Evaluating the Impact of Practical Training: A Study on Satisfaction and Drug Knowledge among Pharmacy Students.

Practical training stands as a crucial component in shaping pharmacy students, bridging the gap between classroom-based theoretical knowledge and its application in real-world contexts. This study investigates the correlation between the satisfaction levels experienced during practical training and the acquisition of knowledge, particularly focusing on drug names. Drawing from the National DataBase (NDB) open data provided by Japan's Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, a survey centered on the top 100 dispensed drugs was crafted.

Investigation of the 1-week effect of traffic light nutrition labeling on diet selection among Japanese university students: a randomized controlled trial.

Background: The method of displaying nutrition information labels on the front of food packaging (FOP: Front of Pack) has been implemented worldwide to prevent lifestyle-related diseases. This study aimed to investigate whether the use of the UK's Traffic Light Food (TLF) label, known as the FOP label, influences the dietary choices of Japanese youth and promotes healthy dietary choices.

Methods: Diet selection was performed for one week each during the baseline and intervention periods.

Evaluating the effectiveness of applying aroma seals to masks in reducing stress caused by wearing masks: A randomized controlled trial.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, face masks on patients and healthy people have been recommended to prevent airborne transmission of the virus. This increased the number of people who felt stressed while wearing masks. In this study, we investigated the stress-relieving effects of attaching aroma seals to masks.

Relieving psychological stress and improving sleep quality by bergamot essential oil use before bedtime and upon awakening: A randomized crossover trial.

Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic increased psychological stress and decreased sleep quality, especially among young people. Aromatherapy alleviates psychological stress, and bergamot essential oil helps improve depression. This study aimed to verify whether bergamot essential oil use alleviates psychological stress due to the COVID-19 pandemic and improves sleep quality and morning wakefulness.

Effectiveness of Displaying Traffic Light Food Labels on the Front of Food Packages in Japanese University Students: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Nutrition labeling on the front of food packages has been implemented worldwide to help improve public health awareness. In this randomized double-blind controlled trial, we used a Google Forms questionnaire to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition labeling on food packages in university students. The questionnaire, ultimately completed by 247 students, included 15 dietary images from which they were asked to choose what they wanted to eat for breakfast, lunch, and dinner the following day.

Factors Associated With Medication Compliance in Elderly Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Cross-Sectional Study.

The average age of patients with type 2 diabetes in Japan is over 70 years. Elderly patients tend to have poor medication compliance, therefore, it is important to understand their individual situations to improve medication compliance, the treatment of their diabetes, and their quality of life (QOL). This study aimed to identify factors associated with medication compliance in elderly type 2 diabetic patients.

The Combined Use of 5 or More Drugs Is a Factor Related to Lower Adherence to S-1 in S-1 and Oxaliplatin Treatment for Advanced Gastric Cancer.

S-1 plus oxaliplatin (SOX) is an established treatment for advanced gastric cancer. S-1 adherence is the key to successful SOX treatment. This study focused on S-1 adherence by evaluating real-world adherence to S-1 and investigating factors related to decreased S-1 adherence.

Causes of anxiety among teachers giving face-to-face lessons after the reopening of schools during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Coronavirus infections are spreading rapidly worldwide, and primary and middle schools are closed in many countries. After the state of emergency was lifted in Japan, schools have reopened, and teachers are conducting face-to-face classes while maintaining safety precautions. This study aimed to assess the factors contributing to infection-related anxiety and educational anxiety among teachers conducting face-to-face classes during the COVID-19 pandemic after schools reopened.

Factors Associated With Regorafenib Adherence With Metastatic Colorectal Cancer.

Introduction: Regorafenib is an oral multikinase inhibitor for the treatment of metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). The clinical factors that may affect adherence to regorafenib remain unclear. The aim of this study was to evaluate adherence to regorafenib with mCRC and to identify factors that might affect adherence to regorafenib.

MRI Monitoring of the Mixed State of Admixtures Consisting of Moisturizing Cream and Steroid Ointment during the Mixing Process by a Revolution/Rotation-Type Hybrid Mixer.

The admixture of a steroid ointment and a moisturizing cream is frequently prescribed to patients suffering from atopic dermatitis. For the mixing operation, a revolution/rotation-type hybrid mixer is widely used in pharmacy. The purpose of this study was to monitor the mixed state of the admixtures during the mixing process of the hybrid mixer.

CPT-11-Induced Delayed Diarrhea Develops via Reduced Aquaporin-3 Expression in the Colon.

While irinotecan (CPT-11) has a potent anti-cancer effect, it also causes serious diarrhea as an adverse reaction. In this study, we analyzed the pathogenic mechanism of CPT-11-induced delayed diarrhea by focusing on water channel aquaporin-3 (AQP3) in the colon. When rats received CPT-11, the expression level of AQP3 was reduced during severe diarrhea.

Changes in the Pharmacokinetics of Phenytoin in Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Ulcerative Colitis in Mice.

We previously demonstrated that the expression levels of drug-metabolizing enzymes, cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, in the liver are significantly decreased in a murine model of ulcerative colitis (UC). In this study, we investigated changes in the pharmacokinetics of phenytoin, a CYP2C substrate drug, in the presence of UC. Colitis was induced by feeding male mice 3.

