Prognostic value of grey-white matter ratio obtained within two hours after return of spontaneous circulation in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest survivors: A multicenter, observational study.

Background: Grey-white matter ratio (GWR) measured by head computed tomography (CT) scan is known as a neurological prognostication tool for out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) survivors. The prognostic value of GWR obtained early (within two hours after return of spontaneous circulation [ROSC]) remains a matter of debate.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, retrospective, observational study at five hospitals.

Prognostic performance of gray-white matter ratio in adult out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients after receiving extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Background: Gray-to-white matter ratio (GWR), measured by computed tomography (CT), is commonly used to predict poor neurological outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA). The prognostic performance of GWR in OHCA patients receiving extracorporeal cardiopulmonary resuscitation (ECPR) is not known.

Methods: This study is a secondary analysis of data from the SAVE-J II registry, a retrospective, multicenter study.

Association between signs of life and survival in traumatic cardiac arrest patients: A nationwide, retrospective cohort study.

Background: The clinical impact of signs of life (SOLs) in traumatic cardiac arrest (TCA) remains to be elucidated. The aim of this study was to examine the association between SOLs and survival/neurological outcomes in TCA patients.

Methods: Retrospective data from the Japan Trauma Data Bank (2019-2021) was reviewed.

Collapse-related traumatic intracranial hemorrhage following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: A multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Background: Sudden loss of consciousness as a result of cardiac arrest can cause severe traumatic head injury. Collapse-related traumatic intracranial hemorrhage (CRTIH) following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) may be linked to poor neurological outcomes; however, there is a paucity of data on this entity. This study aimed to investigate the frequency, characteristics, and outcomes of CRTIH following OHCA.

A Seat Belt Injury Causing a Large Breast Hematoma: A Case Report.

Seat belts with shoulder restraints have decreased the frequency of life-threatening severe chest trauma caused by car accidents. However, the introduction of seat belt legislation has led to an increase in a specific pattern of blunt trauma known as seat belt syndrome, which includes rib, clavicle, spine, and sternum fractures, as well as rupture of hollow pelvic and abdominal viscera, mesenteric tears, and major vessel injuries. The shoulder restraint part of the three-point seat belt commonly rests near or over the female and male breast.

Successfully treated case of severe hypothermia secondary to myxedema coma.

Background: Myxedema coma is an extremely rare but fatal endocrine emergency that requires urgent recognition and treatment. We describe a case of severe hypothermia that rapidly deteriorated to cardiac arrest that was attributed to myxedema coma.

Case Presentation: A 52-year-old man without a history of hypothyroidism was transferred to our emergency department due to coma and profound hypothermia.

The Impact of Medical Students Teaching Basic Life Support to Laypersons.

Basic life support (BLS) courses for laypersons, including cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training, is known to improve outcomes of out-of-hospital cardiac events. We asked medical students to provide BLS training for laypersons as a part of their emergency medicine education and evaluated the effects of training on the BLS skills of laypersons. We also used a questionnaire to determine whether the medical students who provided the BLS training were themselves more confident and motivated to perform BLS compared to students who did not provide BLS training.

Carbon monoxide poisoning during pregnancy treated with hyperbaric oxygen.

Acute carbon monoxide (CO) intoxication during pregnancy causes fetal death and teratogenic effects. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy has the potential to improve them. HBO2 therapy should be considered to treat CO intoxication during pregnancy.

Burnout of Healthcare Workers amid the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Japanese Cross-Sectional Survey.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) global pandemic has drastically changed how we live and work. Amid the prolonged pandemic, burnout of the frontline healthcare professionals has become a significant concern. We conducted a cross-sectional survey study to provide data about the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic and the prevalence of burnout in healthcare professionals in Japan.

Epileptic Seizure from Ginkgo Nut Intoxication in an Adult.

The ginkgo tree is a well-known, highly adaptable urban plant. Ginkgo nuts are the product of the ginkgo tree. Interior ginkgo nuts are cooked and served in Asian countries; however, the potential toxicity of the gingko nuts is not commonly known.

Caffeine Intoxication in Pregnancy; a case Report.

Although fatalities due to caffeine intoxication are uncommon, a caffeine overdose may cause profound toxicity, resulting in tachycardia, arrhythmia, convulsions, vomiting, coma, and possibly death. In particular, high caffeine consumption while pregnant can cause increased fetal catecholamine levels, which could lead to increased fetal heart rate and placental vasoconstriction and impair fetal oxygenation. Therefore, caffeine intoxication in pregnant women should be treated immediately.

Emphysematous cystitis successfully treated with hyperbaric oxygen therapy: case report.

Emphysematous cystitis is an uncommon acute infection of the underlying bladder musculature and mucosa, caused by gas-producing organisms. Here we describe an 87-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus and emphysematous cystitis who was successfully treated with hyperbaric oxygen (HBO2) therapy. Her predisposition of diabetes and infection with gas-producing bacteria was considered to precede the development of emphysematous cystitis.

Ictal Cardiorespiratory Arrest Associated with Status Epilepticus in Panayiotopoulos Syndrome.

A healthy 10-year-old boy vomited during sleep and later complained of abdominal pain; he became drowsy and uncommunicative. At the nearby hospital E.R.

Portal Venous Gas Following Ingestion of Hydrogen Peroxide Successfully Treated with Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy.

The primary toxicity of hydrogen peroxide results from its interaction with catalase, which liberates water and oxygen. We report the case of a 14-year-old Japanese girl with portal venous gas that was caused by oxygen liberated from intentionally ingested hydrogen peroxide. Although she had a past history of atrial septal defect, recovery without cardiac or neurological sequelae was achieved using hyperbaric oxygen therapy.

Cushing's sign and severe traumatic brain injury in children after blunt trauma: a nationwide retrospective cohort study in Japan.

Objective: We tested whether Cushing's sign could predict severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) requiring immediate neurosurgical intervention (BI-NSI) in children after blunt trauma.

Design: Retrospective cohort study using Japan Trauma Data Bank.

Setting: Emergency and critical care centres in secondary and tertiary hospitals in Japan.

Traumatic Globe Luxation with Complete Optic Nerve Transection Caused by Heavy Object Compression.

Traumatic eyeball luxation is a rare clinical condition with a dramatic presentation. Here, we describe a unique case of traumatic globe luxation and complete optic nerve transection caused by heavy object compression. A 45-year-old male automobile mechanic was injured when a truck slipped from its supports, crushing his head and face.

Occult Sources of Bleeding in Blunt Trauma : A Narrative Review.

Worldwide, hemorrhagic shock in major trauma remains a major potentially preventable cause of death. Controlling bleeding and subsequent coagulopathy is a big challenge. Immediate assessment of unidentified bleeding sources is essential in blunt trauma patients with hemorrhagic shock.