Poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis with 22F pneumococcal bacteremia.

Background: Pneumococcal vaccines have been available worldwide since the early 2000s; consequently, few reports exist of poststreptococcal acute glomerulonephritis (PSAGN) or complications of pneumococcal infection. We describe a patient with PSAGN and bacteremia with Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 22F (not covered by the 13-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PCV 13)).

Case Diagnosis/treatment: A 5-year-old boy received the PCV13 vaccine and was admitted to our hospital with a fever and gross hematuria.

Comparative analysis of health-related quality of life between children with bladder and bowel dysfunction versus lower urinary tract dysfunction and healthy controls.

Purpose: This study aimed to compare health-related quality of life (HRQoL) between children with bladder and bowel dysfunction (BBD) and lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) alone and healthy controls based on self-report forms and parent-proxy report forms.

Materials And Methods: In this retrospective study, clinical records were reviewed. Children with LUTD, with or without bowel dysfunction, and healthy children were included in this study.

Pediatric early-phase anorexia nervosa without hypokalemia exhibiting acute tubular injury: a case report.

Anorexia nervosa can lead to kidney complications. Few studies reported kidney biopsy results in young adults, most of whom had chronic anorexia nervosa, and kidney biopsy findings in pediatric patients with early-phase anorexia nervosa are rarely reported. A 14-year-old girl who lost weight due to excessive exercise and reduced diet was admitted for kidney dysfunction.

Sleep features of nocturnal enuresis: relationship between rapid eye movement sleep latency prolongation and nocturnal enuresis.

Nocturnal enuresis, or bed wetting, is the involuntary urination during sleep. One of its causes is difficulty awakening during sleep, suggesting a relationship between Nocturnal enuresis (NE) and sleep. However, no studies have yet clarified the relationship between NE and sleep, and the effects of sleep structure in NE children are not yet known.

Delayed diagnosis and exacerbation of hyperlipidemia in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome in children during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background: During the coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there was a lack of access to outpatient facilities for other diseases. Conversely, few studies have reported changes in clinical features of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) in children before and after the COVID-19 pandemic.

Methods: Thirty-two children with primary INS, who were admitted to four Showa University-affiliated hospitals between January 2017 and December 2022, were enrolled in this retrospective study.

Outcomes of discontinuing renin-angiotensin system inhibitors: a study protocol for conducting systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) plays a key role in various types of cardiovascular disease and many kinds of RAS inhibitors have been developed. The effect of discontinuation of RAS inhibitors on clinical outcomes is still controversial. This study aims to evaluate the effects of discontinuing RAS inhibitor medication on the clinical outcomes of patients continuously taking these agents.

Comparison of wireless and wired alarm devices for nocturnal enuresis treatment.

Background: In monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) treatment, enuretic alarm devices are the first recommended treatment option. This study aimed to compare retrospectively the effectiveness of wearable wireless and wired alarm devices for MNE treatment in children aged 6-14 years.

Methods: All children aged 6-16 with MNE who underwent alarm therapy as outpatients were included.

Differences in the Clinical Characteristics of Kawasaki Disease Between Older and Younger Children (2015-2019): A Single-Center, Retrospective Study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the differences in the clinical characteristics of Kawasaki disease between older and younger children.

Study Design: This retrospective study examined 405 children with Kawasaki disease admitted to Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital between 2015 and 2019.

Results: Eligible patients were classified into the older (≥3.

Meningitis due to in the community associated with congenital dermal sinus in a Japanese infant.

Congenital dermal sinus is associated with meningitis caused by atypical pathogens. Although nosocomial infections with in limited settings have been reported, community-acquired infections associated with congenital dermal sinus are rarely observed. We present the first non-neonatal case of a 3-month-old boy with meningitis due to associated with congenital dermal sinus.

Fecal impaction detected by imaging predicts recurrent urinary tract infection.

Background: Few studies have evaluated the efficacy of ultrasonography (US) and abdominal radiography in assessing bladder and bowel dysfunction in children aged <24 months. We aimed to investigate the association between the risk of urinary tract infection (UTI) recurrence and fecal impaction using imaging findings.

Methods: The medical records of 121 children (aged <24 months) with initial febrile UTI (fUTI) who were admitted to the authors' institution from January 2004 to September 2019 were reviewed retrospectively.

Clinical, pathological, and genetic characteristics of cases with asymptomatic proteinuria not manifesting nephrotic syndrome at onset: a single-center retrospective study.

Background: Cases with asymptomatic proteinuria (ASP) not manifesting nephrotic syndrome often pathologically show focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). However, characteristics of those cases had not been intensively studied so far.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed clinical, pathological, and genetic characteristics of 37 children (median age, 9.

Distribution of serum adiponectin isoforms in pediatric patients with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.

Background: Serum adiponectin circulates in three multimeric isoforms: high-molecular-weight (HMW), middle-molecular-weight (MMW), and low-molecular-weight (LMW) isoforms. Potential change in the circulating adiponectin levels in patients with nephrotic syndrome (NS) remain unknown. This study aimed to assess the levels of total adiponectin and the distribution of its isoforms in pediatric patients with NS.

Reference serum creatinine levels according to sex, age, and height in children with Down syndrome.

Standard serum creatinine (S-Cr) levels in healthy children fluctuate with age and sex. However, it is unclear if this fluctuation in S-Cr levels is present for children with Down syndrome (DS) who show atypical growth rate. Therefore, we aimed to establish specific reference S-Cr levels for DS and compare them with the prevailing standard levels.

Is the estimated glomerular filtration rate formula useful for evaluating the renal function of Down syndrome?

Background: Children with Down syndrome (DS) have different growth rates compared with normal children. The present study examined the reliability of a general formula, Uemura's formula, utilized in normal Japanese children to estimate renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate - eGFR) in children with DS.

Methods: This study included 758 children aged 2-18 years with DS who visited our medical center.