Heuristic bias in perception of medical students relating to out-of-hospital cardiac arrests.

Aim: The aim of this study was to assess the perceptions of medical students with respect to out-of-hospital cardiac arrests focusing on the frequency and survival and to identify potential problems in resuscitation education.

Methods: Fourth-year medical students in a six-year undergraduate educational system were asked to guess the number of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests with cardiac etiology per year in Japan, related data such as the one-month survival rate from out-of-hospital cardiac arrests with cardiac etiology and the number of deaths from traffic accidents for comparison. The guesses of students were compared with actual statistical data.

Outcomes after out-of-hospital cardiac arrests by anaphylaxis: A nationwide population-based observational study.

Aim: The objective of this study was to focus on outcomes of anaphylaxis-associated out-of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) in non-cardiac cases.

Methods: All residents with OHCA due to non-cardiac cause in Japan from 2013 to 2015 were included for analysis. Propensity score matching and logistic regression analyses were used to assess outcome-related factors in anaphylaxis cases and non-anaphylaxis cases.

Relationship between evaluation of the teaching environment using DREEM scores and students' school learning scores.

This article was migrated. The article was marked as recommended. The results from a comprehensive survey of students' perceptions of their educational environment using the Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM) in our Medical School were compared with students' school learning scores.

The Current Status of Development and Implementation of Medical Emergency Response Plan in Schools.

Background: Automated external defibrillators (AEDs) have been widely distributed at schools in Japan. We have demonstrated that ventricular fibrillation accounted for 68% of nontraumatic sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) in schools, suggesting that a well-prepared medical emergency response plan (MERP) for schools would improve the outcomes of SCA patients. However, it is uncertain if the MERP has been well developed or implemented in Japanese schools.

Characteristics and trends of emergency patients with drug overdose in Osaka.

Aim: Drug overdose is an important issue in emergency medicine. However, studies covering overdose patients transported by ambulance have not been sufficiently carried out. We attempted to clarify problems of suspected drug overdose patients transported by ambulance.

Assessment of pharmacy students' communication competence using the Roter Interaction Analysis System during objective structured clinical examinations.

Objective: To determine the value of using the Roter Interaction Analysis System during objective structured clinical examinations (OSCEs) to assess pharmacy students' communication competence.

Methods: As pharmacy students completed a clinical OSCE involving an interview with a simulated patient, 3 experts used a global rating scale to assess students' overall performance in the interview, and both the student's and patient's languages were coded using the Roter Interaction Analysis System (RIAS). The coders recorded the number of utterances (ie, units of spoken language) in each RIAS category.

[Reliability of evaluation for communication competency in pharmaceutical objective structured clinical examination (OSCE)].

In the objective structured clinical examination (OSCE), which for pharmaceutical students training, adequate methods should be used for evaluating a student's skill and aptitude for good communication in a medical interview. However, the reliability of the evaluation methods used in the pharmaceutical OSCE has not been investigated sufficiently. In this study, we reviewed the evaluation scores and video recordings obtained in a pharmaceutical OSCE trial, and examined the reasons for disagreement in the scores between two raters.

Effects of BLS training on factors associated with attitude toward CPR in college students.

Aim: In order to elucidate the factors for willingness to perform CPR, we evaluated the responses of college students to questionnaires before and after basic life support (BLS) training.

Methods: Before and after participating in a small group BLS course, 259 students completed questionnaires. A logistic regression model was used to elucidate independent factors for their willingness to attempt resuscitation.

Public perception of and willingness to perform bystander CPR in Japan.

Aim: Immediate bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is the most essential factor for life saving in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest patients. We investigated the characteristics associated with willingness to attempt CPR among the Japanese general population.

Methods: We randomly selected 2400 persons from all over Japan and conducted a questionnaire survey regarding their knowledge, experiences of and attitudes toward CPR.