Self-Reported Adherence to Capecitabine on XELOX Treatment as Adjuvant Therapy for Colorectal Cancer.

Adherence has become an important issue in modern oncology treatment. Most studies have included heterogeneous target tumor types, regimens, and therapy settings. Our study focused on capecitabine during capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) treatment as an adjuvant therapy for colorectal cancer.

Epigallocatechin gallate induces a hepatospecific decrease in the CYP3A expression level by altering intestinal flora.

In previous studies, we showed that a high-dose intake of green tea polyphenol (GP) induced a hepatospecific decrease in the expression and activity of the drug-metabolizing enzyme cytochrome P450 3A (CYP3A). In this study, we examined whether this decrease in CYP3A expression is induced by epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which is the main component of GP. After a diet containing 1.

Effect of Surfactants and Thickeners on the Stability of Menthol-Diphenhydramine Cream Identified by Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

A menthol-diphenhydramine cream is prepared in hospital pharmacies and then prescribed to patients for the treatment of pruritus associated with chronic kidney disease. The purpose of this study is to design a stable formulation without any concern about phase separation during its clinical use on patients. As a preventive measure against phase separation, various surfactants and thickeners were incorporated into the creams.

Self-Reported Adherence to Trifluridine and Tipiracil Hydrochloride for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Background: A novel oral agent that consists of trifluridine and tipiracil hydrochloride (TFTD) has been established as salvage-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC). Adherence to TFTD is crucial to maintaining appropriate curative effects. This study sought to clarify adherence to TFTD and identify candidate factors deteriorating adherence at our institution.

Magnetic resonance imaging study on the physical stability of menthol and diphenhydramine cream for the treatment of chronic kidney disease-associated pruritus.

A cream that contains menthol and diphenhydramine is widely prepared in hospital pharmacies and prescribed to patients for the treatment of pruritus associated with chronic kidney disease. However, there is a serious concern regarding its physical stability; therefore, we investigated this issue using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). For a sample preparation, a menthol-containing ethanol solution was mixed with a commercial diphenhydramine cream.

Patients' self-reported adherence to capecitabine on XELOX treatment in metastatic colorectal cancer: findings from a retrospective cohort analysis.

Background: Capecitabine plus oxaliplatin (XELOX) has been established as a first-line treatment for metastatic colorectal cancer. Adherence is particularly important with capecitabine to maintain appropriate curative effect. In this study, we monitored the adherence to capecitabine on XELOX treatment and investigated which factors might decrease compliance.

Expression of hepatic cytochrome P450 in a mouse model of ulcerative colitis changes with pathological conditions.

Background And Aim: The expression levels of cytochrome P450 (CYP) in the liver were analyzed over time in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis mouse model, from the initial active stage to the remission stage, to investigate the relationship between the changes in pathological conditions and CYP expression levels.

Methods: DSS solution was given to mice for 10 days, after which water without DSS was provided for 40 days. Pathological conditions and CYP expression levels were examined over time.

Morphine-Induced Constipation Develops With Increased Aquaporin-3 Expression in the Colon via Increased Serotonin Secretion.

Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is a water channel that is predominantly expressed in the colon, where it plays a critical role in the regulation of fecal water content. This study investigated the role of AQP3 in the colon in morphine-induced constipation. AQP3 expression levels in the colon were analyzed after oral morphine administration to rats.

Menthol reduces the anticoagulant effect of warfarin by inducing cytochrome P450 2C expression.

Recently, it was reported that the anticoagulant effect of warfarin was reduced when patients receiving warfarin also took menthol. The purpose of this study is to reveal the mechanism of this reduced anticoagulant effect of warfarin from the pharmacokinetic point of view. Warfarin was orally administered to mice 24h after the administration of menthol for 2 days, and the plasma warfarin concentration was measured.

Hepatic early inflammation induces downregulation of hepatic cytochrome P450 expression and metabolic activity in the dextran sulfate sodium-induced murine colitis.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) patients may have increased concentrations of drugs in their blood. We hypothesized that this response is mainly due to a decrease in the expression and activity of the drug-metabolizing enzyme, cytochrome P450 (CYP), in the liver. In this study, we have tried to demonstrate the hypothesis.

Rheinanthrone, a metabolite of sennoside A, triggers macrophage activation to decrease aquaporin-3 expression in the colon, causing the laxative effect of rhubarb extract.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Aquaporin-3 (AQP3) is expressed in mucosal epithelial cells in the colon and is important for regulating fecal water content. We examined the role of AQP3 in the laxative effect of rhubarb extract.

Methods: After orally administering rhubarb extract or its major component (sennoside A) to rats, the fecal water content, AQP3 expression and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) concentrations in the colon were examined.

Gastrectomy increases the expression of hepatic cytochrome P450 3A by increasing lithocholic acid-producing enteric bacteria in mice.

We had previously revealed that drug metabolism, as well as the expression level of hepatic CYP3A, a drug-metabolizing enzyme, increase 12 weeks after gastrectomy in mice. In this study, we elucidated the mechanism of the increased CYP3A expression. The levels of lithocholic acid (LCA)-producing bacteria (Bacteroides fragilis) and LCA in the colon did not show a significant increase up to 4 weeks after gastrectomy compared to the sham operation group.