PTEN-induced kinase 1 gene single-nucleotide variants as biomarkers in adjuvant chemotherapy for colorectal cancer: a retrospective study.

Background: Fluoropyrimidine-based postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy is globally recommended for high-risk stage II and stage III colon cancer. However, adjuvant chemotherapy is often associated with severe adverse events and is not highly effective in preventing recurrence. Therefore, discovery of novel molecular biomarkers of postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy to identify patients at increased risk of recurrent colorectal cancer is warranted.

Bile Duct Mixed Neuroendocrine-nonendocrine Neoplasm with a Complete Response to Chemoradiotherapy.

The incidence of neuroendocrine carcinomas arising from the bile duct is low, and that of mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasms (MiNENs) is even lower; therefore, there is no standard treatment for MiNENs. Choosing the appropriate treatment in clinical practice is difficult. We herein report a case of unresectable extrahepatic bile duct MiNEN in a 66-year-old man who received curative chemoradiotherapy and achieved a complete response, remaining recurrence-free for 2.

Decision making for anti-VEGF inhibitor continuation: dip stick? or urine protein/creatinine ratio? (VERSiON UP study).

Background: Monitoring proteinuria is important for the management of patients with cancer treated with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) or anti-VEGF receptor (VEGFR) inhibitors (VEGF/Ri). Here we investigated the difference between the urine protein/creatinine ratio (UPCR) and a qualitative value test (QV) on the decision making of treatment continuation and the usefulness of UPCR testing in patients with gastrointestinal cancer treated with anti-VEGF/Ri.

Methods: From January 2017 to December 2018, a survey was conducted based on the medical records of patients with gastrointestinal cancer with a QV of ≥2+ during the use of anti-VEGF/Ri at seven Japanese institutions participating in the Onco-nephrology Consortium.

An Autopsy Case of Late-onset Fulminant Myocarditis Induced by Nivolumab in Gastric Cancer.

Nivolumab is an immune-checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) that can induce unique treatment-related toxicities, such as immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Myocarditis is a serious irAE with an incidence between 0.06% and 1.

Wernicke encephalopathy in a caregiver: A serious physical issue resulting from stress in a family member caring for an advanced cancer patient.

Objective: It is well known that the burden on the families of cancer patient extends across many aspects, but there have been no reports of family members developing delirium due to the burden of caring for a cancer patient.

Methods: We reported a caregiver who developed Wernicke encephalopathy (WE) while caring for a family member with advanced cancer.

Results: The subject was a 71-year-old woman who had been caring for her husband, diagnosed with gastric cancer and liver metastases, for 5 months.

Verification of the Utility of Palliative Radiotherapy for Hemostasis of Gastric Cancer Bleeding: a Case Control Study.

Purpose: Bleeding from unresectable gastric cancer is a localized condition that adversely affects quality of life. Radiotherapy can be used to treat gastric cancer bleeding when surgery, endoscopic treatment, and intravascular embolization are ineffective. This study evaluated the utility of radiotherapy for unresectable hemorrhagic gastric cancer.

[A Case of Esophagogastric Junction(EGJ)Cancer for Which Pathological Complete Response(pCR)Was Obtained by Multidisciplinary Treatment].

We report the case of a 68-year-old male with EGJ cancer, who was treated with palliative radiotherapy for persistent bleeding, and for whom, pCR was ultimately obtained by chemotherapy. Chemotherapy was planned to treat the EGJ cancer with intramural metastasis of the esophagus, but anemia due to persistent bleeding from the tumor was noted. Even with frequent blood transfusions, the anemia was difficult to control.

Complete response to uracil-tegafur alone in advanced rectal cancer.

We report a case of a complete response to treatment with uracil-tegafur (UFT) alone in advanced rectal cancer. The patient was an 84-year-old woman referred to our hospital complaining of anal bleeding. A colonoscopy revealed a Borrmann type II tumor in the rectum, which was diagnosed as an adenocarcinoma.

Resection of Colorectal Cancer With Versus Without Preservation of Inferior Mesenteric Artery.

Objective: To assess the clinical significance of preservation of the inferior mesenteric artery (IMA) in comparison with IMA ligation in surgery for sigmoid colon or rectal (colorectal) cancer.

Methods: Consecutive patients (n=862) with colorectal cancer who underwent intended surgical resection of the main tumor between 1986 and 2011 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into 2 groups: IMA preserved (n=745) and IMA ligated (n=117).

Phase II Study of Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With S-1 and CDDP in Patients With Lymph Node Metastatic Stage II or III Gastric Cancer.

Objectives: We conducted a phase II trial to investigate the efficacy and safety of neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) comprising S-1 and cisplatin (CDDP) followed by extensive resection in the management of resectable locally advanced gastric cancer with lymph node (LN) metastases.

