Comparative clinical outcomes and radiological images of clavicle hook plate versus Scorpion Plate® for unstable distal clavicle fractures.

Background: Although various surgical methods are available for unstable distal clavicle fractures, consensus remains lacking on the optimal technique. Therefore, the present retrospective study aimed to compare the clavicle hook plate and Scorpion Plate® in terms of clinical outcomes and radiological findings for unstable distal clavicle fractures.

Methods: Fifty-seven patients with unstable distal clavicle fractures who underwent treatment using a clavicle hook plate (Group H; 28 patients) or Scorpion Plate® (Group S; 29 patients) were included in the present study.

Functional reconstruction of elbow flexion with latissimus dorsi muscle rotational transfer: two case reports.

Background: We report two cases of biceps brachii and brachialis paralysis due to musculocutaneous nerve injury in which elbow joint flexion was reconstructed using rotational transfer of the latissimus dorsi muscle with sutures to the radial and ulnar tuberosities, thereby enabling flexion by simultaneous activation of the humeroradial and humeroulnar joints. In cases of associated brachialis paralysis, weaker flexion strength can be expected when the forearm is in a pronated position than when it is in a supinated state. To the best of our knowledge, no previous study has reported the rotational position of the forearm during elbow joint flexion reconstruction.

Differentiation Capacity of Porcine Skeletal Muscle-Derived Stem Cells as Intermediate Species between Mice and Humans.

Large animal experiments are important for preclinical studies of regenerative stem cell transplantation therapy. Therefore, we investigated the differentiation capacity of pig skeletal muscle-derived stem cells (Sk-MSCs) as an intermediate model between mice and humans for nerve muscle regenerative therapy. Enzymatically extracted cells were obtained from green-fluorescence transgenic micro-mini pigs (GFP-Tg MMP) and sorted as CD34+/45- (Sk-34) and CD34-/45-/29+ (Sk-DN) fractions.

Using blood glucose and lactate levels for early detection of venous congestion following a free flap procedure for lower extremity open fractures.

Purpose: Gustilo-Anderson type IIIB and IIIC open fractures of the lower extremities require reconstruction of extensively injured soft tissues using a free flap; however, impaired blood flow through the flap is an early postoperative complication. To detect flap congestion due to venous thrombosis, blood glucose and lactate level measurements within the flap are taken to determine variations in these levels. We aimed to detect early-stage venous congestion and to perform salvage operations.

Relationship Between Subacromial Bone Erosion and Hook Position of Clavicular Plate in Distal Clavicle Fractures.

Objectives: To evaluate the influence of posterior hook position on subacromial bone erosion during surgical treatment of distal clavicle fractures with locking compression plate clavicle hook plate (CHP).

Design: Single-center retrospective study.

Setting: Level V trauma center (university hospital).

Long-term outcomes of open modified inferior capsular shift for traumatic anterior shoulder instability: over 20 years of follow-up.

Background: This study aimed to assess the long-term outcomes of the open modified inferior capsular shift procedure across more than 20 years in patients with traumatic anterior shoulder instability.

Methods: Participants in this study comprised 84 patients (86 shoulders; 67 men, 17 women). Mean follow-up was 28.

Peripheral Nerve Regeneration Using a Cytokine Cocktail Secreted by Skeletal Muscle-Derived Stem Cells in a Mouse Model.

Severe peripheral nerve injury, which does not promise natural healing, inevitably requires clinical treatment. Here, we demonstrated the facilitation effect of peripheral nerve regeneration using a cytokine cocktail secreted by skeletal muscle-derived stem cells (Sk-MSCs). Mouse sciatic nerve was transected with a 6 mm gap and bridged collagen tube, and the culture supernatant of Sk-MSCs with 20% adult mouse serum (AMS)/Iscove's modified Dulbecco's medium (IMDM) was administered into the tube immediately after the operation, followed by an injection once a week for six weeks through the skin to the surrounding tube of the cytokine (CT) group.

