Development of clinical application for a nutritional prescription support system for total parenteral/enteral nutrition.

One of the important roles of pharmacists as members of a nutrition support team is nutritional prescription support. We developed a nutritional prescription support system (NPSS) that facilitates prescription support and analysis and evaluated its usefulness in nutritional therapy. An NPSS for prescription support and the management of patient information was created.

Usefulness of a nutrition assessment system for parenteral/enteral nutrition therapy.

Since a nutrition support team (NST) began to work in our hospital in March, 2003, we constructed our original nutrition assessment system that supports the prescription formulation of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). However, in daily NST activities, the re-evaluation of this system became necessary because of a high incidence of enteral nutrition (EN) and marked revisions in the dietary reference intakes in Japanese (7th revision). Therefore, we improved this system and added a prescription formulation support function that is also applicable to EN, and also added a function that automatically calculates the necessary doses of nutrients that tend to become deficient in patients with decubituses.

Usefulness of the final filter of the IV infusion set in intravenous administration of drugs--contamination of injection preparations by insoluble microparticles and its causes.

The purpose of this study is to clarify the presence of so much insoluble microparticles in the injections and to confirm the usefulness of the final filter for its removal. The test drugs used were Doyle 1 g vial, Cefotax 1 g vial, Minomycin 100 mg vial, Omegacin 0.3 g vial, Maxipime 1 g vial, Rocephin 1 g vial, Isovorin 25 mg vial, Diamox 500 mg vial and Fungizone 50 mg vial.

[Study of the antibodies against measles, rubella, mumps and varicella-zoster viruses in sera from the medical staffs].

For infection control against measles, rubella, mumps and varicella-zoster viruses in the hospital, it is important to assess the immunity of the medical staff against those viruses and to achieve high immunocompetence in the medical staff by vaccination. We estimated the specific antibodies against measles, rubella, mumps and varicella-zoster viruses by ELISA in 686 care workers (240 men, 446 women) of Yamagata University Hospital. The members (frequencies) without antibodies for each virus were 59 (8.

In vitro study of the adsorption characteristics of drugs.

The adsorption characteristics of eight adsorbents, cholestyramine, colestimide, aluminum silicate, sucralfate, aluminum hydroxide, calcium polystyrene sulfonate, carbon sphere and medicinal carbon, on the drugs such as methotrexate, antidepressants, mizoribine and ciprofloxacin hydrochloride were investigated in vitro. Medicinal carbon showed an excellent adsorption of all the tested drugs while the carbon spheres showed a high but slow adsorption characteristic. Cholestyramine and colestimide showed a higher adsorption in methotrexate than the other adsorbents.

Evaluation of the bactericidal activity of povidone-iodine and commercially available gargle preparations.

Objective: Encouragement of gargling is important for the control of opportunistic and community-acquired infections. In hospitals, a povidone-iodine (PVP-I) gargle is used frequently. However, at pharmacies in the community a variety of gargles containing various ingredients are now available.