Cerebral Arteriovenous Malformation With Ipsilateral Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion: A Case Report.

We report the case of a 29-year-old man who presented with a sudden headache. Computed tomography showed a small intraventricular hemorrhage in the left lateral ventricle. Cerebral angiograms suggested rupture of a coexisting feeder aneurysm in the left temporal cerebral arteriovenous malformation (AVM).

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Metastatic Brain Tumors from Uterine Cervical and Endometrial Carcinomas: Histopathological Analysis of Survival and Local Control. A Japanese Multi-Institutional Cooperative and Retrospective Cohort Study.

Objective: A retrospective comparative analysis of the outcomes of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for brain metastases from uterine cervical carcinoma (CC) and endometrial carcinoma (EC), investigated the efficacy and prognostic factors for survival and local tumor control. Histopathological analysis was also performed.

Methods: The authors retrospectively reviewed 61 patients with 260 tumors of CC and 73 patients with 302 tumors of EC who had undergone GKRS.

A Practical Grading Scale for Predicting Outcomes of Radiosurgery for Dural Arteriovenous Fistulas: JLGK 1802 Study.

Background And Purpose: To assess the long-term outcomes of intracranial dural arteriovenous fistula (DAVF) treated with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) alone or embolization and SRS (Emb-SRS) and to develop a grading system for predicting DAVF obliteration.

Methods: This multi-institutional retrospective study included 200 patients with DAVF treated with SRS or Emb-SRS. We investigated the long-term obliteration rate and obliteration-associated factors.

Gamma Knife radiosurgery for metastatic brain tumors from ovarian cancer: histopathological analysis of survival and local control. A Japanese multi-institutional cooperative and retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Brain metastasis is rare in ovarian cancer patients. The results of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKRS) for the treatment of patients with brain metastases from ovarian cancer were retrospectively analyzed to derive the efficacy and prognostic factors for survival and local tumor control. Further histopathological analysis was also performed.

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Concurrent Trigeminal Neuralgia and Glossopharyngeal Neuralgia.

An 82-year-old female had suffered right facial pain since 37 years of her age. The trigeminal neuralgia (TN) was controlled by carbamazepine and peripheral nerve block. The local block was effective for two to three years once performed, and as it became less effective, the patient took carbamazepine.

Preplanned Partial Surgical Removal Followed by Low-Dose Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Large Vestibular Schwannomas.

Objective: The present study evaluated outcomes after preplanned partial surgical removal of a large vestibular schwannoma (VS) followed by low-dose Gamma Knife surgery (GKS).

Methods: Between January 2000 and May 2015, 47 patients with a unilateral VS (median maximum diameter 32 mm) underwent preplanned partial tumor removal at our clinic. GKS for a residual lesion was done within a median time interval of 3 months.

Gamma Knife Surgery for Residual or Recurrent Craniopharyngioma After Surgical Resection: A Multi-institutional Retrospective Study in Japan.

Objective The optimal treatment for a craniopharyngioma has been controversial. Complete resection is ideal, but it has been difficult to obtain total resection in many cases because of intimate proximity to critical structures such as the optic pathway, hypothalamus, and pituitary gland. A growing number of studies have demonstrated the utility of radiosurgery in controlling residual or recurrent craniopharyngioma.

Salvage gamma knife radiosurgery for active brain metastases from small-cell lung cancer after whole-brain radiation therapy: a retrospective multi-institutional study (JLGK1701).

Purpose: To evaluate the efficacy of gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for brain metastases (BMs) from small-cell lung cancer after whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT).

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the usefulness and safety of GKS in 163 patients from 15 institutions with 1-10 active BMs after WBRT. The usefulness and safety of GKS were evaluated using statistical methods.

Staged Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Large Skull Base Meningiomas.

Purpose: The authors have been treating skull base meningiomas using relatively low-dose gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS, ≤ 12 Gy) with acceptable tumor growth control and low morbidity. In the present study, volume-staged, low-dose GKS was performed for large skull base meningiomas with a maximum diameter > 4 cm. In this article, a treatment strategy for volume-staged GKS and results for large skull base meningiomas are described.

Intracavernous Hemangiopericytoma: Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Intracavernous hemangiopericytoma/solitary fibrous tumor is an extremely rare tumor, with only seven cases reported. We present a case of intracavernous hemangiopericytoma/solitary fibrous tumor and review all cases reported in the literature. A 67-year-old man experienced numbness over the left half of the face.

Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Trigeminal Neuralgia Associated with Osteogenesis Imperfecta.

Background: Trigeminal neuralgia is a rare feature of basilar impression, a complication of osteochondrodysplasic disorders. Microvascular decompression is difficult in medically refractory cases. Gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) is effective for classical trigeminal neuralgia, and we first applied this GKS for a patient suffering from trigeminal neuralgia with basilar impression complicated by osteogenesis imperfecta.

Gamma Knife radiosurgery for brain metastases from pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma: a Japanese multi-institutional cooperative study (JLGK1401).

OBJECTIVE In 1999, the World Health Organization categorized large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (LCNEC) of the lung as a variant of large cell carcinoma, and LCNEC now accounts for 3% of all lung cancers. Although LCNEC is categorized among the non-small cell lung cancers, its biological behavior has recently been suggested to be very similar to that of a small cell pulmonary malignancy. The clinical outcome for patients with LCNEC is generally poor, and the optimal treatment for this malignancy has not yet been established.

Delayed cyst formations and/or expanding hematomas developing after Gamma Knife surgery for cerebral arteriovenous malformations.

