Inhibitory Effect of a Late Sodium Current Blocker, NCC-3902, on the Automaticity of the Guinea Pig Pulmonary Vein Myocardium.

The effect of blocking the persistent component of the sodium channel current (late I) on the automatic activity of the isolated guinea pig pulmonary vein myocardium was examined. NCC-3902 blocked late I, but did not affect other major ion channel currents stably expressed in cell lines. In isolated pulmonary vein cardiomyocytes, NCC-3902 blocked the late I induced by a ramp depolarizing voltage clamp pulse similar to that of the pacemaker depolarization observed in the pulmonary vein myocardium.

Electropharmacological Characterization of Aciclovir in the Halothane-Anesthetized Dogs: A Proposal of Evaluation Method for Cardiovascular Safety Pharmacology of Anti-virus Drugs.

Given limited information regarding the pathophysiology underlying aciclovir-associated, clinically observed cardiovascular adverse events including chest pain, tachycardia, bradycardia, palpitation, arrhythmia, hypertension and hypotension, we investigated its electropharmacological effects using the halothane-anesthetized beagle dogs. Aciclovir in doses of 2 and 20 mg/kg was sequentially infused over 10 min with an interval of 20 min (n = 4), which would achieve sub-therapeutic to supra-therapeutic levels of plasma concentrations. Aciclovir decreased the total peripheral vascular resistance along with the blood pressure in a dose-related manner, which increased the heart rate, ventricular contraction and atrioventricular nodal conduction speed probably via a reflex-mediated increase of sympathetic tone.

How the Deuteration of Dronedarone Can Modify Its Cardiovascular Profile: In Vivo Characterization of Electropharmacological Effects of Poyendarone, a Deuterated Analogue of Dronedarone.

Since deuterium replacement has a potential to modulate pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and toxicity, we developed deuterated dronedarone; poyendarone, and assessed its cardiovascular effects. Poyendarone hydrochloride in doses of 0.3 and 3 mg/kg over 30 s was intravenously administered to the halothane-anesthetized dogs (n = 4), which provided peak plasma concentrations of 108 ± 10 and 1120 ± 285 ng/mL, respectively.

Selection of target elements for laser-produced plasma soft x-ray sources.

We demonstrated the upper limitation to the number of shots, i.e., target lifetime, together with the number of photons emitted in the water-window soft x-ray spectral region from a number of targets used as sources in this spectral region, for multi-shot irradiation at the same position on the target surface.

Evaluation of a flat-field grazing incidence spectrometer for highly charged ion plasma emission in soft x-ray spectral region from 1 to 10 nm.

A flat-field grazing incidence spectrometer operating on the spectral region from 1 to 10 nm was built for research on physics of high temperature and high energy density plasmas. It consists of a flat-field grating with 2400 lines/mm as a dispersing element and an x-ray charged coupled device (CCD) camera as the detector. The diffraction efficiency of the grating and the sensitivity of the CCD camera were directly measured by use of synchrotron radiation at the BL-11D beamline of the Photon Factory (PF).

Interfacial water on hydrophobic surfaces recognized by ions and molecules.

Recent spectrophotometric and molecular dynamics simulation studies have shown that the physicochemical properties and structures of water in the vicinity of hydrophobic surfaces differ from those of the bulk water. However, the interfacial water acting as a separation medium on hydrophobic surfaces has never been detected and quantified experimentally. In this study, we show that small inorganic ions and organic molecules differentiate the interfacial water formed on the surfaces of octadecyl-bonded (C(18)) silica particles from the bulk water and the chemical separation of these solutes in aqueous media with hydrophobic materials can be interpreted with a consistent mechanism, partition between the bulk water phase and the interfacial water formed on the hydrophobic surface.