Buccal Nerve Trunk Block Anesthetizes the Buccal Mucosa Beyond the Papilla of the Parotid Duct.

Purpose: The limited area of anesthesia of the buccal mucosa with concomitant conventional buccal nerve block (conventional BNB) may be involved in failed inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB). The aims of this study were to examine the extent of anesthesia by buccal nerve trunk block (BNTB) and compare the success rates of IANB with BNB.

Methods: This prospective parallel-group randomized single-blinded clinical trial included patients scheduled for removal of a mandibular third molar at the Nippon Dental University Hospital between September 2021 and March 2022.

Inferior Alveolar Nerve Block Using the Anterior Technique to Anesthetize Buccal Nerve and Improve Anesthesia Success Rates for Third Molar Extraction: A Randomized Controlled Trial and Magnetic Resonance Imaging Evaluation.

Purpose: The lack of anesthesia to the buccal nerve and an insufficient volume of anesthetic have been reported to be responsible for failed inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANBs) using the Halsted approach (conventional IANB). We aimed to determine the extent of anesthesia in the buccal nerve innervation area and evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of injecting a larger volume of anesthetic during IANB using the anterior approach (anterior technique) in the clinical setting and with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis.

Patients And Methods: The prospective randomized controlled trial included patients scheduled for removal of a mandibular third molar.

Thermophysical Properties of Thermosoftening Nasotracheal Tubes.

Thermosoftening treatment of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) nasotracheal tubes (NTTs) can reduce the incidence and amount of epistaxis during nasotracheal intubation. The optimal thermal setting for thermosoftening treatment of NTTs without burn injury was investigated. Two composite types of PVC NTTs were used.

Role of tube size and intranasal compression of the nasotracheal tube in respiratory pressure loss during nasotracheal intubation: a laboratory study.

Background: Small nasotracheal tubes (NTTs) and intranasal compression of the NTT in the nasal cavity may contribute to increasing airway resistance. Since the effects of size, shape, and partial compression of the NTT on airway resistance have not been investigated, values of airway resistance with partial compression of preformed NTTs of various sizes were determined.

Methods: To determine the factors affecting the respiratory pressure loss during the nasotracheal intubation, physical and fluid dynamics simulations were used.

Efficacy of intravenous sedation and oral nifedipine in dental implant patients with preoperative hypertension - a retrospective study of 516 cases.

Background: To examine the effects of intravenous sedation and oral nifedipine on blood pressure and pulse rate in patients with perioperative high blood pressure undergoing implant surgery, the clinical records of dental implant patients managed by intravenous sedation at our outpatient dental offices were retrospectively evaluated.

Methods: A total of 516 clinical charts were evaluated. The subjects were divided into two groups: a normotensive group with no history of hypertension and a hypertensive group with a history of hypertension.

Possible association between successful intubation via the right nostril and anatomical variations of the nasopharynx during nasotracheal intubation: a multiplanar imaging study.

Purpose: Most reported cases of nasopharyngeal laceration following impingement during nasotracheal intubation involved tube insertion via the right nostril. We postulated that recesses on the posterior wall of the nasopharynx might be associated with tube impingement. Using multiplanar imaging and clinical statistics, we evaluated whether anatomical variations in the recesses are related to successful intubation via the right nostril.

Roles of endotracheal tubes and slip joints in respiratory pressure loss: a laboratory study.

Purpose: The endotracheal tube (ETT) constitutes a significant component of total airway resistance. However, a discrepancy between measured and theoretical values has been reported in airway resistance through ETTs. The causes of the discrepancy were estimated by physical and rheological simulations.

Periodontal pathogens participate in synovitis in patients with rheumatoid arthritis in clinical remission: a retrospective case-control study.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the role of periodontal pathogens in RA in remission.

Methods: Twenty-one patients with active RA and 70 patients in clinical remission, including 48 patients with synovitis [US power Doppler (USPD)(+) group] and 22 patients without synovitis [USPD(-) group] were clinically assessed by US. CRP, ESR, haemoglobin, MMP-3, RF and ACPA were measured.

Fatal pulmonary embolism following spinal surgery in a patient with permanent inferior vena cava filter placement.

It has been proven that the use of an inferior vena cava filter (IVCF) is effective in decreasing the incidence of pulmonary embolism (PE) in high-risk spinal surgery patients. A case of fatal PE after spinal surgery in a 78-year-old woman who had a history of pulmonary hypertension due to peripheral PE treated with a permanent IVCF and anticoagulant therapy for 3 years is reported. The patient had experienced an episode of recurrent PE during the withdrawal of anticoagulants, but she had uneventfully undergone two orthopedic surgeries with a preoperative unfractionated heparin infusion instead of oral warfarin.

Antinociceptive action of carbamazepine on thermal hypersensitive pain at spinal level in a rat model of adjuvant-induced chronic inflammation.

Purpose: Systemic carbamazepine, a voltage-gated sodium channel blocker, has been reported to dose-dependently reduce inflammatory hyperalgesia. However, the antinociceptive effects of carbamazepine on the spinal cord in inflammatory conditions are unclear. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antinociceptive effects of carbamazepine on the spinal cord in a chronic inflammatory condition.

[Application of video laryngoscope for vocal cord synechiotomy in a patient with recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis].

Vocal cord synechia causes respiratory disturbance and severe pneumonia. A 63-year-old woman with recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis caused by translaryngeal intubation after resection of acoustic tumor and by thyroid surgery in her history and progressive dyspnea, had received vocal cord synechiotomy under general anesthesia. Preoperative endoscopic examination revealed edematous larynx, immobility of left unilateral vocal fold, insufficient mobility of right vocal fold, left arytenoid cartilage dislocation and a posterior glottic adhesion.

