Improvement in CPP-GMR read head sensor performance using [001]-oriented polycrystalline half-metallic Heusler alloy CoFeGaGe and CoFe bilayer electrode.

A current-perpendicular-to-plane giant magnetoresistive (CPP-GMR) device with a half-metallic electrode is one of the most promising candidates of next-generation read head for hard disk drive. In this study, we fabricate [001]-oriented polycrystalline CPP-GMR devices with the normal ferromagnet (NFM) CoFe/half-metallic ferromagnet (HMFM) CoFeGaGe (CFGG) bilayer electrodes to enhance the magnetoresistance (MR) ratio by large interfacial spin-dependent scattering at the NFM/HMFM interface. The CoFe/CFGG bilayer electrode provides the additional large interfacial spin-dependent scattering and achieves high ratio of 22.

Understanding magnetocrystalline anisotropy based on orbital and quadrupole moments.

Understanding magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) is fundamentally important for developing novel magnetic materials. Therefore, clarifying the relationship between MCA and local physical quantities observed by spectroscopic measurements, such as the orbital and quadrupole moments, is necessary. In this review, we discuss MCA and the distortion effects in magnetic materials with transition metals (TMs) based on the orbital and quadrupole moments, which are related to the spin-conserving and spin-flip terms in the second-order perturbation calculations, respectively.

Seebeck-driven transverse thermoelectric generation.

When a temperature gradient is applied to a closed circuit comprising two different conductors, a charge current is generated via the Seebeck effect. Here, we utilize the Seebeck-effect-induced charge current to drive 'transverse' thermoelectric generation, which has great potential for energy harvesting and heat sensing applications owing to the orthogonal geometry of the heat-to-charge-current conversion. We found that, in a closed circuit comprising thermoelectric and magnetic materials, artificial hybridization of the Seebeck effect into the anomalous Hall effect enables transverse thermoelectric generation with a similar symmetry to the anomalous Nernst effect.

Detecting quadrupole: a hidden source of magnetic anisotropy for Manganese alloys.

Mn-based alloys exhibit unique properties in the spintronics materials possessing perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA) beyond the Fe and Co-based alloys. It is desired to figure out the quantum physics of PMA inherent to Mn-based alloys, which have never been reported. Here, the origin of PMA in ferrimagnetic Mn Ga ordered alloys is investigated to resolve antiparallel-coupled Mn sites using x-ray magnetic circular and linear dichroism (XMCD/XMLD) and a first-principles calculation.

Electronic structure of AlFeN films exhibiting crystallographic orientation change from c- to a-axis with Fe concentrations and annealing effect.

Wurtzite AlN film is a promising material for deep ultraviolet light-emitting diodes. However, some properties that attribute to its crystal orientation, i.e.

Erratum: Realizing Room-Temperature Resonant Tunnel Magnetoresistance in Cr/Fe/MgAlO Quasi-Quantum Well Structures.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1002/advs.201901438.

Realizing Room-Temperature Resonant Tunnel Magnetoresistance in Cr/Fe/MgAlO Quasi-Quantum Well Structures.

The quantum well (QW) realizes new functionalities due to the discrete electronic energy levels formed in the well-shaped potential. Magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) combined with a quasi-QW structure of Cr/ultrathin-Fe/MgAlO(001)/Fe, in which the Cr quasi-barrier layer confines up-spin electrons to the Fe well, are prepared with perfectly lattice-matched interfaces and atomic layer number control. Resonant peaks are clearly observed in the differential conductance of the MTJs due to the formation of QWs.

Exploring half-metallic Co-based full Heusler alloys using a DFT+ method combined with linear response approach.

A density functional theory (DFT)+ method based on linear response (LR) theory was applied to investigate the electronic structures of a Co-based ternary full Heusler alloy CoYSi to explore half-metallic (HM) ferromagnets with a wide HM gap. The LR-based DFT+ calculations tend to obtain a reasonable correlation parameter for the Y site, while the correlation of the Co site misdirects to the unphysical ground state due to the overestimated parameter value that arises from the delocalized electronic structure of Co. Furthermore, we found that the HM gap of CoMnSi originates from the Co orbital in the conduction state and the Co-Mn hybridizing t orbital in the valence state around the Fermi energy.

Novel recombinant feline interferon carrying N-glycans with reduced allergy risk produced by a transgenic silkworm system.

Background: The generation of recombinant proteins for commercialisation must be cost-effective. Despite the cost-effective production of recombinant feline interferon (rFeIFN) by a baculovirus expression system, this rFeIFN carries insect-type N-glycans, with core α 1,3 fucosyl residues that act as potential allergens. An alternative method of production may yield recombinant glycoproteins with reduced antigenicity.

Anatomy of interfacial spin-orbit coupling in Co/Pd multilayers using X-ray magnetic circular dichroism and first-principles calculations.

Element-specific orbital magnetic moments and their anisotropies in perpendicularly magnetised Co/Pd multilayers are investigated using Co L-edge and Pd M-edge angle-dependent x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. We show that the orbital magnetic moments in Co are anisotropic, whereas those in Pd are isotropic. The first-principles density-functional-theory calculations also suggest that the Co/Pd interfacial orbital magnetic moments in Co are anisotropic and contribute to the perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA), and that the isotropic ones in Pd manipulates the Co orbitals at the interface through proximity effects.

Prophylactic clip closure may reduce the risk of delayed bleeding after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection.

