Trajectories of Frailty and Clinical Outcomes in Older Adults With Atrial Fibrillation: Insights From the Shizuoka Kokuho Database.

Background: The increasing prevalence of frailty has gained considerable attention due to its profound influence on clinical outcomes. However, our understanding of the progression of frailty and long-term clinical outcomes in older individuals with atrial fibrillation remains scarce.

Methods: Using data from 2012 to 2018 from a comprehensive claims database incorporating primary and hospital care records in Shizuoka, Japan, we selected patients aged ≥65 years with atrial fibrillation who initiated oral anticoagulant therapy.

Administration of Tranexamic Acid After Burr Hole Craniotomy Reduced Postoperative Recurrence of Chronic Subdural Hematoma in a Japanese Regional Population.

Background: Although tranexamic acid (TXA) has occasionally been used to prevent postoperative recurrence of chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) after burr hole craniotomy (BC), robust evidence of its efficacy has been lacking.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of postoperative oral administration of TXA after BC for CSDH among the elderly.

Methods: This retrospective, propensity score-matched cohort study was carried out with a large Japanese local population-based longitudinal cohort in the Shizuoka Kokuho Database between April 2012 and September 2020.

Hydrochlorothiazide increases risk of nonmelanoma skin cancer in an elderly Japanese cohort with hypertension: The Shizuoka study.

Background: Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT), a widely used hypertensive drug, has photocarcinogenic potential, leading to concerns about the development of nonmelanoma skin cancers (SCs) after intake. Despite substantial numbers of observational studies, the results remain inconsistent especially among Asian countries.

Objective: To assess the incidence of nonmelanoma SCs in hypertensive Japanese HCT users compared with nonusers.

Frailty and subsequent adverse outcomes in older patients with atrial fibrillation treated with oral anticoagulants: The Shizuoka study.

Background: In older patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), frailty is frequently prevalent. However, the prognostic value of frailty for adverse events after initiation of oral anticoagulants (OACs) is unclear.

Objectives: We assessed whether frailty at the time of OAC initiation is associated with subsequent bleeding or embolic events.

Risk factors and drugs that trigger the onset of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis: A population-based cohort study using the Shizuoka Kokuho database.

Background: Evidence of factors associated with Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) from population-based studies is scarce.

Objective: We aimed to identify the incidence, risk factors, and drugs that trigger the development of SJS/TEN in the general population.

Methods: A regional, population-based, longitudinal cohort with 2,398,393 Japanese individuals was analyzed using the Shizuoka Kokuho Database from 2012 to 2020.

Persistence of tolvaptan medication for autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease: A retrospective cohort study using Shizuoka Kokuho Database.

Autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is a rare hereditary disease leading to end-stage renal failure in approximately half of patients by seventy years of age. It is important to continuously take tolvaptan to control disease progression. However, adherence to tolvaptan in a real-world setting, rather than randomized controlled trials (RCTs), has not been sufficiently reported.

Perspectives on rosacea patient characteristics and quality of life using baseline data from a phase 3 clinical study conducted in Japan.

There is a lack of contemporary data on rosacea originating in Japan. Using baseline data from a randomized, phase 3 study of 130 Japanese patients with rosacea treated with metronidazole gel (0.75%) or vehicle, the authors evaluated demographic and clinical characteristics, pretreatment quality of life, and exacerbating factors.

Long-term prognosis and clinical course of choking-induced cardiac arrest in patients without the return of spontaneous circulation at hospital arrival: a population-based community study from the Shizuoka Kokuho Database.

Background: The risk of choking increases with aging, and the number of cases of choking-induced cardiac arrest is increasing. However, few studies have examined the prognosis of choking-induced cardiac arrest. The aim of this study was to reveal the rates of survival and dependence on devices in the long term after choking-induced cardiac arrest.

A 1-Year Survey of Zoster-Associated Pain after Amenamevir Treatment.

Introduction: Amenamevir is a new anti-varicella-zoster virus drug that inhibits the helicase-primase complex involved in viral replication. Amenamevir has the same effect as valaciclovir on acute pain and skin eruption, but no studies have examined the presence of long-term zoster-associated pain (ZAP) or postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) after amenamevir treatment.

Methods: A total of 785 herpes zoster patients treated with amenamevir were followed up for 12 months.

A new susceptibility index to predict the risk of severe herpes zoster-associated pain: A Japanese regional population-based cohort study, the Shizuoka study.

Background: Approximately 7-20% of patients with herpes zoster (HZ) develop zoster-associated pain (ZAP). ZAP not only impairs quality of life and psychological well-being, but also can reduce work effectiveness, which has negative economic effects. Reports of ZAP risk factors are inconsistent.

Metronidazole gel (0.75%) in Japanese patients with rosacea: A randomized, vehicle-controlled, phase 3 study.

Topical metronidazole is not currently approved in Japan as a treatment for the indication of rosacea, although 0.75% metronidazole gel was authorized in 2014 for the management of cancerous skin ulcers. We conducted a randomized, double-blind, vehicle-controlled study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of 0.

Body mass index, functional disability and all-cause mortality in 330 000 older adults: The Shizuoka study.

