Results of the 2018 Japan Society for Blood Purification in Critical Care survey: current status and outcomes.

Background: The Japan Society for Blood Purification in Critical Care (JSBPCC) has reported survey results on blood purification therapy (BPT) for critically ill patients in 2005, 2009, and 2013. To clarify the current clinical status, including details of the modes used, treated diseases, and survival rate, we conducted this cohort study using data from the nationwide JSBPCC registry in 2018.

Methods: We analyzed data of 2371 patients who underwent BPT in the intensive care units of 43 facilities to investigate patient characteristics, disease severity, modes of BPTs, including the dose of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) and hemofilters, treated diseases, and the survival rate for each disease.

Novel adsorptive type apheresis device Immunopure for ulcerative colitis from clinical perspectives based on clinical trials: Japan and Europe.

Several adsorptive type devices for ulcerative colitis are used for the induction of remission in patients with active severe disease worldwide. In 2020, the novel apheresis device Immunopure for ulcerative colitis was launched in Japan. Immunopure, like the polyethylene terephthalate column, uses polyarylate, a type of polyester resin, as the adsorbent.

The Elevation in Preoperative Procalcitonin Is Associated with a Poor Prognosis for Patients Undergoing Resection for Colorectal Cancer.

Background: Procalcitonin (PCT) is a well-known marker for bacterial infection; however, the clinical significance of PCT in the long-term prognosis after colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery remains unclear.

Methods: This is a retrospective review of 277 patients that underwent CRC surgery to investigate the relationship between preoperative PCT, clinicopathological condition, cancer-specific overall survival (OS), and relapse-free survival (RFS).

Results: Median follow-up interval was 5.

Involvement of TRPV1-containing peripheral sensory efferents in hemodynamic responses in a rat hemorrhagic shock model.

Background: Mechanisms underlying hemodynamic disturbance in hemorrhagic shock are not completely understood. Transient receptor potential vanilloid 1-expressing afferents are involved in hemorrhagic shock pathology, and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 antagonist, capsazepine, acts on the central nervous system to improve mortality in a rat hemorrhagic shock model. In contrast, transient receptor potential vanilloid 1-positive efferents promote vasoactive reactions through the release of neuropeptides, including calcitonin gene-related peptides.

Anti-endotoxin Properties of Polymyxin B-immobilized Fibers.

Polymyxin B is an antibiotic that shows strong bactericidal activity against Gram-negative bacteria, by binding to and inactivating endotoxin. Systemic administration of polymyxin B in humans is restricted because of its nephrotoxicity and neurotoxicity, and this compound was therefore considered a strong candidate ligand for the extracorporeal selective adsorption of circulating endotoxin in the blood. Toraymyxin® is a direct hemoperfusion column that uses polymyxin B attached to an insoluble carrier to bind endotoxin in the blood.

Effects of wearing supportive underwear versus pelvic floor muscle training or no treatment in women with symptoms of stress urinary incontinence: an assessor-blinded randomized control trial.

Introduction And Hypothesis: In our previous single-arm pilot study, we reported that ready-made supportive underwear (shaper) was effective in elevating the bladder neck and reducing urinary incontinence (UI) symptoms. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of wearing a shaper compared with pelvic floor muscle training (PFMT) at home using a training compact disc with music, or no treatment, in an assessor-blinded randomized control trial, on reducing UI symptoms.

Methods: Participants aged 30-59 years with symptoms of stress urinary incontinence were randomly assigned to three groups: the shaper group, PFMT group, and no treatment group.

Endotoxin adsorption: Direct hemoperfusion with the polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column (PMX).

Toraymyxin is a medical device developed to adsorb circulating endotoxins in the blood using direct hemoperfusion therapy for patients with septic shock. In 1994, the Japanese National Health Insurance system approved the use of Toraymyxin for the treatment of endotoxemia and septic shock. Since then, Toraymyxin has been safely used in more than 100,000 cases in emergency and intensive care units in Japan.

[Clinical Evaluation of Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy(HIPEC)in Colorectal Cancer Patients at High Risk of Peritoneal Recurrence].

Purpose: We herein report the clinical outcomes of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy(HIPEC)in patients at high risk of colorectal peritoneal metastasis.

Patients And Methods: We enrolled 21 patients with advanced colorectal cancer who were received HIPEC between 2009 and 2014. Retrospectively, we evaluated the short-term and long-term outcomes of these cases.

ABCG2 expression in colorectal adenocarcinomas may predict resistance to irinotecan.

Irinotecan is a key drug for patients with advanced and recurrent colorectal carcinoma. However, the efficacy of irinotecan is not sufficient; partly, as there is no useful marker to predict chemosensitivity to the drug. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether the expression levels of adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette sub-family G (WHITE) member 2 (Junior blood group) (ABCG2) in primary colorectal tumors predict chemoresistance to irinotecan.

Pyomyositis at the surgical site in a patient with chronic myeloid leukemia: a case report and literature review.

Background: Pyomyositis is a rare, subacute, deep pyogenic infection of the muscle tissue. This disease has been previously described in patients that were immunocompromised due to a hematological malignancy.

Case Presentation: A 68-year-old man with a history of chronic myeloid leukemia was treated with imatinib.

Successful surgical approach for a patient with encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis after hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy: a case report and literature review.