The authors retrospectively analyzed cyst formations and expanding haematomas (EHs) that developed after Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) for arteriovenous malformations (AVMs), and evaluated the treatment results of these lesions. Cyst formations and/or EHs which developed after GKS for AVMs were identified in 20 patients (5.0%) out of 404 patients who underwent this procedure.

Pediatric thalamic glioma with H3F3A K27M mutation, which was detected before and after malignant transformation: a case report.

Purpose: Histone H3.3 (H3F3A) mutation in the codon for lysine 27 (K27M) has been found as driver mutations in pediatric glioblastoma and has been suggested to play critical roles in the pathogenesis of thalamic gliomas and diffuse intrinsic pontine gliomas. We report a case of thalamic glioma with H3F3A K27M mutation, which was detected in both the primary tumor diagnosed as diffuse astrocytoma obtained during the first surgery and also in the tumor diagnosed as anaplastic astrocytoma obtained at the second surgery.

Treatment Results of Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Central Neurocytoma: Report of a Japanese Multi-Institutional Cooperative Study.

Objective: Central neurocytoma (CN) is a rare benign neuronal tumor, and a limited number of reports have described the usefulness of radiosurgery for a relatively large group of patients. We evaluated the effectiveness and outcomes of Gamma Knife radiosurgery (GKS) for CN in a Japanese multi-institutional study.

Methods: We performed retrospective analysis of 36 patients with CN who were treated with GKS in 12 institutes in Japan.

Functional Outcomes of Salvage Surgery for Vestibular Schwannomas after Failed Gamma Knife Radiosurgery.

Objective: We reviewed our experience with salvage surgery following failed gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for vestibular schwannomas.

Methods: The study comprised 18 patients with unilateral vestibular schwannomas. The median prescribed radiation dose was 12 Gy (range, 10-12.

Gamma Knife surgery for patients with jugular foramen schwannomas: a multiinstitutional retrospective study in Japan.

OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the efficacy and safety of stereotactic radiosurgery in patients with jugular foramen schwannomas (JFSs). METHODS This study was a multiinstitutional retrospective analysis of 117 patients with JFSs who were treated with Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) at 18 medical centers of the Japan Leksell Gamma Knife Society. The median age of the patients was 53 years.

Gamma Knife surgery for patients with facial nerve schwannomas: a multiinstitutional retrospective study in Japan.

Objective: The aim of this study was to explore the efficacy and safety of stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with facial nerve schwannomas (FNSs).

Methods: This study was a multiinstitutional retrospective analysis of 42 patients with FNSs treated with Gamma Knife surgery (GKS) at 1 of 10 medical centers of the Japan Leksell Gamma Knife Society (JLGK1301). The median age of the patients was 50 years.

Pituitary metastases: current practice in Japan.

Object: With advancement of cancer treatment and development of neuroimaging techniques, contemporary clinical pictures of pituitary metastases (PMs) must have changed from past reports. The goal of this paper was to elucidate the clinical features of PMs and current clinical practice related to those lesions. In this retrospective study, questionnaires were sent to 87 physicians who had treated PMs in Japan.

Radiosurgery for symptomatic cavernous malformations: A multi-institutional retrospective study in Japan.

Background: A group study for symptomatic cavernous malformation (CM) treated with gamma knife (GK) surgery was performed.

Methods: A total of 298 cases collected from 23 GK centers across Japan were included. Hemorrhage was the most common manifestation, followed by seizures and neurological deficits.

Stereotactic radiosurgery for intracranial hemangioblastomas: a retrospective international outcome study.

Object: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) in the management of intracranial hemangioblastomas.

Methods: Six participating centers of the North American Gamma Knife Consortium and 13 Japanese Gamma Knife centers identified 186 patients with 517 hemangioblastomas who underwent SRS. Eighty patients had 335 hemangioblastomas associated with von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHL) and 106 patients had 182 sporadic hemangioblastomas.

Functional Preservation After Planned Partial Resection Followed by Gamma Knife Radiosurgery for Large Vestibular Schwannomas.

Objective: The treatment goal for vestibular schwannomas (VS) has been changed from total removal of the tumor to functional preservation with long-term tumor growth control. The small- to medium-sized VS can be treated by stereotactic radiosurgery, but large VS require surgical decompression for the relief of cerebellar dysfunction and increased intracranial pressure. We have been performing planned partial surgical resections followed by gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS) for large VS.

[An endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal biopsy for pituitary gland Langerhans cell histiocytosis in a child: a case report].

Endoscopic transnasal transsphenoidal surgery is gaining wide acceptance as the first-line treatment of pituitary tumors in adults, as this procedure is minimally invasive and associated with good outcomes. On the other hand, conventional transcranial and sublabial approaches are chosen for infants as their small anatomical structures pose some difficulty. This study reports on the case of a 5-year-old boy who had a Langerhans cell histiocytosis appearing in the sella.

Stereotactic radiosurgery for patients with multiple brain metastases (JLGK0901): a multi-institutional prospective observational study.

Background: We aimed to examine whether stereotactic radiosurgery without whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) as the initial treatment for patients with five to ten brain metastases is non-inferior to that for patients with two to four brain metastases in terms of overall survival.

Methods: This prospective observational study enrolled patients with one to ten newly diagnosed brain metastases (largest tumour <10 mL in volume and <3 cm in longest diameter; total cumulative volume ≤15 mL) and a Karnofsky performance status score of 70 or higher from 23 facilities in Japan. Standard stereotactic radiosurgery procedures were used in all patients; tumour volumes smaller than 4 mL were irradiated with 22 Gy at the lesion periphery and those that were 4-10 mL with 20 Gy.