Background And Study Aims: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has a high en bloc resection rate and is widely performed for large superficial colorectal tumors, but delayed bleeding remains one of the most common complications of colorectal ESD. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the clinical efficacy of prophylactic clip closure of mucosal defects for the prevention of delayed bleeding after colorectal ESD.

Patients And Methods: We enrolled consecutive patients with colorectal lesions between January 2012 and May 2017 in this retrospective study.

Carney complex: a case with thyroid follicular adenoma without a PRKAR1A mutation.

Background: Carney complex (CNC) is a very rare disease. Although thyroid lesions are included in the diagnostic criteria for CNC, they are an infrequent occurrence.

Case Presentation: The patient was a 69-year-old woman who had undergone the removal of a left atrial myxoma 10 years earlier, at the age of 59.

Drastic change in density of states upon martensitic phase transition for metamagnetic shape memory alloy Ni2Mn(1+x)In(1-x).

We have unravelled the electronic structure of a class of metamagnetic shape memory alloy Ni2Mn1+x In1-x by combining bulk-sensitive hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and first-principles density-functional calculations. A sharp drop in the Ni 3d e(g) density of states forming a pseudogap in the martensitic phase transition (MPT) for x   =   0.36 has been observed near the Fermi level.

The origin of perpendicular magneto-crystalline anisotropy in L1(0)-FeNi under tetragonal distortion.

We investigated the origin of perpendicular magneto-crystalline anisotropy (MCA) in L1(0)-ordered FeNi alloy using first-principles density-functional calculations. We found that the perpendicular MCA of L1(0)-FeNi arises predominantly from the constituent Fe atoms, which is consistent with recent measurements of the anisotropy of the Fe orbital magnetic moment of L1(0)-FeNi by means of x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. Analysis of the second-order perturbation of the spin-orbit interaction indicates that spin-flip excitations between the occupied majority-spin and unoccupied minority-spin bands make a considerable contribution to the perpendicular MCA, as does the spin-conservation term for the minority-spin bands.

Superconductivity of Ni-Nb-Zr-H glassy alloys with nanoclusters.

We investigated the hydrogen effect on superconductivity in the (Ni0.36Nb0.24Zr0.

The effect of the interface oxidation on tunneling conductance of Co(2)MnSi/MgO/Co(2)MnSi magnetic tunnel junction.

We investigate and discuss the effects of interfacial oxidation on electronic structures and tunnel conductance of the Co(2)MnSi/MgO/Co(2)MnSi(001) magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) on the basis of first-principles calculations. It is found that the MnSi termination tends to be oxidized compared with the Co termination because of the relaxation of atomic positions in the MnSi-terminated interface. Furthermore, we found that the single oxide layer inserted on both sides of the junction greatly decreases the tunnel conductance of the MTJ in parallel magnetization.

Half-metallic interface between a Heusler alloy and Si.

The interface between the half-Heusler alloy CoFeSi and Si is investigated by using first-principles density-functional calculations. Although CoFeSi has not been fabricated yet, its formation energy turns out to be negative. Within the generalized gradient approximation, CoFeSi shows nearly half-metallic properties, and its lattice constant is about 5.

The computational materials design of (Ga, Cr)N: effects of co-doping on exchange interactions.

We investigate the effect of O or Be co-doping on the exchange interaction between Cr spins in (Ga, Cr)N by means of first-principles calculations based on the density-functional theory. The ferromagnetic exchange interactions are reduced by doping Be around Cr. On the other hand, O doping reduces the ferromagnetic interaction remarkably only for the case of Cr-O-Cr complex formation.

Coherent tunnelling conductance in magnetic tunnel junctions of half-metallic full Heusler alloys with MgO barriers.

We have carried out electronic structure and transport calculations for magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJ) composed of MgO and a half-metallic full Heusler alloy Co(2)MnSi on the basis of the density functional theory and the Landauer formula. We find that the density of states of Co atoms at the Co(2)MnSi/MgO(001) interface shifts toward the higher energy side due to the reduced symmetry, leading to a reduction of the spin polarization at the interface. Furthermore, we show that the majority-spin transmittance as a function of the in-plane wavevector [Formula: see text] has a broad peak centred at [Formula: see text] due to the tunnelling from the Δ(1) channel of Co(2)MnSi, while the transmittance from the Δ(5) channel is three orders of magnitude smaller than that of the Δ(1) channel.

Expression and localization of MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC and small intestinal mucin antigen in pancreatic tumors.

Alterations in the expression of mucin family members play an important role as well as alterations in oncogenes and onco-suppressor genes in carcinogenesis and progression of pancreatic cancer. We analyzed the expression and localization of MUC1, MUC2, MUC5AC and small intestinal mucin antigen (SIMA) in pancreatic tumors. MUC1 expression was observed in almost all samples, whereas MUC2 expression was not.

Screening and Field Trials of Virus Resistant Sources in Capsicum spp.

Thirty-seven Capsicum accessions containing cultivated and wild species were screened for resistance to Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), and were also investigated for their response to Tomato aspermy virus (TAV), Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV), Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV), and Tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). C. baccatum PI 439381-1-3 (PI 439381-1-3), C.

Gasless laparoscopic hepatic resection for cirrhotic patients with solid liver tumors.

Gasless laparoscopic hepatic resection with a 5-cm minilaparotomy was performed in 10 cirrhotic patients with small liver tumors. To maintain good visualization and working space during hepatic resections, we developed a simple retraction system. Mean operative time and blood loss were 291 minutes and 249 mL, respectively.