Common and specific risk factors for ischemic stroke in elderly: Differences based on type of ischemic stroke and aging.

Background: The risk factors among the types of ischemic stroke (atherothrombotic cerebral infarction: ATI, cardio-embolic infarction: CEI, lacunar infarction: LI) in aged stroke patients have rarely been compared to each other.

Methods: We compared the clinical parameters of 300 elderly patients with ischemic stroke, age 65-98years, to 100 age-matched control patients.

Results: Comparison by parametric test and logistic regression analysis between all 300 and 100 control patients showed higher systolic and diastolic blood pressures (p<0.

Evaluation of Intracranial Microvessel Visualization in Mouse and Dog Models by Using a New Rotating Cerium Anode X-ray System.

Objective: Lacunar stroke may be caused by infarction of small perforating branches of the middle cerebral artery. We developed a microangiographic X-ray system using a cerium anode to evaluate the perforating branches.

Methods: Iodine has K-edges at 33.

A rotating cerium anode X-ray system allows visualization of intramural coronary vessels after cardiac stem cell therapy for myocardial infarction.

Conventional angiography is insufficient for evaluating the therapeutic effect of cardiac regeneration therapy. A microangiographic X-ray system using a cerium anode was developed. Cerium has a characteristic X-ray with a peak at 34.

The vital prognosis of elderly adults living in a group home in their mid-eighties.

The purpose of the present study is to evaluate the vital prognoses of elderly people in their mid-eighties living in a group home (GH) compared to age- and sex-matched outpatient clinic (OPC) in an observational study conducted over 6 years. We investigated the association between mortality and general, cardiac, and nutritional parameters, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in 54 GH residents (83 ± 8 years old) and 57 OPC attendees (83 ± 5 years old). Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard ratio analyses were used to assess the association between EPA drug administration and mortality in the GH residents and OPC attendees, respectively.

Nutrition-dependent eicosapentaenoic acid deficiency in care house residents.

Objective: We have identified that vital prognosis of adults in a group home (GH) in their mid-80s is associated with lower eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) levels. We investigated the cause of EPA deficiency in residents in a GH and the effect of EPA treatment on cardiac function and nutritional function in 130 older adults.

Methods: We compared blood chemistry data among three age- and sex-matched groups-outpatient clinic (OPC) attendees (n = 54, 87 ± 5 y old), GH residents (n = 40, 85 ± 8 y old), and older adults in a geriatric welfare home for the elderly (GWHE) (n = 36, 87 ± 6 y old)-using non-parametric test.

Altered blood flow in cerebral perforating arteries of rat models of diabetes: A synchrotron radiation microangiographic study toward clinical evaluation of white matter hyperintensities.

Aim: As altered blood flow in the cerebral perforating arteries (PA) might be related to development of cerebral white matter hyperintensities, we examined whether the hemodynamic relationship of the PA and middle cerebral artery (MCA) is altered in rat models of diabetes, compared with normal rats and a rat model of sinoatrial denervation (blood pressure fluctuation model).

Methods: We used microangiography with monochromatic synchrotron radiation to measure the diameters of the PA and MCA at 4.5 μm resolution in five groups of rats: (i) Long-Evans Tokushima Otsuka (LETO); (ii) Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (a model of type 2 diabetes with obesity); (iii) LETO with sinoaortic denervation (LETO + SAD); (iv) F344; and (v) F344 + streptozotocin (a model of type 1 diabetes).

Severity of white matter hyperintensities in older adults aged in their mid 80s and its relationship with hemodynamic and cardiac parameters.

Aim: In the present study, we analyzed the severity of white matter hyperintensities detected on magnetic resonance imaging of the brain in older Japanese adults who were aged in their mid 80s, and examined its relationships with the clinical parameters.

Methods: To identify factors related to the severity of white matter hyperintensities in 33 older adult attendees of our outpatient clinic and 17 older adults living in a group home, we carried out logistic regression analyses and/or correlation analyses.

Results: Cognitive function and activities of daily living were significantly correlated with the severity of white matter hyperintensities.

Development of Fingertip Synchrotron Radiation Microangiography toward Clinical Prediction of Diabetic Microangiopathy.

Objectives: The spatial resolution of conventional angiographic systems is not enough to predict diabetic microangiopathy in arterioles (20-200 µm).

Methods: To determine whether fingertip synchrotron (SR) radiation microangiography has enough spatial resolution to quantitate arteriolar diameter changes, and whether an arteriolar paradoxical vasoconstriction is a characteristic observation for diabetic microangiopathy, diameter reduction as arteriolar branching and difference of the diameter changes induced by acetylcholine between control (n = 5) and diabetic rats (n = 5) were analyzed.

Results: Fingertip SR microangiography visualized the arterioles with a diameter range of 30-300 µm and demonstrated vascular diameter reduction as branching with a fixed ratio (r = 0.

Low plasma eicosapentaenoic acid concentration as a possible risk factor for intracerebral hemorrhage.

N-3 fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), prevent ischemic stroke. The preventive effect has been attributed to an antithrombic effect induced by elevated EPA and reduced arachidonic acid (AA) levels. However, the relationship between intracranial hemorrhage and N-3 fatty acids has not yet been elucidated.

Visualization of microvessels by angiography using inverse-Compton scattering X-rays in animal models.

The fundamental performance of microangiography has been evaluated using the S-band linac-based inverse-Compton scattering X-ray (iCSX) method to determine how many photons would be required to apply iCSX to human microangiography. ICSX is characterized by its quasi-monochromatic nature and small focus size which are fundamental requirements for microangiography. However, the current iCSX source does not have sufficient flux for microangiography in clinical settings.

Comparison of eicosapentaenoic acid concentrations in plasma between patients with ischemic stroke and control subjects.

Objective: ω-3 fatty acids, including eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), prevent ischemic stroke. However, the clinical importance of EPA for ischemic stroke and its subtype has not been fully elucidated.

Methods: In a cross-sectional study, we determined whether ω-3 fatty acids were predictive factors for ischemic stroke.

Neuroendoscopic basket dilation technique for the fenestration of the ventricular wall or intracranial cysts--technical note.

A basket dilation technique has been developed for fenestration of ventricular or cystic walls, using a basket type widely used in the urological field to collect renal or ureteric stones. This technique allows deep-seated structures to be visualized directly through the expanded basket during dilation and the thinnest part of ventricular wall to easily be pierced, cut, and dilated. Fine control can be exerted over expansion pressure through the hand piece directly connected to the basket tip.

[The usefulness of MRI around the tentorial incisura for determining the mechanism of brain stem injury: a case report].

We report a case of isolated brain stem injury caused by the tentorium cerebelli. A 17-year-old male was admitted to our hospital. Thirty minutes before admission, he was struck by another motorcycle while driving his own motorcycle.