Evaluation of the role of intraoperative frozen section and magnetic resonance imaging in endometrial cancer.

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of preoperative endometrial biopsy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of endometrial cancer compared with that of intraoperative frozen section.

Methods: This retrospective study included 264 patients who underwent surgery with intraoperative frozen section for endometrial cancer at our institution between 2014 and 2018. Diagnosis was determined by histologic type, grade, and myometrial invasion.

Prospective feasibility study of neoadjuvant dose-dense paclitaxel plus carboplatin with bevacizumab therapy followed by interval debulking surgery for advanced ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer patients.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the clinical benefit of dose-dense paclitaxel plus carboplatin (TC) with bevacizumab therapy for advanced ovarian, fallopian tube, and primary peritoneal cancer patients in the neoadjuvant setting.

Methods: Ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer patients with stage III-IV disease received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) every 3 weeks consisting of paclitaxel (80 mg/m) on days 1, 8, and 15; carboplatin (AUC 6.0 mg/mL × min.

Germline multigene panel testing revealed a pathogenic variant in a patient with suspected Lynch syndrome.

There has been a rapid advance in germline multigene panel testing by next-generation sequencing, and it is being widely used in clinical settings. A 56-year-old woman suspected of having Lynch syndrome was identified as a pathogenic variant carrier by multigene panel testing. The patient was diagnosed with endometrial cancer at the age of 39 years, and total laparoscopic hysterectomy and bilateral salpingectomy were performed at the age of 49 years; however, bilateral oophorectomy was not performed at that time.

Familial pancreatic cancer with PALB2 and NBN pathogenic variants: a case report.

Background: Family history is one of the risk factors for pancreatic cancer. It is suggested that patients with pancreatic cancer who have a familial history harbor germline pathogenic variants of BRCA1 and/or BRCA2 (BRCA1/2), PALB2, or ATM. Recently, some germline variants of familial pancreatic cancers (FPCs), including PALB2, have been detected.

A prospective cohort study on the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy in Japanese patients with relapsed ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer.

Objective: this prospective cohort study aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy in Japanese patients with relapsed ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer.

Methods: in this study, 40 Japanese patients with relapsed ovarian, fallopian tube or primary peritoneal cancer selected to receive bevacizumab with chemotherapy were enrolled. Patients in poor general condition were excluded.

Patient-derived ovarian cancer organoids capture the genomic profiles of primary tumours applicable for drug sensitivity and resistance testing.

The use of primary patient-derived organoids for drug sensitivity and resistance testing could play an important role in precision cancer medicine. We developed expandable ovarian cancer organoids in < 3 weeks; these organoids captured the characteristics of histological cancer subtypes and replicated the mutational landscape of the primary tumours. Seven pairs of organoids (3 high-grade serous, 1 clear cell, 3 endometrioid) and original tumours shared 59.

Establishment and characterization of a new malignant peritoneal mesothelioma cell line, KOG-1, from the ascitic fluid of a patient with pemetrexed chemotherapy resistance.

Malignant peritoneal mesothelioma (MPeM) is a rare and aggressive form of malignant mesothelioma. Sufficient biological tools for studying the functional characteristics of this cancer have not been developed. Therefore, in this study, a novel human cancer cell line, KOG-1, was established from ascites fluids isolated from a 39-year-old Japanese woman with pemetrexed-resistant MPeM.

Efficacy and safety of dose-dense paclitaxel plus carboplatin as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for advanced ovarian, fallopian tube or peritoneal cancer.

Objective: Interval debulking surgery (IDS) after neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) is currently one of the preferred treatment options for advanced ovarian, fallopian tube or peritoneal cancer. This study was conducted to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of dose-dense paclitaxel plus carboplatin therapy (ddTC therapy) as NAC for these cancers.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in 25 patients with Stage III/IV ovarian, fallopian tube or peritoneal cancer who received ddTC therapy as NAC.

Elevated preoperative neutrophil : lymphocyte ratio as a preoperative indicator of mature cystic teratoma with malignant transformation.

Aim: To examine the usefulness of the neutrophil : lymphocyte (N/L) ratio as a cost-effective and simple diagnostic marker of mature cystic teratoma (MCT) with malignant transformation (MT).

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed between 1998 and 2013 of 12 MCT patients with MT and between 2009 and 2013 of 130 patients with benign MCT. Data were collected on age, tumor size, white blood cell count with differential counts, tumor marker levels, and presenting features.

UGT1A1 polymorphism as a prognostic indicator of stage I ovarian clear cell carcinoma patients treated with irinotecan.

We investigated whether UGT1A1 polymorphisms are associated with the prognosis of ovarian cancer patients treated with irinotecan. UGT1A1 genotypes were analyzed in 11 stage I ovarian clear cell carcinoma patients who received irinotecan as first-line therapy. Progression-free survival, overall survival and adverse events were also assessed for each genotype.