High threshold of total developmental quotient at 3 years for follow-up in extremely preterm infants.

Aim: To investigate the relationship between the developmental quotient (DQ) at age 3 years and the need for educational support at school age in extremely preterm infants.

Methods: A total of 176 infants with a gestational age of <28 weeks were analyzed. The total DQ and subscales were evaluated using the Kyoto Scale of Psychological Development (KSPD) test.

Correction: Treatment with silver nitrate versus topical steroid treatment for umbilical granuloma: A non-inferiority randomized control trial.

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.

Treatment with silver nitrate versus topical steroid treatment for umbilical granuloma: A non-inferiority randomized control trial.

Objective: The aim of this prospective multicenter randomized controlled trial was to compare the efficacy of silver nitrate cauterization against that of topical steroid ointment in the treatment of neonatal umbilical granuloma.

Methods: An open-label, non-inferiority randomized controlled trial was conducted from January 2013 to January 2016. The primary endpoint for the silver nitrate cauterization and topical steroid ointment groups was the healing rate after 2 weeks of treatment, applying a non-inferiority margin of 10%.

Three patients manifesting early infantile epileptic spasms associated with 2q24.3 microduplications.

Background: Recent development of genetic analyses enabled us to reveal underlying genetic causes of the patients with epileptic encephalopathy in infancy. Mutations of voltage-gated sodium channel type I alpha subunit gene (SCN1A) are to be causally related with several phenotypes of epilepsy, generalized epilepsy with febrile seizure plus (GEFS+), Dravet syndrome, and other infantile epileptic encephalopathies. In addition to SCN1A, contiguous genes such as SCN2A and SCN3A in 2q24.