Locking versus nonlocking superior plate fixations for displaced midshaft clavicle fractures: A prospective randomized trial comparing clinical and radiografic results.

Background: It is unknown whether locking or nonlocking superior plate fixation is better for managing displaced midshaft clavicle fractures. Therefore, we aimed to compare the clinical and radiographic outcomes of locking and nonlocking superior plate fixation of displaced midshaft clavicle fractures.

Methods: A total of 102 consecutive patients with displaced midshaft clavicle fractures (2B1 and 2B2 in Robinson classification) participated in this randomized controlled trial; 12 patients were excluded.

Clinical Features and Outcomes of Bilateral Atypical Femoral Fractures.

Bilateral atypical femoral fractures (AFFs) are relatively rare. In this report, we retrospectively researched clinical features and outcomes of bilateral AFFs treated at our institution. We previously treated 4 patients (8 limbs) with intramedullary nailing for complete AFFs (6 limbs) and incomplete AFFs (2 limbs).

Retrospective analysis of risk factors for deep infection in lower limb Gustilo-Anderson type III fractures.

Background: Open fractures are among the most severe injuries observed in orthopedic patients. Treating open fractures is difficult because such patients with infections may require multiple operations and amputations. Furthermore, only a few studies have focused on antibiotic prophylaxis in open fractures and evaluated how to cover lost soft tissue to increase the success rate of reconstruction.

Clinical outcomes of intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures with third fragments: a retrospective analysis of risk factors for delayed union.

Background: This study retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes of intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures with third fragments and analyzed the risk factors for delayed union.

Methods: Retrospective analyses involving 51 patients who underwent intramedullary nailing of femoral shaft fractures with third fragments (AO classification type B, 35 cases; type C, 16 cases) were conducted. Delayed union was defined as either more than 10 months required for callus formation in more than three of the four cortical bone surfaces observed in the frontal and lateral radiographic views or the requirement for additional surgery such as nail conversion or bone transplantation.

Comparison of three plain radiography methods for evaluating proximal humerus bone strength in women.

Background: We assessed the correlation between three methods for measuring cortical thickness of the humerus on a plain radiograph and bone mineral density measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in order to establish a simple bone strength evaluation method in patients at risk of proximal humerus fragility fracture.

Methods: In this retrospective study, 1732 patients underwent screening of the distal third radius, proximal femur, and lumbar spine by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. We identified 224 patients who also underwent anteroposterior shoulder radiography.

Regeneration of Transected Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Using Hybrid-Transplantation of Skeletal Muscle-Derived Stem Cells and Bioabsorbable Scaffold.

Hybrid transplantation of skeletal muscle-derived multipotent stem cells (Sk-MSCs) and bioabsorbable polyglyconate (PGA) felt was studied as a novel regeneration therapy for the transected recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). Sk-MSCs were isolated from green fluorescence protein transgenic mice and then expanded and transplanted with PGA felt for the hybrid transplantation (HY group) into the RLN transected mouse model. Transplantation of culture medium (M group) and PGA + medium (PGA group) were examined as controls.

Voluntary Exercise Positively Affects the Recovery of Long-Nerve Gap Injury Following Tube-Bridging with Human Skeletal Muscle-Derived Stem Cell Transplantation.

The therapeutic effects of voluntary exercise on the recovery of long-gap nerve injury following the bridging of an acellular conduit filled with human skeletal muscle-derived stem cells (Sk-SCs) have been described. Human Sk-SCs were sorted as CD34⁺/45 (Sk-34) cells, then cultured/expanded under optimal conditions for 2 weeks. Surgery to generate a long-gap sciatic nerve injury was performed in athymic nude mice, after which the mice were divided into exercise (E) and non-exercise (NE) groups.

Open Bankart repair plus inferior capsular shift versus arthroscopic Bankart repair without augmentations for traumatic anterior shoulder instability: A prospective study.