Tracheal intubation in a patient with undetectable tracheal narrowing on chest radiography.

We report here a 59-year-old man with a saber-sheath tracheal narrowing who was scheduled to undergo pharyngeal tumor resection under general anesthesia. The tracheal narrowing was not clearly detected by chest radiography during the preoperative examination, but it was visible on axial computed tomography (CT) images taken earlier for diagnostic purposes. Following fiber optic examination of the narrowed segment with the patient under anesthesia, the tube was inserted into the trachea using an Airway Scope.

Transient lower limb pain following accidental thoracic subarachnoid insertion of an epidural catheter.

Transient sensory disturbances, including dysesthesia or neurologic deficits in the lower extremities or buttocks have been described as complications of neuraxial anesthesia. We report a case of transient lower limb pain following the accidental placement of an epidural catheter into the thoracic subarachnoid space. A 31-year-old woman was scheduled to undergo laparoscopic myomectomy.

Suppression of the descending inhibitory pathway by continuous thoracic intrathecal lidocaine infusion reduces the thermal threshold of the tail-flick response in rats.

Purpose: For the suppression of descending inhibitory pathways in animals, single-dose lidocaine blockade is reversible and causes less damage than chronic spinal cord injury, decerebration, and cold blockade of the spinal cord. However, single-dose blockade has a variable onset and is relatively short-lived. To surmount these disadvantages, we devised a continuous thoracic intrathecal lidocaine infusion and evaluated its effects in rats.

Difficult laryngoscopy caused by massive mandibular tori.

Mandibular tori, defined as bony protuberances located along the lingual aspect of the mandible, are a possible cause of difficult intubation. We describe a case of mandibular tori that resulted in difficult intubation. A 62-year-old woman who had speech problems was diagnosed with mandibular tori, and was scheduled for surgical resection.

Three-dimensional CT image analysis of a tracheal bronchus in a patient undergoing cardiac surgery with one-lung ventilation.

The incidence of a tracheal bronchus--that is, a congenitally abnormal bronchus originating from the trachea or main bronchi--is 0.1%-2%. Serious hypoxia and atelectasis can develop in such patients with intubation and one-lung ventilation.

[Compression of a nasotracheal tube in the nasal cavity of a patient with craniofacial fibrous dysplasia].

A 42-year-old woman with craniofacial fibrous dysplasia underwent osteoplasty of maxillary and mandibular bone. Preoperative CT images showed osteosclerosis and ground glass appearance of the right side of the skull including the orbit, temporal bone, paranasal sinus, and maxillary and mandibular bones, as well as hypertrophy of the nasal septum. Inhalation anesthesia was induced and 8.

The effect of Sub-MAC anesthesia and the radiation setting on repeated tail flick testing in rats.

The tail flick (TF) response is regarded as a spinal reflex that is influenced by supraspinal structures. The TF test using radiant heat is the most common way to assess pain perception; however, there are few reports dealing with the heat source's properties and score consistency. This study examined the usefulness of light anesthesia for suppressing supraspinal signals and the effects of radiant heat on skin temperature during TF testing.

[How much should be done for better thromboprophyraxis?].

How much should be done for better managements of the perioperative thromboprophylaxis? In Japan, the guideline for prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) was established for the first time in February, 2004. Our academic medical center formed a committee for prevention of thrombosis for all departments using operating rooms in October, 2002 and began to make the database of symptomatic pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). From the end of September, 2003, we asked the surgeons to indicate the PTE risk grades when ordering surgical operations.

[Central hypotensive effect involving neurotransmitters of long-term administration of taurine to stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat].

Background: Taurine is an inhibitory neurotransmitter or neuromodulator that reduces blood pressure when systemically or centrally administered. We studied the central hypotensive effects of long-term oral taurine administration.

Methods: Arterial blood pressure was measured after delivering an intracisternal injection of 100 mg x 20 microl(-1) or 200 microg x 20microl(-1) of taurine in normal saline, or 20 micro1 normal saline to anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats.

[Alteration of neurotransmitters in the cerebrospinal fluid in SHRSP rats due to long-term administration of clonidine].

Background: Clonidine, an alpha2-adrenoreceptor and imidazoline L receptor agonist, is commonly used in the treatment of hypertension. We evaluated the central hypotensive effect of long-term oral administration of clonidine.

Methods: Clonidine was administered to stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRSP) of four to twenty weeks of age.

Transcutaneous cisternal puncture for sampling of cerebrospinal fluid in awake rat.

Reported cisternal puncture methods require the anesthetization and fixation of an animal within a stereotaxic frame. To determine the effect of anesthesia and animal fixation on the central nervous system (CNS), amino acid concentrations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) sampled by transcutaneous cisternal puncture were compared among awake rats, pentobarbital-anesthetized rats and pentobarbital-anesthetized rats fixed in a stereotaxic frame. Although the concentrations of many amino acids in the CSF of pentobarbital-anesthetized rats were lower than in awake rats, use of the stereotaxic frame resulted in significantly increased amino acid concentrations in the CSF.

[Spinal anesthesia in a patient with hemiparesis after poliomyelitis].

A seventy-year-old man who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TUR-P), had carried over the palsy after poliomyelitis inflicted at one year of age. Spinal anesthesia using with 7 mg of hyperbaric tetracaine with dextrose solution was performed for this surgery. The running pressure of D-sorbitol solution was 50 cmH2O during the operation.