Validate robot-assisted total laparoscopic hysterectomy with four equally-spaced ports without an assistant port.

To evaluate the usefulness of robot-assisted total laparoscopic hysterectomy with four equally-spaced ports (RA-TLH/4e) without an assistant port. In RA-TLH/4e, four da Vinci ports were placed horizontally at a height of 4 cm above the umbilicus with 8 cm equal spacing. Poor development of the surgical field or difficult forceps manipulations were handled with the endoscope and forceps movement (port-hopping).

Ureter Injury in Total Laparoscopic Hysterectomy.

Objective: To identify surgical manipulations that caused ureter injury during total laparoscopic hysterectomy (TLH) and evaluate the surgical manipulations to identify ways to prevent such injury. . This single-center, cross-sectional study included 1135 cases of TLH performed for benign diseases from January 2009 to December 2021.