Vancomycin hydrochloride (VCM) is a glycopeptide antibiotic that is commonly used against methicillin-resistant, Gram-positive cocci despite the nephrotoxic side effects. VCM-induced nephrotoxicity has been reported in 5-28% of recipient patients. Therefore, renal failure induced by VCM has become an important clinical problem.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA 76-year-old man was admitted with general fatigue, weight loss, fever, headache, renal failure, and a high serum level of myeloperoxidase-antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody. Biopsy revealed citrullinated histone H3 (citH3)-positive neutrophils adherent to the temporal artery endothelium. Three days after completing pulse steroid therapy, he suffered from a sudden disturbance of consciousness and died.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: There are differences between Europe and Japan in the incidence and antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody (ANCA) serotype of patients with microscopic polyangiitis (MPA). However, differences in phenotype or outcome have not been explored. We aimed to identify differences in phenotype and outcome of MPA between Europe and Japan.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody (ANCA) directed against myeloperoxidase (MPO), a diagnostic criterion in MPO-ANCA-associated vasculitis (MPO-AAV), does not always correlate with disease activity. Here, we detected autoantibodies against moesin, which was located on the surface of stimulated endothelial cells, in the serum of patients.
Methods: The anti-moesin autoantibody titer was evaluated by ELISA.
Background: It has been well-recognized that cancer patients occasionally develop renal disorders independently of direct tumor invasion. However, the clinical entity of paraneoplastic glomerulopathy remains poorly understood, in part due to the lack of an animal model for basic research. In the present study, we investigated whether cancer-bearing rats develop features of glomerulopathy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn ordinary settings, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated nephropathy should be considered when HIV infection is associated with heavy proteinuria. On the other hand, hepatitis B virus (HBV) may also play a role in the development of glomerular injury among patients with HIV infection, since HIV and HBV infections commonly occur together due to shared modes of transmission. We present here a case of nephrotic syndrome in an HIV-positive patient complicated with HBV infection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGenetic crossing experiments were performed between tuberous sclerosis-2 (Tsc2) KO and expressed in renal carcinoma (Erc) KO mice to analyze the function of the Erc/mesothelin gene in renal carcinogenesis. We found the number and size of renal tumors were significantly less in Tsc2+/-;Erc-/- mice than in Tsc2+/-;Erc+/+ and Tsc2+/-;Erc+/- mice. Tumors from Tsc2+/-;Erc-/- mice exhibited reduced cell proliferation and increased apoptosis, as determined by proliferating cell nuclear antigen (Ki67) and TUNEL analysis, respectively.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a complex multigenic disease, is characterized by hypergammaglobulinemia, autoantibody production and immune complex-type lupus nephritis. In addition to these signs and symptoms in SLE, there can be symptoms of neurological disorders, including anxiety. To clarify mechanisms governing the anxiety seen in lupus, we carried out genome-wide scans, and found that the region including interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha) on NZB chromosome 4 is significantly linked to the anxiety-like behavior seen in SLE-prone New Zealand Black (NZB) x New Zealand White (NZW) F(1) (B/W F(1)) mice.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSystemic lupus erythematosus, a complex multigenic disease, is characterized by a wide variety of clinical manifestations, as a result of the contribution of different genes or different combinations of genes. Recent advances in molecular genetics has led to a better understanding of the genes predisposing to systemic lupus erythematosus in both humans and laboratory animal models. Identification of susceptibility genes provides key insights into the pathogenesis of systemic lupus erythematosus, making new prophylactic and therapeutic approaches feasible.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMuch of the pathology of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is caused by deposition of immune complexes (ICs) into various tissues, including renal glomeruli. Because clearance of ICs depends largely on early complement component C1q, homozygous C1q deficiency is a strong genetic risk factor in SLE, although it is rare in SLE patients overall. In this work we addressed the issue of whether genetic polymorphisms affecting C1q levels may predispose to SLE, using the (NZB x NZW)F(1) model.
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