Aim: A J-shaped association has been observed between body mass index (BMI) and all-cause mortality, but its relationship with functional disability is uncertain. We aim to clarify the association between BMI and functional disability, as well as all-cause mortality, by analyzing prefecture-wide annual health checkup data, and health and care insurance data.

Methods: The dataset analyzed in this study consisted of 332 405 community residents aged ≥65 years who subscribed to the National Health Insurance.

Clinical significance of the water retention and barrier function-improving capabilities of ceramide-containing formulations: A qualitative review.

A decrease in the ceramide content of the stratum corneum is known to cause dry and barrier-disrupted skin. In this literature review, the clinical usefulness of preparations containing natural or synthetic ceramides for water retention and barrier functions was evaluated. The PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Igaku Chuo Zasshi databases were searched using keywords such as "ceramide", "skincare products", "barrier + hydration + moisture + skin", and "randomized trial".

Late-onset development of psoriasis in Japan: a population-based cohort study.

Background: Evidence of factors associated with psoriasis from large population-based cohort studies is scarce.

Objective: We aimed to explore the risk factors of late-onset psoriasis.

Methods: This study included 487,835 Japanese participants aged 40-107 years, who were followed prospectively from 2012 to 2018 using individually linked databases between annual health checkups and medical claims.

Guideline for the diagnosis, treatment and long-term management of cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

Cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE) is an inflammatory, autoimmune disease encompassing a broad spectrum of subtypes including acute, subacute, chronic and intermittent CLE. Among these, chronic CLE can be further classified into several subclasses of lupus erythematosus (LE) such as discoid LE, verrucous LE, LE profundus, chilblain LE and Blaschko linear LE. To provide all dermatologists and rheumatologists with a practical guideline for the diagnosis, treatment and long-term management of CLE, this evidence- and consensus-based guideline was developed following the checklist established by the international Reporting Items for Practice Guidelines in Healthcare (RIGHT) Working Group and was registered at the International Practice Guideline Registry Platform.

Statin Exposure and Pancreatic Cancer Incidence: A Japanese Regional Population-Based Cohort Study, the Shizuoka Study.

Preclinical studies suggest that statins contribute to the prevention of pancreatic cancer; however, the results of epidemiologic studies are inconsistent. Furthermore, sufficient data are unavailable for the general population of Asia. Here, we conducted an observational study using a comprehensive patient-linked, longitudinal health insurance database comprising the records of 2,230,848 individuals residing in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, from April 2012 to September 2018.

Real-World Evidence of the Incidence of and Risk Factors for Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus and Hypothyroidism as Immune-Related Adverse Events Associated With Programmed Cell Death-1 Inhibitors.

Objective: The incidence of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and hypothyroidism as immune-related adverse events (irAEs) after programmed cell death-1 inhibitor (PD-1i) administration has not yet been sufficiently evaluated in a real clinical setting. To assess the incidence of T1DM and hypothyroidism among PD-1is and to identify the risk factors associated with hypothyroidism using a large claims database.

Methods: This cohort study used the Shizuoka Kokuho database in Japan from 2012 to 2018, including approximately 2.

Risk Factors for Pneumonia and Death in Adult Patients With Seasonal Influenza and Establishment of Prediction Scores: A Population-Based Study.

Background: Seasonal influenza remains a global health problem; however, there are limited data on the specific relative risks for pneumonia and death among outpatients considered to be at high risk for influenza complications. This population-based study aimed to develop prediction models for determining the risk of influenza-related pneumonia and death.

Methods: We included patients diagnosed with laboratory-confirmed influenza between 2016 and 2017 (main cohort, n = 25 659), those diagnosed between 2015 and 2016 (validation cohort 1, n = 16 727), and those diagnosed between 2017 and 2018 (validation cohort 2, n = 34 219).

2 Mutation-Associated Case with Blau Syndrome Triggered by BCG Vaccination.

We describe a patient who developed multiple granulomatous skin lesions after Bacille de Calmette et Guérin (BCG) vaccination without significant effect by topical corticosteroid, followed by painless cystic tumors on the bilateral knees and hands and inflammatory changes on ophthalmologic examination. A functional mutation in 2 was detected by a genetic analysis, and he was diagnosed as sporadic Blau syndrome. Since 2 acts as a sensor for the BCG component, it is possible that BCG vaccination may trigger granuloma formation in Blau syndrome patients with such genetic background.

Data Resource Profile of Shizuoka Kokuho Database (SKDB) Using Integrated Health- and Care-insurance Claims and Health Checkups: The Shizuoka Study.

Background: Analyzing real-world data, including health insurance claims, may help provide insights into preventing and treating various diseases. We developed a database covering Shizuoka Prefecture (Shizuoka Kokuho Database [SKDB]) in Japan, which included individual-level linked data on health- and care-insurance claims and health checkup results.

Methods: Anonymized claims data on health insurance (National Health Insurance [age <75 years] and Latter-Stage Elderly Medical Care System [age ≥75 years]), care insurance, subscriber lists, annual health checkups, and all dates of death were collected from 35 municipalities in Shizuoka Prefecture.