Purpose: Arthroscopic treatment of shoulder instability has some advantages (including short surgical time, less morbidity, less postoperative pain, reduced hospitalization time, and decreased risk of complications) compared with open procedures. We performed a prospective study comparing open repair with arthroscopic repair for recurrent anterior shoulder instability. The aim was to clarify the relative effectiveness of open Bankart repair plus inferior capsular shift (OBRICS) and arthroscopic Bankart (AB) repair without augmentations with approximately 5 years of follow-up.

An Examination of the Factors Related to a Reduction in the Use of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS).

Objective: We examined the factors related to a reduction in the use of low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) for patients at both our hospital and other affiliated institutions.

Materials And Methods: Of 350 patients who used LIPUS at our and other affiliated institutions from May 2010 to April 2015, 279 (168 males, 111 females) were evaluated, after excluding mortalities and those with unexplained bone adhesion. Those patients with LIPUS compliance [calculated as: (number of days LIPUS was used/number of days LIPUS was available) × 100] below 80% were defined as the non-compliant group (170 patients), and those patients with a compliance rate of 80% or above were defined as the compliant group (109 patients).

Delayed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-induced osteomyelitis of the tibia after pin tract infection: two case reports.

Background: Pin tract infection is a common complication of external fixation. It usually heals after treatment with debridement, antibiotics, and/or pin removal, only rarely developing into delayed osteomyelitis. We treated two patients with delayed methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus-induced osteomyelitis of the tibia following pin tract infection.

A Long-Gap Peripheral Nerve Injury Therapy Using Human Skeletal Muscle-Derived Stem Cells (Sk-SCs): An Achievement of Significant Morphological, Numerical and Functional Recovery.

Losses in vital functions of the somatic motor and sensory nervous system are induced by severe long-gap peripheral nerve transection injury. In such cases, autologous nerve grafts are the gold standard treatment, despite the unavoidable sacrifice of other healthy functions, whereas the prognosis is not always favorable. Here, we use human skeletal muscle-derived stem cells (Sk-SCs) to reconstitute the function after long nerve-gap injury.

Retrospective comparison of postoperative infection and bone union between late and immediate intramedullary nailing of Gustilo grades I, II, and IIIA open tibial shaft fractures.

Background: The optimal method of skeletal stabilization is still controversial. Therefore, we examined the clinical outcomes associated with late (L) versus immediate intramedullary nailing (IMN).

Methods: This was a retrospective comparative study of trauma registry data from an emergency medical care center (university hospital).

Reconstitution of the complete rupture in musculotendinous junction using skeletal muscle-derived multipotent stem cell sheet-pellets as a "bio-bond".

Background. Significant and/or complete rupture in the musculotendinous junction (MTJ) is a challenging lesion to treat because of the lack of reliable suture methods. Skeletal muscle-derived multipotent stem cell (Sk-MSC) sheet-pellets, which are able to reconstitute peripheral nerve and muscular/vascular tissues with robust connective tissue networks, have been applied as a "bio-bond".

Characterization of layered chondrocyte sheets created in a co-culture system with synoviocytes in a hypoxic environment.

Endeavouring to repair and regenerate articular cartilage using cell sheets, we have previously established a co-culture system of chondrocytes and synoviocytes, and have reported the successful and rapid production of chondrocyte sheets. In the present study, to examine the effects of oxygen concentration on the chondrocyte sheets, we co-cultured human articular chondrocytes and human synoviocytes in 2%, 5% and 21% oxygen, and measured chondrocyte metabolic activity and proliferation activities under each condition for 14 days in culture. Layered chondrocyte sheets were also created under each condition and the proteoglycan (PG) level was compared with the gene expression of type I collagen (COL1), COL2, COL27, tissue metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1), fibronectin-1 (FN1), SRY-related HMG Box 9 (SOX9), aggrecan-1 (ACAN), integrin-α10 (ITGα10), matrix metalloproteinase 3 (MMP3), MMP13 and a disintegrin and metalloproteinase with thrombospondin motif 5 (ADAMTS5).