Methods: Patients with LN metastases from stage II or III gastric cancer received S-1 and CDDP, as NAC criteria for LN metastases were the involvement of ≥4 nodes <2 cm or ≥1 nodes ≥2 cm as confirmed by a total body computed tomography scan. All patients underwent extensive resection including D2 gastrectomy.

Pharmacokinetics of docetaxel in gastric cancer patients with malignant ascites.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether intravenous (i.v.) administration allowed docetaxel to penetrate ascites in gastric cancer patients with peritoneal dissemination.

D2 gastrectomy with versus without bursectomy for gastric cancer.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the survival benefit of bursectomy by retrospectively comparing the prognosis in patients undergoing D2 lymphadenectomy and gastrectomy (D2 gastrectomy) with bursectomy for gastric cancer with that in patients undergoing D2 gastrectomy alone.

Methods: A total of 254 consecutive stage IA to IIIC gastric cancer patients undergoing curative intent surgery between 2004 and 2009 were enrolled. The patients were divided into 2 groups: a bursectomy group, which included patients undergoing curative D2 gastrectomy with bursectomy by one surgeon, and a nonbursectomy group, which included those undergoing curative D2 gastrectomy alone by other surgeons.

A complete response to S-1 plus cis-diamminedichloroplatinum in advanced-stage esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma: a case report.

Background: Complete remission from advanced-stage synchronous double primary (SDP) esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma by chemotherapy alone is rare. We report a case of advanced-stage SDP esophageal and gastric adenocarcinoma in which a complete response to treatment was obtained with S-1 and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP).

Case Presentation: The patient was a 74-year-old man referred to our hospital complaining of dysphagia.

Complete response to chemoradiotherapy in a patient with synchronous double gastric and esophageal cancer.

Unlabelled: A 77-year-old man with early synchronous double primary gastric and esophageal cancer showed complete response (CR) to chemoradiotherapy (CRT) with fluorouracil (5-FU) and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum (CDDP) and 60 Gy total dose of radiation. Gastrointestinal endoscopy had revealed type IIc squamous cell carcinoma in the lower oesophagus and type IIc adenocarcinoma in the mid-stomach region. Synchronous double primary early-stage esophageal and gastric cancer was diagnosed.

Dual primary gastric and colorectal cancer: is the prognosis better for synchronous or metachronous?

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognosis and clinicopathologic features of synchronous and metachronous dual primary gastric and colorectal cancer (DPGCC).

Methods: We reviewed clinical data of 96 patients with DPGCC, comprising 63 men and 33 women, from among 4523 patients with gastric or colorectal cancer who underwent surgical treatment or chemotherapy, but no endoscopic resection, for colorectal cancer between 1990 and 2009. The selected patients were classified into 2 groups according to the time of gastric or colorectal cancer detection as follows: synchronous group (n= 42) and metachronous group (n = 54).

A case of complete response to S-1 plus CDDP in early-stage mucosal esophageal cancer.

We report a case of early-stage mucosal esophageal cancer, showing a complete response to S-1 and cis-diamminedichloplatinum (CDDP). The patient was a 67-year-old man with synchronous double primary early-stage mucosal esophageal and advanced gastric cancer. We planned neoadjuvant chemotherapy with S-1 and CDDP for the advanced gastric cancer and endoscopic mucosal resection for the early-stage esophageal cancer.

A case of spontaneous regression of advanced colon cancer.

Unlabelled: A case of spontaneous regression of colon cancer is reported. The patient, an 80-year-old man, was referred to hospital in January 2004. Colonoscopy revealed a type 2 tumour in the transverse colon which was diagnosed as an adenocarcinoma.

Gastric cancer developing in the stomach after pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy with pancreaticogastrostomy: case report and review of the literature.

A 59-year-old woman underwent surgery for uterine corpus cancer in March 1998. She also underwent pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy with pancreaticogastrostomy for common bile duct cancer in November 1998. She was followed up at our outpatient clinic after pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy.

Successful treatment for rupture of pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm: two case reports.

We report 2 cases of ruptured pancreaticoduodenal artery aneurysm (PDAA) treated by transcatheter embolization (TAE). In the first case, a 63-year-old man complained of sudden abdominal pain and was transferred to our hospital because he collapsed in a state of shock. Abdominal computed tomography (CT) revealed retroperitoneal hematoma and ascites.

Total intraoperative enteroscopy using a colonoscope for detecting the bleeding point.

We report a case of bleeding in the small intestine of a 59-year-old man that was successfully diagnosed and treated by total intraoperative enteroscopy. The patient was admitted to our hospital because of gastrointestinal bleeding. Gastroscopy, colonoscopy and mesenteric arteriography could not identify the bleeding point.