Improvement of beta-cell function in conjunction with glycemic control after medical nutrition therapy in newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: The current study aimed to reveal the correlation of beta-cell function and insulin sensitivity with glycemic control and weight control before and after medical nutrition therapy (MNT) in patients with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed consecutive 68 patients with newly-diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus who started MNT without antihyperglycemic medications and underwent a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) before and after the therapy. Beta-cell function was evaluated by the OGTT-derived disposition index, whereas insulin sensitivity was evaluated by Matsuda's insulin sensitivity index.

Screening for a Decreased Masticatory Function by a Color-changeable Chewing Gum Test in Patients with Metabolic Disease.

Objective This study aimed to reveal the screening performance of a color-changeable chewing gum test for a decreased masticatory function in the assessment of oral hypofunction in patients with metabolic diseases. Methods We analyzed 1,000 patients with metabolic diseases, including diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperuricemia. A decreased masticatory function was diagnosed by a gummy jelly test.

Lifestyle changes and their impact on glycemic control and weight control in patients with diabetes during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic in Japan.

Aims/introduction: This study aimed to reveal lifestyle changes and their impact on glycemic control and weight control in patients with diabetes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in Japan.

Materials And Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 1,402 outpatients with diabetes at a clinic in Osaka, Japan, who responded to an interview sheet regarding lifestyle changes during the COVID-19 pandemic between 28 March and 30 May 2020. The association of lifestyle changes with hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) and weight changes from February to May 2020 was investigated using the linear regression model.

Association of obesity, diabetes, and physical frailty with dental and tongue-lip motor dysfunctions in patients with metabolic disease.

Objective: This study aimed to reveal the clinical features associated with decreased dental (or shearing/crushing) and tongue-lip motor functions in patients with metabolic diseases.

Methods: One thousand patients with metabolic diseases including diabetes, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and hyperuricemia were recruited. Dental function was assessed with a gummy jelly test, wherein glucose elution from a chewed gummy jelly was measured.

Investigation of the Effect of Canagliflozin on the Disposition Index, a Marker of Pancreatic Beta Cell Function, in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes.

Aim: Our aim was to investigate the effects of add-on canagliflozin with glimepiride dose adjustment or glimepiride dose adjustment on pancreatic beta cell function in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and inadequate glycemic control despite stable triple therapy (metformin, teneligliptin, and glimepiride) plus diet/exercise therapy.

Methods: Forty patients on stable triple therapy were randomized to glimepiride dose adjustment without (glimepiride group) or with add-on canagliflozin 100 mg (canagliflozin group) for 24 weeks. The glimepiride dose was adjusted every 4 weeks based on continuous glucose monitoring over the previous 2 weeks according to a prespecified algorithm.

Different daily glycemic profiles after switching from once-daily alogliptin plus twice-daily metformin to their once-daily fixed-dose combination in Japanese type 2 diabetic patients.

The aim of this study was to investigate whether daily glycemic profiles and treatment satisfaction would be changed after switching from once-daily 25-mg alogliptin plus twice-daily 250-mg metformin to the fixed-dose combination of 25-mg alogliptin and 500-mg metformin once daily in type 2 diabetic patients. Twenty adult Japanese type 2 diabetic patients in whom once-daily 25-mg alogliptin plus twice-daily 250-mg metformin were switched to the fixed-dose combination of 25-mg alogliptin and 500-mg metformin once daily participated. Before and one month after the switch, participants were asked to perform one day of seven-point self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG), to wear a sensor of flash glucose monitoring for up to 14 days, and to respond to a questionnaire for treatment satisfaction.

Significant association of fracture of the lumbar spine with mortality in female hemodialysis patients: a prospective observational study.

Prevalent fracture of the lumbar spine is established as a predictor of increased mortality in the general population. To examine whether this association is retained in hemodialysis patients, we conducted a single-center prospective observational study in 635 hemodialysis patients (60.3 + or - 12.

Association of reduction in bone mineral density with mortality in male hemodialysis patients.

In the present study we examined the relationship of bone mineral density (BMD) reduction with increased mortality in hemodialysis patients. A single-center prospective observational study was conducted on 269 male hemodialysis patients. The BMD in the distal third of the radius (DR1/3) and in the ultradistal radius (UR), which are enriched with cortical and cancellous bone, respectively, was measured twice using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) with a 1-year interval.

Serum beta2-microglobulin level is a significant predictor of mortality in maintenance haemodialysis patients.

Background: Beta(2)-microglobulin (beta(2)-M) is recognized as a surrogate marker of middle-molecule uraemic toxins and is a key component in the genesis of dialysis-associated amyloidosis. Few studies have evaluated the association of beta(2)-M levels with clinical outcome in dialyzed patients.

Methods: The prognostic implication of serum beta(2)-M levels for the survival of haemodialysis patients was examined in 490 prevalent haemodialysis patients (60.

Presence of abdominal aortic calcification is significantly associated with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in maintenance hemodialysis patients.

Background: Although abdominal aortic calcification (AAC) is reported as a predictor for cardiovascular mortality in the general population, it is unknown whether this is also true in hemodialysis patients in whom vascular calcification and cardiovascular diseases are highly prevalent.

Study Design: Cohort study.

Settings & Participants: 515 patients on maintenance hemodialysis therapy at a single center.

Serum concentrations of cross-linked N-telopeptides of type I collagen: new marker for bone resorption in hemodialysis patients.

Background: Urinary cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTX) is a reliable bone resorption marker in patients with metabolic bone disease. We assessed a clinically available serum NTX assay suitable for anuric patients on hemodialysis (HD).

Methods: Serum concentrations of NTX, C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (beta-CTX), pyridinoline (PYD), and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) were determined as bone resorption markers, and those of bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP) and intact osteocalcin (OC) as bone formation markers, in 113 male HD patients (mean age, 59.

Serum BAP as the clinically useful marker for predicting BMD reduction in diabetic hemodialysis patients with low PTH.

With decrease of serum PTH in hemodialysis (HD) patients, other factors besides parathyroid hormone (PTH) become important in regulating bone metabolism. We investigated which serum bone metabolic marker is the best to predict the bone mineral density (BMD) reduction in HD patients with serum PTH<180 pg/ml. The bone formation markers, bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), intact osteocalcin (OC), and N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (PINP), and the bone resorption markers, deoxypyridinoline (DPD), pyridinoline (PYD), and beta-crossLaps (beta-CTx) were measured in serum from 137 HD patients.