Appearance time of blood in the brain as a possible indicator of oxygen extraction fraction: a feasibility study.

Background: Imaging examination of cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen extraction fraction (OEF), and metabolic rate of oxygen is crucial for understanding the normal functioning and pathophysiology of the brain. A recently developed method estimates the appearance time of cerebral blood (ATB) pixel-wise from the imaging examination of CBF alone. In this study, we aimed to test the potential of ATB as an indicator of OEF.

Preoperative evaluation of the segmental artery of left upper lobe by thin-section CT and 3d-CTA.

Purpose: Understanding pulmonary artery (PA) branches and their variations is crucial for successful lung resection. We aimed to evaluate the segmental PA branching pattern of the left upper lobe (LUL) using thin-section computed tomography (TSCT) images and 3D-CT angiography (3D-CTA).

Materials And Methods: This study included 108 patients who underwent CTA and left upper lobectomy.

Increased Uptake of 18 F-THK5351 in Isocitrate Dehydrogenase-Wildtype Glioblastoma But Not in Meningioma.

18 F-THK5351 demonstrates a strong binding affinity and selectivity for tau. However, off-target binding with monoamine oxidase-B enzyme, highly expressed in the outer mitochondrial membranes of astrocytes, is possible. In a case with isocitrate dehydrogenase-wildtype glioblastoma, 11 C-MET PET and 18 F-THK5351 PET exhibited increased uptake in the tumor.

Successful laparoscopic retroperitoneal tumor resection using mixed reality and guiding marker techniques.

Introduction: Small tumors may be difficult to identify visually and require preoperative effort to locate. Recent advancements in mixed reality technology have improved surgical accuracy in various departments. Here, we present the application of mixed reality-assisted surgery and a guiding marker in the case of small retroperitoneal metastasis of uterine cancer.

Relationship between multi-pool model-based chemical exchange saturation transfer imaging, intravoxel incoherent motion MRI, and C-methionine uptake on PET/CT in patients with gliomas.

Purpose: Magnetization transfer ratio asymmetry (MTRasym) analysis is used for chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) in patients with gliomas; however, this approach has limitations. CEST imaging using a multi-pool model (MPM) may allow a more detailed assessment of gliomas; however, its mechanism remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the relationship between CEST imaging by MPM, intravoxel incoherent motion (IVIM), and C-methionine (C-MET) uptake on positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) to clarify the clinical significance of CEST imaging using MPM in gliomas.

Calibration of commercial fisheries echo sounders using seabed backscatter for the estimation of fishery resources.

Acoustic methods are often used for fisheries resource surveys to investigate fish stocks in a wide area. Commercial fisheries echo sounders, which are installed on most small fishing vessels, are used to record a large amount of data during fishing trips. Therefore, it can be used to collect the basic information necessary for stock assessment for a wide area and frequently.

Texture Features of F-Fluorodeoxyglucose Positron Emission Tomography for Predicting Programmed Death-Ligand-1 Levels in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

Identifying programmed death-ligand-1 (PD-L1) expression is crucial for optimizing treatment strategies involving immune checkpoint inhibitors. However, the role of intratumoral metabolic heterogeneity specifically derived from F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) images in predicting PD-L1 expression in patients with newly diagnosed non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unexplored. Here, we investigated the association between FDG PET texture features and PD-L1 expression by retrospectively analyzing the data of patients newly diagnosed with NSCLC who underwent FDG PET/CT scans and PD-L1 immunohistochemical staining before treatment.

Nuclear medicine practice in Japan: a report of the ninth nationwide survey in 2022.

Subcommittee on Survey of Nuclear Medicine Practice in Japan has performed a nationwide survey of nuclear medicine practice every 5 years since 1982 to survey contemporary nuclear medicine practice and its changes over the years. The subcommittee sent questionnaires, including the number and category of examinations as well as the kind of the radiopharmaceuticals during the 30 days of June 2022 to all nuclear medicine institutes in Japan. The total numbers of them for the year 2022 were estimated depends on the 1-month data.

