Transporter Associated With Antigen Processing (TAP) 1 Gene Polymorphisms and Risks of Urothelial Cell Carcinoma Among the Japanese Population.

Urothelial cell carcinoma is one of the costliest types of cancer because of its recurrence, lengthy course of therapy, and tendency to lead to further complications. Gene polymorphisms are one of many factors that are thought to cause the carcinogenesis of urothelial cell carcinoma. Two single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) 1 gene and their relationship with the risks of urothelial cell carcinoma in the Japanese population were examined in this study by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) for genotyping and statistical analysis.

Epidemiological Study of Metastatic Brain Tumors in Miyazaki Prefecture: A Regional 10-year Survey in Southern Japan.

Advances in cancer treatment have improved the survival of patients with cancer, with a concomitant increase in the proportion of patients with metastatic brain tumors (MBTs). In this study, we used cancer registries established in Japan after 2016 and available patient data by organ in order to conduct an accurate epidemiological study. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to report on the detailed epidemiological data on MBT at the prefectural level in Japan using the Miyazaki Brain Tumor Database and Miyazaki Cancer Registry.

The Relationship Between PD-1(rs2227981) and PD-L1(rs2890658) Polymorphisms and Urothelial Cell Carcinoma.

Background Urothelial cell carcinoma, which is believed to develop from the urothelium (transitional epithelium), is the most common aggressive tumor and accounts for the ten most prevalent cancers in the world. The risk factors for urothelial cell carcinoma are aging, smoking, gender, and genetic alternations. Programmed cell death1 (PD-1) has been widely described as a negative regulator of T-cells by sending inhibitory signals to the T-cell.

The Relationship Between CTLA-4 (-318 C/T) Polymorphism and Urothelial Cancer Carcinogenesis in Japanese Patients.

Background Urothelial cancer is one of the most common types of urinary system cancer and there are several factors that can influence its growth. One of the most prominent factors among these is genetics. The Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte Antigen-4 (CTLA-4) gene is suspected to be a susceptibility gene in urothelial carcinoma.

Socio-Demographic, Health, and Transport-Related Factors Affecting the COVID-19 Outbreak in Myanmar: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Introduction The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is a worldwide threat in many aspects, making developing countries with scarce primary health care and medical services more vulnerable. Evaluation of the relationship between the COVID-19 pandemic, sociodemographic variables, and medical services provides useful information to take countermeasures to stop the infection spread and could mitigate the damage. Therefore, this study investigated the relationship between the spread of COVID-19 and sociodemographic variables, medical services, and the transportation system in Myanmar.

polymorphisms and their association with prostate cancer risk in Japanese men.

Introduction: Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common cancers affecting men globally. Although PER3 has been suggested as a risk factor for cancer development, there are few reports elucidating the relationship between PER3 and PCa. We investigated the association between PER3 polymorphisms (rs2640908 and VNTR) and susceptibility to PCa in the Japanese population.

Trends, Spatial Disparities, and Social Determinants of DTP3 Immunization Status in Indonesia 2004-2016.

Although 91% of 12-23-month-old children in Indonesia received at least one immunization in 2013, only 76% completed DTP3 immunization. This percentage is below the UNICEF and WHO recommended standards. Thus, this study aims to investigate trends, spatial disparities, and social determinants related to low coverage of DTP3 immunization in Indonesia.

PER1 rs3027188 Polymorphism and its Association with the Risk of Colorectal Cancer in the Japanese Population.

Colorectal cancer(CRC)accounted for the largest number of new cases of cancer in 2018. CRC is caused by a multifactorial disease process including disruption of the circadian rhythm. Period 1(PER1),as one of the circadian genes,has a role in the cell cycle as well as influence on the cancer process.

Peripheral neuropathy induced by drinking water contaminated with low-dose arsenic in Myanmar.

Background: More than 140 million people drink arsenic-contaminated groundwater. It is unknown how much arsenic exposure is necessary to cause neurological impairment. Here, we evaluate the relationship between neurological impairments and the arsenic concentration in drinking water (ACDW).

Estimation of the effective reproduction number of influenza based on weekly reports in Miyazaki Prefecture.

In Japan, as part of surveillance for seasonal influenza, the number of patients per influenza sentinel site is counted on a weekly basis. Currently, reference values are set for the weekly reported number of influenza cases per sentinel, and pre-epidemic and epidemic warnings are issued based on these values. In this study, we examined the association between these reference values and the effective reproduction number (R) using surveillance data for Miyazaki Prefecture collected from 2010 to 2011.

Determinants of immunization status among 12- to 23-month-old children in Indonesia (2008-2013): a multilevel analysis.

Background: Immunization is one of the most cost-effective public health interventions to prevent children from contracting vaccine-preventable diseases. Indonesia launched the Expanded Program for Immunization (EPI) in 1977. However, immunization coverage remains far below the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) and World Health Organization (WHO) target of 80%.

[Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors, Sleeping Environment, for Allergic Diseases in Infant: Analysis of a Data Subset from the South Kyushu and Okinawa Study Area of Japan Environment and Children's Study].

Objectives: The incidence of infant allergic diseases have increased recently, and it may be caused by multiple influences of both genetic and environmental factors from the fetal stage through infancy. In this study, we analyzed a data subset from the South Kyushu and Okinawa (SKO) Study Area of Japan Environment and Children's Study (JECS) to determine the relationship of allergic diseases in infants with mothers' characteristics and/or infants' life habits, especially sleeping.

Methods: A total of 3873 mother-infant pairs from the SKO Regional Center of JECS were included.

Quantitative effects of a declaration of a state of emergency on foot-and-mouth disease.

Objectives: The law in Japan requires the declaration of a state of emergency and implementation of countermeasures for an epidemic of a new infectious disease. However, because a state of emergency has never been declared in Japan, its effects remain unknown. The required countermeasures are similar to those implemented in the foot-and-mouth disease epidemic in Miyazaki in 2010.

XPC intron11 C/A polymorphism as a risk factor for prostate cancer.

Objectives: DNA repair genes play an important role in protection against environmental and endogenous DNA damage, and constitute the first line of defense against cancer. Xeroderma pigmentosum complementation group C (XPC) is involved in the damage recognition step during nucleotide excision repair. The relationship between XPC intron11 C/A polymorphism and cancer risk has not been widely studied.

Media exposure, interactive health literacy, and adolescents' susceptibility to future smoking.

Background: Few studies have investigated interactive health literacy (IHL)'s relationship with adolescents' smoking-related behavior. This study investigated IHL's association with adolescents' susceptibility to future smoking.

Materials And Methods: We conducted a school-based cross-sectional study of Japanese students enrolled in public junior high school, grades 7-9 (n=1937), who completed a self-report questionnaire.

Shift-work disorder and sleep-related environmental factors in the manufacturing industry.

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between shift-work disorder (SWD) and environmental and somatic factors related to falling asleep among rapidly rotating shift workers in a manufacturing industry.A total of 556 male workers were recruited to complete a self-administered questionnaire regarding age, shift work experience, lifestyle, and family structure; the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS); the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI); and the Horne and Ostberg questionnaire, a questionnaire for environmental and somatic factors related to falling asleep. We classified workers according to having SWD or not, and compared workers with SWD with those without this disorder in terms of all items covered in the aforementioned questionnaires.

Possible production of arsenic hemoglobin adducts via exposure to arsine.

Objectives: Arsine is an arsenic compound generated as a by-product in metal refineries. Accidental poisoning occurs sporadically; however, the administrative level for workers has not been established. Thus, it is essential to identify a highly specific biomarker for risk management in the workplace.

The genotype of the transporter associated with antigen processing gene affects susceptibility to colorectal cancer in Japanese.

Objective: Although colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most frequent malignancies in Japan, the associated genetic factors remain to be elucidated. Functional loss of the transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP) 1 gene induces carcinogenesis. We investigated whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the TAP1 gene (rs735883) are associated with susceptibility to CRC in a Japanese population.

The impact of centralization of obstetric care resources in Japan on the perinatal mortality rate.

Objective. We investigated the effects of the centralization of obstetricians and obstetric care facilities on the perinatal mortality rate in Japan. Methods.

Increased plasma caveolin-1 levels are associated with progression of prostate cancer among Japanese men.

Aim: Up-regulation of caveolin-1 (CAV1) is associated with aggressive prostate cancer. Among Caucasian and African-American patients, plasma CAV1 levels are elevated in patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC), but not in those with hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (non-CRPC), which implies that CAV1 could be a therapeutic target for CRPC. Here, we evaluated associations between plasma CAV1 levels and these types of cancer in Japanese men, and CAV1 expression in PC3 (CRPC) and LNCaP (non-CRPC) cell lines.

Functional polymorphism in the CAV1 T29107A gene and its association with prostate cancer risk among Japanese men.

Aim: To evaluate the relationship between the Caveolin-1 (CAV1) T29107A (rs7804372) polymorphism and the risk of prostate cancer among Japanese populations, and the associations between CAV1 polymorphisms and clinicopathological characteristics, including Gleason grade and prostate-specific antigen (PSA) grade.

Materials And Methods: We recruited 134 patients with prostate cancer and 86 healthy controls matched for age and smoking status. The CAV1 T29107A polymorphism status was determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis.

ADRB3 polymorphism associated with BMI gain in Japanese men.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the Trp64Arg polymorphism in the beta3-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRB3: rs4994) and BMI and serological and anthropometric data in healthy Japanese.

Methods: Healthy Japanese recruited in a large-scale integrated manufacturing facility in Japan (N = 1355; age: 37.25 ± 9.