Background/aim: Measures to control adverse events (AEs) in the use of oral multi-kinase inhibitors (OMI) are important for the continuation of treatment.
Patients And Methods: In this study, oncology pharmacists monitored symptoms of patients receiving outpatient therapy with OMIs in real-time using a smartphone Web app for the early detection/early treatment of AEs. This feasibility study evaluated the effects of using the app in 10 patients compared with data from 10 patients who did not use the app.
Histiocytic sarcoma (HS) is a rare aggressive hematological malignancy reported to occur secondary to B cell lymphoma. We report a case of HS secondary to splenic marginal zone lymphoma (SMZL) complicated by autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA) in a 64-year-old man. He was referred to our department with anemia and was diagnosed as having AIHA.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Fluoropyrimidine-based postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is globally recommended for high-risk stage II and stage III colon cancer. However, adjuvant chemotherapy is often associated with severe adverse events and is not highly effective in preventing recurrence. Therefore, discovery of novel molecular biomarkers of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy to identify patients at increased risk of recurrent colorectal cancer is warranted.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMouse spermatogenesis, from spermatogonial stem cell proliferation to sperm formation, can be reproduced in vitro by culturing testis tissue masses of neonatal mice. However, it remains to be determined whether this method is also applicable when testis tissues are further divided into tiny fragments, such as segments of the seminiferous tubule (ST), a minimal anatomical unit for spermatogenesis. In this study, we investigated this issue using the testis of an Acrosin-GFP/Histone H3.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFManagement of the ischial fragment in acetabular fractures is a considerable problem. In this report, we presented how to drill or screw around the posterior column and ischium from the anterior approach using a novel 'sleeve guide technique' and the difficulty of plating. A sleeve, drill, depth gauge and driver from DepuySynthes were prepared.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe safety of osimertinib is limited in patients with severe or moderate renal impairment, or low body weight. This study aimed to investigate the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK) and recommended dose (RD) of osimertinib in patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with impaired renal function and low body weight. Thirty-one eligible patients were enrolled and allocated into four cohorts: A, normal renal function (estimated glomerular filtration rate [eGFR] ≥ 50 mL/min/1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjectives: The dosing pattern of pembrolizumab is based on population pharmacokinetic (Pop-PK) analysis of clinical trials. Data for Japanese patients or patient populations with poor conditions such as cachexia are scarce. In this study, we performed a Pop-PK analysis of Japanese non-small cell lung cancer patients and analyzed the relationship between exposure, treatment effect, and survival.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFDNA methylation, repressive histone modifications, and PIWI-interacting RNAs are essential for controlling retroelement silencing in mammalian germ lines. Dysregulation of retroelement silencing is associated with male sterility. Although retroelement silencing mechanisms have been extensively studied in mouse germ cells, little progress has been made in humans.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Aprepitant is used with dexamethasone and 5-HT receptor antagonists as an antiemetic treatment for chemotherapy, including cisplatin. Aprepitant is a substrate of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A4 and is known to cause its inhibition and induction. In addition, dexamethasone is a CYP3A4 substrate that induces CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 expression.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFEpigenome research has employed various methods to identify the genomic location of proteins of interest, such as transcription factors and histone modifications. A recently established method called CUT&Tag uses a Protein-A Tn5 transposase fusion protein, which cuts the genome and inserts adapter sequences nearby the target protein. Throughout most of the CUT&Tag procedure, cells are held on concanavalin A (con A)-conjugated magnetic beads.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: To report a case of second-degree atrioventricular block associated with concomitant use of aprepitant and amlodipine.
Case: A 73-year-old man with lung cancer was treated with aprepitant for prophylactic use for the prevention of nausea and vomiting, concomitantly with cisplatin, gemcitabine, and an investigational drug (anti-epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibody). He was diagnosed with first-degree atrioventricular block and was taking amlodipine for hypertension.
Post-transplantation cyclophosphamide (PTCy) is a new method to prevent graft-versus-host disease after allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation. Although the use of dexamethasone is recommended as prophylaxis against chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) for patients who receive high-dose cyclophosphamide, corticosteroids cannot be used during PTCy administration to exploit depletion of alloreactive T cells. Thus, CINV may not be adequately controlled in this situation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Fluoropyrimidine plus platinum, followed by paclitaxel (PTX) plus ramucirumab is a recommended treatment strategy for advanced gastric cancer (AGC). We investigated how peripheral neuropathy (PN), induced by platinum in first-line chemotherapy, affected the tolerability of second-line chemotherapy with PTX (2nd-PTX).
Methods: The subjects were AGC patients who received second-line chemotherapy with PTX (2nd-PTX) after the failure of platinum-based chemotherapy between March 2015 and June 2018.
This study determined individual optimal amrubicin doses for Japanese patients with lung cancer after platinum-based treatment. We carried out population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic modeling incorporating gene polymorphisms of metabolizing enzymes and transporters. Fifty patients with lung cancer, who were given 35-40 mg/m amrubicin on days 1-3 every 3-4 weeks, were enrolled.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFGonocyte-to-spermatogonia transition is a critical fate determination process to initiate sperm production throughout the lifecycle. However, the molecular dynamics of this process has not been fully elucidated mainly due to the asynchronized differentiation stages of neonatal germ cells. In this study, we employed single cell RNA sequencing analyses of P1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Single-dose i.v. fosaprepitant has been approved as an alternative to 3 day oral aprepitant, a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, and improves prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFOrgan culture experiments can be hampered by central degeneration or necrosis due to the inadequate permeation of oxygen and nutrients, which deteriorates the function and growth of cultured tissues. In the current study, we aimed to overcome this limitation of organ culture through spreading the tissue two dimensionally on an agarose gel stand and molding into a disc shape by placing a ceiling of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chip, which is highly oxygen permeable. By this, every part of the tissue can receive a sufficient supply of oxygen through PDMS as well as nutrients through the agarose gel below.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe question of whether retained histones in the sperm genome localize to gene-coding regions or gene deserts has been debated for years. Previous contradictory observations are likely caused by the non-uniform sensitivity of sperm chromatin to micrococcal nuclease (MNase) digestion. Sperm chromatin has a highly condensed but heterogeneous structure and is composed of 90%∼99% protamines and 1%∼10% histones.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) is a major side effect of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD). Regional cooling during PLD infusion was shown to improve severe HFS. We investigated the utility of frozen gloves and socks (FGS) as a simpler cooling method.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground To determine the feasibility and efficacy of olanzapine, which is approved by the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency as multi acting receptor targeted antipsychotic agent of the thienobenzodiazepine class, for prevention of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) in patients undergoing continuous five-day chemotherapy. Patients and methods This study was a prospective dose escalation study at a single center (UMIN ID: UMIN000015386). Patients received a combination of adriamycin and ifosfamide (AI) or a combination of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFPurpose: Weekly dose-dense paclitaxel (PTX) in combination with carboplatin (CBDCA) every 3 weeks (ddTC therapy) is a standard treatment for patients with advanced ovarian cancer. However, there is no detailed analysis of the feasibility of ddTC therapy in elderly patients with ovarian cancer.
Methods: We identified patients diagnosed with ovarian, fallopian tube, or peritoneal cancer who received ddTC therapy at the National Cancer Center Hospital from April 2003 to April 2013.
Objective: Ifosfamide (IFO) is considered an essential drug for the treatment of pediatric, adolescent and young adult patients with solid tumors. Hemorrhagic cystitis (HC) is one of the dose-limiting toxicity of IFO. However, there are insufficient evidence for risk factor and supportive care of IFO-induced HC.
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