Subclavian steal syndrome in a hemodialysis patient after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty of arteriovenous access.

Introduction: We describe a hemodialysis patient who developed subclavian steal syndrome via an arteriovenous fistula after percutaneous transluminal angioplasty.

Case Description: A 55-year-old female with end-stage renal failure due to polycystic kidney disease had been treated with hemodialysis for 10 years. Because of an autologous arteriovenous fistula stenosis, percutaneous transluminal angioplasty was performed.

Efficacy of continuous oral administration of lanthanum carbonate over 24 months.

To examine the efficacy of long-term administration of lanthanum carbonate, changes in serum Ca, phosphate, whole parathyroid hormone (wPTH), and ALP were examined in 40 patients who were able to tolerate dosage of lanthanum carbonate over a continuous period of 24 months. Concurrently, concomitant administration of other phosphate binders, cinacalcet, vitamin D, etc., was also examined.

Elimination of lipid peroxide during hemodialysis.

Background/aims: This study is aimed to show the antioxidative effect of hemodialysis (HD) by demonstrating the elimination of toxic lipid peroxides.

Methods: Blood samples were obtained from patients on regular maintenance HD before and 15, 30, 60, 120 and 240 min after the start of each HD session. Plasma cholesteryl ester hydroperoxide (CE-OOH), phosphatidylcholine hydroperoxide (PC-OOH), and eliminators of lipid peroxides (LOOH) such as apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I) and lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) were investigated.

Oxidative stress during leukocyte absorption apheresis.

Leukocyte absorption apheresis absorbs leukocytes to the apheresis columns involving leukocyte activation. This process is regarded as bioincompatible and avoided in hemodialysis or other extracorporeal circulation processes. Thus, leukocyte apheresis has a potential risk to exacerbate in vivo oxidative stress.