[Effect of landiolol hydrochloride for intraoperative tachycardia--multicenter questionnaire study].

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of landiolol hydrochloride, which is an ultra-short-acting beta-1 selective blocker, for intraoperative tachycardia and to establish practical methods of administration of the drug.

Methods: We retrospectively examined by multicenter questionnaires the effects and practical methods of administration of landiolol for 100 patients who showed tachycardia needing treatment during anesthesia. The techniques for anesthesia and administration of landiolol were entrusted to each anesthesiologist.

Differential pressor response to intravenous ephedrine during recovery from deliberate hypotension.

Study Objective: To determine whether nitroglycerin or trimethaphan alters pressor response to intravenous (i.v.) ephedrine.

Role of prostaglandin receptor subtype EP1 in prostaglandin E2-induced nociceptive transmission in the rat spinal dorsal horn.

It has been indicated that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the receptor for PGE2 (EP receptor) are key factors contributing to the facilitated generation of nociception. This study was designed to investigate the roles of PGE2 and EP1 receptors in the spinal cord in the nociceptive transmission, using behavioral and intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i) assays and in situ hybridization. Experiments were conducted on Sprague-Dawley rats.

The effects of intrathecal administration of an antagonist for prostaglandin E receptor subtype EP(1) on mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in a rat model of postoperative pain.

Unlabelled: Despite substantial advances in understanding acute pain mechanisms and in the treatment of pain, postoperative pain, especially mechanically evoked pain (incident pain), is generally not effectively treated. Tissue injury and inflammation increase the release of prostaglandin E(2) in the spinal cord, contributing to the development of hyperalgesia. We designed the present study to determine whether the intrathecal administration of an antagonist for prostaglandin E(2) receptor subtype EP(1), ONO-8711, has an analgesic effect on incision-induced mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia.

Role of prostaglandin receptor EP1 in the spinal dorsal horn in carrageenan-induced inflammatory pain.

Background: Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and the receptor for PGE2 (EP receptor) are key factors contributing to the generation of hyperalgesia caused by inflammation. The current study was designed to investigate the roles of PGE2 and EP1 receptors in the spinal cord in the development and maintenance of inflammatory pain, using behavioral, microdialysis, and intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i) assays.

Methods: Inflammation was induced by an injection of carrageenan into the plantar surface of the rat hind paw.

Effects of a novel selective agonist for prostaglandin receptor subtype EP4 on hyperalgesia and inflammation in monoarthritic model.

Background: Cytokines have crucial role in the development and maintenance of inflammation and pain in arthritis. Activation of prostaglandin receptor subtype EP(4) suppresses cytokine production in immune cells. The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether a novel EP(4) agonist would be able to suppress thermal and mechanical hyperalgesia and paw swelling in acute and chronic phases in rat monoarthritic model.