Background: Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare surgical complication that can occur after intraperitoneal treatment. It is also a serious and potentially fatal complication of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. The present report describes a case of surgically treated EPS that probably occurred as a complication of hyperthermic intraperitonal chemotherapy (HIPEC).

Single-Arm Pilot Study to Determine the Effectiveness of the Support Power of Underwear in Elevating the Bladder Neck and Reducing Symptoms of Stress Urinary Incontinence in Women.

Objectives: To verify the effectiveness of support power of underwear (the shaper) to elevate bladder neck and to reduce symptoms of stress urinary incontinence (SUI).

Methods: This was a single-arm pilot study conducted in Japan by using the shaper (SLIM-up-Pants with Style Science, Wacoal Corporation, Kyoto, Japan). The bladder neck position in a sitting posture was recorded using an open-configuration magnetic resonance system and then compared between parous women with SUI, without and with the shaper.

A complete response to mFOLFOX6 and panitumumab chemotherapy in advanced stage rectal adenocarcinoma: a case report.

Background: Pathological complete remission of advanced stage rectal adenocarcinoma by chemotherapy alone is rare. A case of advanced stage, low-lying rectal adenocarcinoma in which a complete response to treatment was obtained with mFOLFOX6 and panitumumab (Pmab) is reported.

Case Presentation: A 53-year-old man was referred to Shiga University of Medical Science hospital Shiga, Japan, complaining of bloody stool.

Clinical predictive value of anticancer drug sensitivity test for the therapeutic effect of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II-III colorectal cancer.

Clinically useful predictors of the efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy following curative colorectal surgery remain to be determined. In the present study, we investigated the clinical utility of the collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) as a predictor of the therapeutic response to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-based adjuvant chemo-therapy in patients with stage II-III colorectal cancer. CD-DST was conducted using tumor samples surgically obtained from 189 patients.

Cetuximab as salvage monotherapy in chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer: A single-center report.

In July 2008, cetuximab, a monoclonal antibody against epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), was approved in Japan for clinical use against chemotherapy-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). At Shiga University of Medical Science, between December 2007 and April 2012, a total of 24 EGFR-positive mCRC cases were administered immunohistochemistry with cetuximab as salvage monotherapy. The safety, side-effects and clinical efficacy of the treatment, including response rate, time to treatment failure, progression-free and overall survival, K-ras mutation status and impact on outcome, were investigated.

Differences in chemosensitivity between primary and metastatic tumors in colorectal cancer.

Purpose: We retrospectively evaluated the in vitro chemosensitivity of primary site and metastatic site tumors in colorectal cancer.

Methods: Various resected tumor samples (33 from lymph nodes, 42 from liver, six from lung, and 68 primary tumors) were assessed via a collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity test to determine chemosensitivity to a single agent or a combination of agents.

Results: Sensitivity to combination chemotherapy was significantly higher than that of monotherapy in the primary site group, lymph node group, and liver group.

Clinical potential of the anticancer drug sensitivity test for patients with synchronous stage IV colorectal cancer.

Purpose: We retrospectively evaluated the clinical efficacy and feasibility of a collagen gel droplet-embedded culture drug sensitivity test (CD-DST) to guide therapy for patients with stage IV colorectal cancer (CRC).

Methods: We investigated 38 patients with stage IV CRC. All patients were younger than 85 years and had untreated evaluable metastatic lesions.

The ability of endotoxin adsorption during a longer duration of direct hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column in patients with septic shock.

The patients' hemodynamic conditions of septic shock due to intra-abdominal infection were improved by the longer duration of direct hemoperfusion with a polymyxin B-immobilized fiber column (PMX), reducing plasma endotoxins measured by the novel endotoxin detection method, named endotoxin scattering photometry (ESP) method; however, turbidimetric method could not detect endotoxins. We also observed the reduction in the endotoxin after passing through column by ESP method even after the longer duration of PMX. ESP method may more sensitively detect endotoxins than the ordinary turbidimetric method.

Safety and efficacy of panitumumab therapy after metastatic colorectal cancer progression with cetuximab: Experience at a single Japanese institution.

Panitumumab (Pmab) is generally considered to be ineffective after the failure of cetuximab (Cmab) therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) patients. However, a few studies have demonstrated that Pmab is an effective treatment for disease progression following Cmab-based regimens in the USA. In the present study, we evaluated the safety and efficacy of Pmab therapy following the failure of Cmab therapy in Japanese patients with mCRC.

Transmembrane mucin MUC1 overexpression and its association with CD10⁺ myeloid cells, transforming growth factor-β1 expression, and tumor budding grade in colorectal cancer.

The prognostic value of mucin expression has been reported in several studies. We examined the association between mucin expression and other previously reported prognostic factors, including infiltration of CD10⁺ myeloid cells, transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) expression, and tumor budding at invasion fronts. Immunohistochemical analysis of 206 colorectal samples was carried out to determine whether MUC1, MUC2, MUC4, and MUC5AC expression could predict the survival of colorectal cancer patients.

Association between reduction of plasma adiponectin levels and risk of bacterial infection after gastric cancer surgery.

Background And Purpose: Infections are important causes of postoperative morbidity after gastric surgery; currently, no factors have been identified that can predict postoperative infection. Adiponectin (ADN) mediates energy metabolism and functions as an immunomodulator. Perioperative ADN levels and perioperative immune functioning could be mutually related.