Relationship of body fat weight and body fat ratio determined by bioelectric impedance to serum adipocytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Various adipocytokines are closely associated with both obesity and insulin resistance. We investigated how body fat weight (BFW) and body fat ratio (BFR) affected serum adipocytokines in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: Studies were conducted in type 2 diabetic patients (n = 41) and age-matched healthy subjects (n = 18).

Changes in expression of T-helper (Th) 1- and Th2-associated chemokine receptors on peripheral blood lymphocytes and plasma concentrations of their ligands, interferon-inducible protein-10 and thymus and activation-regulated chemokine, after antithyroid drug administration in hyperthyroid patients with Graves' disease.

Objective: Although Graves' disease is considered an autoantibody-mediated, T-helper 2 (Th2)-dominant disease, Th1-dominance may prevail in its initial phase. We longitudinally investigated Th1/Th2 balance in untreated hyperthyroid patients with Graves' disease after treatment of methimazole (MMI), an antithyroid drug.

Design: University clinic outpatients were studied prospectively.

Profound reduction in T-helper (Th) 1 lymphocytes in peripheral blood from patients with concurrent type 1 diabetes and Graves' disease.

Type 1 diabetes likely is mediated by T-helper (Th) 1 lymphocytes, while Graves' disease may involve Th2 predominance. We investigated the balance between Th1 and Th2 cells and between Th1- and Th2-associated chemokine receptor expression on peripheral lymphocytes in subjects including patients with coexisting type 1 diabetes and Graves' disease. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of all subjects were examined by flow cytometry for intracellular cytokines (IFN-gamma for Th1; IL-4 for Th2) and expression of the chemokine receptors CXCR3 (Th1-associated) and CCR4 (Th2-associated).

The effect of low-dose atorvastatin on circulating monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by hyperlipidemia.

The effect of low-dose atorvastatin on various biomarkers was investigated in patients with type 2 diabetes complicated by hyperlipidemia. At 0 and 12 weeks in both the atorvastatin group (10 mg/d; n=17) and the no-drug group (n=10), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1, plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI)-1, and fibrinogen were measured. At baseline, the entire group of diabetic patients (n=27) had significantly higher values of hsCRP and fibrinogen compared with those in age-matched healthy subjects (n=29): 0.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers effectively and directly potentiate superoxide scavenging by polymorphonuclear leukocytes from patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II type 1 receptor blockers (ARBs) have potent antioxidant effects in addition to antihypertensive effects.

Methods: We investigated the ability of ACEIs and ARBs to enhance the superoxide scavenging ability of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNLs) from type 2 diabetic patients (n = 32) and healthy subjects (n = 32). The scavenging ability (U/10(3) cells) of superoxide was measured by electron spin resonance.