[Two cases of Mycoplasma pneumoniae bronchopneumonia diagnosed with LAMP (loop-mediated isothermal amplification) as a rapid assay].

Mycoplasma pneumoniae is one of the common pathogens of the community-acquired pneumonia in adults and children. Macrolide antibiotics are considered to be the first-choice drug for M. pneumoniae infections.

Nationwide surveillance of bacterial respiratory pathogens conducted by the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy in 2008: general view of the pathogens' antibacterial susceptibility.

For the purpose of nationwide surveillance of the antimicrobial susceptibility of bacterial respiratory pathogens collected from patients in Japan, the Japanese Society of Chemotherapy conducted a third year of nationwide surveillance during the period from January to April 2008. A total of 1,097 strains were collected from clinical specimens obtained from well-diagnosed adult patients with respiratory tract infections. Susceptibility testing was evaluable with 987 strains (189 Staphylococcus aureus, 211 Streptococcus pneumoniae, 6 Streptococcus pyogenes, 187 Haemophilus influenzae, 106 Moraxella catarrhalis, 126 Klebsiella pneumoniae, and 162 Pseudomonas aeruginosa).

Increased prevalence and clonal dissemination of multidrug-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa with the blaIMP-1 gene cassette in Hiroshima.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the dissemination of metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-encoding genes among multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates recovered from major hospitals in the Hiroshima region.

Methods: During July to December from 2004 to 2006, a surveillance of eight major hospitals in the Hiroshima region identified 387 non-duplicate isolates resistant to imipenem (MIC >or= 16 mg/L). They were screened for resistance to amikacin (MIC >or= 64 mg/L) and ciprofloxacin (MIC >or= 4 mg/L) and MBL-encoding genes.

Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of biapenem in critically ill patients under continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration.

To characterize the PK/PD of biapenem (BIPM) in critically ill patients under continuous venovenous hemodiafiltration (CVVHDF), we conducted a prospective, open-label study in nine adult CVVHDF patients with acute renal failure at the Critical Care Medical Center, Hiroshima Prefectural Hospital. Plasma and filtrate samples were obtained at six time points. The concentrations of BIPM in plasma and filtrate were determined by HPLC.

Increased resistance to cationic antimicrobial peptide LL-37 in methicillin-resistant strains of Staphylococcus aureus.

Objectives: The susceptibility of clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, including methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), to host-derived cationic antimicrobial peptides was investigated.

Methods: We examined the susceptibility of 190 clinical strains of methicillin-susceptible S.

Molecular characterization of imipenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Hiroshima, Japan.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa showing resistance to imipenem were found in 100 of 1,058 strains (9.5%) from six hospitals (a-f) in Hiroshima City, Japan. Of the 100 strains, 14 (14%) were double disk synergy test positive using sodium mercaptoacetic acid disks, and 18 (18%) were bla(IMP-1) or bla(VIM-2) allele positive by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

[In-vitro susceptibilites to levofloxacin and various antibacterial agents of 18,639 clinical isolates obtained from 77 centers in 2004].

A total of 18,639 clinical isolates in 19 species collected from 77 centers during 2004 in Japan were tested for their susceptibility to fluoroquinolones (FQs) and other selected antibiotics. The common respiratory pathogens, Streptococcus pyogenes, Streptococcus pneumoniae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Haemophilus influenzae showed a high susceptible rate against FQs. The isolation rate of beta lactamase non-producing ampicillin-resistant H.

[Antimicrobial susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urine at one hospital to mainly carbapenem and fluoroquinolone drugs].

We tested the drug susceptibility to 8 anti-pseudomonal agents of 97 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from urine between January 1998 and May 2004. The results were as follows. 1.