Fine structural criteria for pituitary thyrotrophs in immature and mature rats.

Fine structural criteria for identifying thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) cells in immature and mature rats have been studied by a modified superimposition technique. On days 10 and 20, some small oval immature TSH cells are scattered individually throughout the glandular tissue with a peripheral immunoreactive rim resulting from the sparse distribution of minute secretory granules less than 50 nm in diameter. The immunostained stellate TSH cells are clustered and have secretory granules 50-100 nm in diameter at the cell margins.

Permeability of Pseudomonas aeruginosa outer membrane to hydrophilic solutes.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is usually resistant to a wide variety of antibacterial agents, and it has been inferred, on the basis of indirect evidence, that this was due to the low permeability of its outer membrane. We determined the permeability of P. aeruginosa outer membrane directly, by measuring the rates of hydrolysis of cephacetrile, cephaloridine, and various phosphate esters by hydrolytic enzymes located in the periplasm.

Immunohistochemical and electron microscopical studies of mitotic adenohypophysial cells in different ages of rats.

Mitotic rates of the six types of immunohistochemically identifiable adenohypophysial cells were histometrically calculated in colchicine-pretreated male rats 5, 17, 30 and 70 days old. Sections were stained with the antisera against rLH, rFSH, rTSH, oGH, rPRL and pACTH1-39. The mitotic growth rate of the anterior pituitary gland at 30 days of age was much higher than at other times.

Identification of a DNA fragment from a molecularly cloned mink cell focus-inducing murine leukemia virus specific for xenotropic virus-related sequences.

Molecular clones of closed circular DNA molecules of a mink cell focus-inducing murine leukemia virus (MCF-13 MuLV) were generated. Closed circular DNA molecules isolated from a Hirt extraction of recently infected NIH/3T3 cells were inserted at their unique EcoRI site into lambda gtWES.lambda B.

Fine structural criteria of prolactin cells identified immunohistochemically in the male rat.

Immunoreactive prolactin (PRL) cells in the adult male rat pituitary were observed by light microscopy to be scattered throughout the gland without special localization but sometimes to form small clusters consisting of five to ten cells. The cells had oval, polygonal, and cuplike shapes. Using the "superimposition technique," the fine structural properties of the PRL cells were examined on ultrathin sections just adjacent to the thick plastic section for immunostaining.

Interaction of vanadate with membrane-bound ATPase from Mycobacterium phlei.

Vanadate inhibited the formation of proton gradient and membrane potential as well as Ca2+ transport by everted membrane vesicles from Mycobacterium phlei, with half-maximal inhibition occurring at 5 to 14 microM. That this is due to the inhibition of the proton-translocating ATPase was suggested by the observation that the inhibition described above occurred only when the processes were driven by the hydrolysis of ATP but not when energized by the oxidation of succinate and NADH. Furthermore, vanadate did indeed inhibit ATP hydrolysis by these membrane vesicles.

Lack of AKR ecotropic provirus amplification in AKR leukemic thymuses.

A DNA fragment from the 3' region of a molecularly cloned AKR ecotropic provirus was identified to be specific for the AKR ecotropic murine leukemia virus (MuLV). This selected DNA fragment was used to analyze the integrated MuLV proviruses in normal and leukemic tissue DNAs of AKR mice. In comparison with a DNA fragment from the 5' region of the cloned AKR genome or one representing the entire genome, this selected probe hybridized to only a few MuLV proviruses.

Four Moloney murine leukemia virus-infected rat cell clones producing replication-defective particles: protein and nucleic acid analyses.

Four cloned rat cell lines (NX-1 to -4) infected with Moloney murine leukemia virus and defective in virus replication were found to be all different by viral protein and nucleic acid analyses. All four clones produced noninfectious particles and, except for NX-2, at about the same level as wild type. Compared with wild-type virions these defective particles contained larger amounts of gag precursor proteins and very little or no p30 or p15.

Immunohistochemical study of the postnatal development of pituitary thyrotrophs in the rat, with special reference to cluster formation.

The postnatal development of rat pituitary thyrotrophs was investigated immunohistochemically on days 1, 3, 5, 10, 15 and 25. Fetal thyrotrophs are strongly immunoreactive. In the postnatal period, however, weakly immunoreactive thyrotrophs increase in number to constitute clusters on days 3--5.

Fine structural criteria for identifying rat corticotrophs.

The fine structural characteristics of normal rat corticotrophs stained with anti-porcine ACTH1-39 serum were studied. At the ultrastructure level immunoreactive corticotrophs appear to comprise four distinct cell types: (1) large stellate cells (Siperstein cells) containing granules (170-250 nm in diameter) arranged in a peripheral row and usually embracing an acidophil; (2) elongate spindle-shaped cells (Moriarty cells) in which the secretory granules (170-250 nm in diameter) are distributed in a row or in small clusters in the peripheral cytoplasm: (3) oval or polygonal cells filled only with small secretory granules (130-170 nm in diameter), resembling the "acidophil of small granules type" (Yoshimura et al. 1974); and (4) polygonal or stellate cells filled with secretory granules of varying diameters (180-300 nm in diameter) and occasionally embracing an acidophil.

A whole range of fine structural criteria for immunohistochemically identified LH cells in rats.

Pituitaries from normal, young and adult male rats were fixed either in sublimate-formalin or in glutaraldehyde-osmium. In adjacent Paraplast sections, almost all the gonadotrophs were immunostained with both LH and FSH antisera. The rat LH beta and FSH antisera used were shown to be highly specific by the absorption test and by double antibody radioimmunoassay.

Acetate kinase in the genus Veillonella: effect of succinate, serological cross-reactivity, and separation by electrophoresis.

Acetate kinases from the genus Veillonella were divided into two types: a succinate-stimulated enzyme and a succinate-independent enzyme. Three strains, V. parvula ATCC 17743 (antigenic group II), V.

Various types of the pituitary folliculo-stellate cells involving the Siperstein's corticotroph in the normal rats.

The differentiation of the folliculo-stellate (F-S) cells was electronmicroscopically investigated in the normal male adult rats from the Wistar, Wistar-Imamichi, Holzmann, Spraque-Dowley and Donryu strains. The F-S cells may be divided into the five types according to the granulation. Each type is, however, provided with the common characteristic features, i.

Immunohistochemical characterization of pituitary stellate cells in rats.

Pituitary stellate cells from the normal adult male rats were immunohistochemically investigated at the light microscopical level by the use of rat TSH-beta, porcine ACTH1-39, porcine ACTH17-39, rat FSH and ovine FSH antisera. They were characterized by the stellate shape and a mimic engulfment of acidophils. In the present study, they were identified to be the ACTH cells but some were TSH cells.

Prolactin immunoreactivity of acidophils of the small granule type.

The fine structure of some oval anterior pituitary cells of the adult male rats immunostained with an antiserum to rat prolactin was investigated electron microscopically on the adjacent thin sections. Their fine structural appearance is identical with that of acidophils of the small granule type (Yoshimura et al. 1974) resembling the Kurosumi-Oota LH gonadotrophs.

In vitro synthesis of a 9 kbp terminally redundant DNA carrying the infectivity of Moloney murine leukemia virus.

Detergent-disrupted virions of Moloney murine leukemia virus synthesize a 9 kbp double-stranded infectious DNA. It contains mainly full-length, single-stranded DNA, and its infectivity and size are insensitive to digestion by the single-strand-specific S1 nuclease. Analysis of fragmentation of the DNA using restriction endonucleases has shown that it is indistinguishable from the linear double-stranded DNA synthesized in infected cells.