Feasibility of PiB positron emission tomography/computed tomography for treatment monitoring with Tafamidis in a patient with transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis.

We present a 77-year-old woman with wild-type ATTR cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) who presented with dyspnea, arrhythmia, and elevated NT-pro BNP. Initial imaging including cardiac MRI, PYP scintigraphy, PiB PET/CT and NaF PET/CT revealed cardiac abnormalities. Tafamidis treatment was initiated.

Feasibility of C-Pittsburgh compound B positron emission tomography/computed tomography for treatment monitoring with Tafamidis in a patient with transthyretin cardiac amyloidosis.

We present a 77-year-old woman with wild-type ATTR cardiac amyloidosis (ATTR-CA) who presented with dyspnea, arrhythmia, and elevated NT-pro BNP. Initial imaging including cardiac MRI, PYP scintigraphy, PiB PET/CT and NaF PET/CT revealed cardiac abnormalities. Tafamidis treatment was initiated.

Physiological myocardial F-FDG uptake pattern in oncologic PET/CT: comparison with findings in cardiac sarcoidosis.

Objectives: Physiological myocardial F-fluorodeoxyglucose (F-FDG) uptake in oncologic positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) is commonly observed with multiple variations under clinical fasting conditions. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate physiological myocardial F-FDG uptake pattern by comparing with the results in cardiac sarcoidosis.

Methods: A total of 174 examinations in 174 patients without cardiac disease and 27 examinations in 17 patients with cardiac sarcoidosis were performed.

Comparative evaluation of C-methionine and F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography for distinguishing between primary central nervous system lymphoma and isocitrate dehydrogenase-wildtype glioblastoma.

Purpose: Distinguishing between primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) and isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH)-wildtype glioblastoma is important for therapeutic decision-making. This study aimed to compare the performance of C-methionine (MET) and F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) for distinguishing between these two major malignant brain tumors.

Methods: We retrospectively conducted qualitative and semiquantitative analyses of pre-treatment MET and FDG PET/computed tomography (CT) images of 22 patients with PCNSL and 64 patients with IDH-wildtype glioblastoma.

Tumor-to-blood pool ratio of 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography's standardized uptake value as a useful parameter indicating malignant transformation in pancreatic branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm compared to the international Fukuoka guidelines: a retrospective cohort study from surgical resections.

Background: Identifying malignant transformation in pancreatic branch-duct intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (BD-IPMNs) remains challenging, but the standardized uptake value (SUV) obtained from F-fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography (FDG-PET)/CT has the potential to become a valuable parameter for differentiation. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of SUV of FDG-PET/CT in distinguishing low-grade dysplasia (LGD), high-grade dysplasia (HGD), and intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC) within BD-IPMNs.

Methods: We assessed 58 patients with confirmed BD-IPMN undergoing surgery between 2008 and 2022.

Nafion-Integrated Resorcinol-Formaldehyde Resin Photocatalysts for Solar Hydrogen Peroxide Production.

Photocatalytic generation of HO from water and O is a promising strategy for liquid solar-fuel production. Previously reported powder photocatalysts promote a subsequent oxidative/reductive decomposition of the HO generated, thereby producing low-HO-content solutions. This study reports that Nafion (Nf)-integrated resorcinol-formaldehyde (RF) semiconducting resin powders (RF@Nf), synthesized by polycondensation of resorcinol and formaldehyde with an Nf dispersion solution under high-temperature hydrothermal conditions, exhibit high photocatalytic activities and produce high-HO-content solutions.

FDG PET texture indices as imaging biomarkers for epidermal growth factor receptor mutation status in lung adenocarcinoma.

Identifying the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation status is important for the optimal treatment of patients with EGFR mutations. We investigated the relationship between F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) texture indices and EGFR mutation status in patients with newly diagnosed lung adenocarcinoma. We retrospectively analyzed data of patients with newly diagnosed lung adenocarcinoma who underwent pretreatment FDG PET/computed tomography and EGFR mutation testing between August 2014 and November 2020.

Omental arteriovenous fistula after splenectomy treated with transarterial embolization.

Background: Laparoscopic splenectomy for patients with portal hypertension is associated with a high risk of bleeding. The use of vessel-sealing devices and automatic sutures is important for bleeding control. However, a rare complication of abdominal surgery is the direct communication between the arterial and portal circulation related to surgical procedures such as simultaneous ligature of an artery and adjacent vein.

An analysis of the left top pulmonary vein and comparison with the right top pulmonary vein for lung resection by three-dimensional CT angiography and thin-section images.

Purpose: The right top pulmonary vein (RTPV) is defined as an anomalous branch of the right superior PV (SPV) draining into the PV or left atrium (LA). Several previous reports have described the RTPV, but only a few have mentioned the left top PV (LTPV). The present study aimed to evaluate the branching patterns of the RTPV and LTPV using thin-section CT images and three-dimensional CT angiography (3D-CTA).

Feasibility of whole-body 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography angiography using continuous bed motion in patients with vascular disease: a pilot study.

Objective: Positron emission tomography (PET) angiography is a promising PET imaging method for vessel evaluation. With advances in PET technologies, PET angiography of the whole body is now possible using continuous bed motion (CBM) mode. This study aimed to evaluate the image quality for depicting the aorta and main branches and the diagnostic performance of whole-body PET angiography in patients with vascular disease.

Prognostic Value of Skeletal Muscle Loss in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treated with Hepatic Arterial Infusion Chemotherapy.

Sarcopenia-related factors, including the skeletal muscle index (SMI), are reportedly associated with prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) receiving various treatments. However, there is no evidence relating to hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy (HAIC). In this study, we investigated whether a low SMI was associated with worse clinical outcomes of HAIC.

[F] FDG uptake in patients with spondyloarthritis: correlation with serum inflammatory biomarker levels.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the correlation between 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) uptake and disease activity assessed by serum inflammatory biomarker levels in patients with spondyloarthritis (SpA).

Methods: A total of 36 SpA patients (24 untreated and 12 treated) were examined using FDG positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography and classified into axial SpA (axSpA) and peripheral SpA (pSpA). FDG uptake was evaluated in 23 regions of the body and scored as follows: 0 = less than liver uptake; 1 = more than or equal to liver uptake; and 2 = more than or equal to twice liver uptake.

Quantitative [Tc]Tc-MDP SPECT/CT correlated with [F]NaF PET/CT for bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer.

Background: The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the correlation between standardized uptake value (SUV) and volume-based parameters measured by quantitative [Tc]Tc-methylene diphosphonate (MDP) single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/CT and [F]-sodium fluoride ([F]NaF) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT in the assessment of bone metastases in patients with prostate cancer.

Methods: The study included 26 male prostate cancer patients with confirmed or suspected bone metastases who underwent both [Tc]Tc-MDP SPECT/CT and [F]NaF PET/CT studies. Skeletal lesions visible on both SPECT/CT and PET/CT were classified as benign or metastases.

Relationship between [F]FDG PET/CT and metabolomics in patients with colorectal cancer.

Introduction: Advances in metabolomics have significantly improved cancer detection, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.

Objectives: To investigate the relationship between metabolic tumor volume (MTV) using 2-deoxy-2-[F]fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/ computed tomography (CT) and metabolomics data in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: The metabolome in tumor tissues was analyzed using capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry in 33 patients with newly diagnosed CRC who underwent FDG PET/CT before treatment and had tumor tissue post-surgery.

Infectious Aortic Aneurysm in a Patient With Leriche Syndrome.

Leriche syndrome is a relatively rare atherosclerotic occlusive disease characterized by total occlusion of the abdominal aorta and/or both iliac arteries. The typical clinical manifestations of Leriche syndrome include intermittent claudication, fatigue, and leg pain. We present the case of a 56-year-old man with Leriche syndrome accompanied by an infectious abdominal aortic aneurysm.