Two Cases of Mechanical Thrombectomy in Patients with Fenestration of the M1 Segment of the Middle Cerebral Artery.

M1 fenestration of the middle cerebral artery is rare. We present two patterns of acute thromboembolic conditions in M1 fenestrations treated with mechanical thrombectomy. Case 1 was a male in his 60s presenting with right hemiparesis and aphasia.

A posterior inferior cerebellar artery of C2 transverse foramen level origin that entered the spinal canal via the C1/2 intervertebral space demonstrated by computed tomography angiography.

Purpose: To describe a case of a posterior inferior cerebellar artery (PICA) of C2 transverse foramen level vertebral artery (VA) origin that entered the spinal canal via the C1/2 intervertebral space.

Case Report: A 48-year-old man with posterior neck pain underwent computed tomography (CT) angiography and selective left vertebral angiography. Arterial dissection was found at the distal V2 segment of the left VA on subtracted CT angiography.

Duplicated posterior inferior cerebellar arteries one of which was supplied by the jugular branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery.

Purpose: To describe a case of duplicated posterior inferior cerebellar arteries (PICAs), one of which was supplied by the jugular branch of the ascending pharyngeal artery (APA).

Case Report: A 62-year-old man with cerebral infarction underwent cranial magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and MR angiography. MR angiography showed a hyperplastic left APA, that was found to enter the posterior cranial fossa and continue to the PICA.

Endovascular Treatment for Acute Ischaemic Stroke Caused by Vertebral Artery Dissection: A Report of Three Cases and Literature Review.

Vertebrobasilar artery dissection is an uncommon cause of acute ischaemic stroke (AIS). Optimal endovascular management has not been established. This study aimed to share our experience with endovascular reperfusion therapy for vertebrobasilar artery occlusion due to vertebral artery dissection (VAD).

A dural metastatic small cell carcinoma of the gallbladder as the first manifestation: a case report.

Background: A dural metastasis is one of the essential differential diagnoses of meningioma. In general, carcinomas of the breast and lung in females and prostate in males have been the most commonly reported primary lesions of dural metastases. However, dural metastasis of gallbladder carcinoma is extremely rare.

Pathologic Findings of Symptomatic Carotid Artery Stenosis Several Decades after Radiation Therapy: A Case Report.

Improved long-term survival of malignancy has drawn increased attention to late cerebrovascular toxicity after neck radiotherapy. Recently, neck radiotherapy has been found as a significant risk factor of carotid artery stenosis and ischemic stroke; however, long-term adverse effects of radiation in large arteries remain unknown. Here, we described an autopsied case with recurrent ischemic stroke associated with ipsilateral carotid artery stenosis several decades after neck radiation therapy.

[Usefulness of Bilateral rSO Monitoring for Predicting Cerebral Hyperperfusion Syndrome after Carotid Artery Stenting].

Objective: Cerebral hyperperfusion syndrome(CHS)and cerebral hyperperfusion phenomenon(CHP)induce intracranial hemorrhage and can become critical complications after carotid artery stenting(CAS). The purpose of the present study was to predict and avoid CHS after CAS using bilateral rSO intraoperative monitoring.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 100 consecutive patients who underwent CAS between January 2012 and May 2014 in our institution.

Takotsubo-like Myocardial Dysfunction in a Patient with Botulism.

Botulinum toxin A (BTXA) can disrupt the neuromuscular and autonomic functions. We herein report a case of autonomic system dysfunction that manifested as Takotsubo-like myocardial dysfunction in a patient with botulism. Takotsubo syndrome results in acute cardiac insufficiency, another fatal complication of botulism in addition to respiratory muscle paralysis, particularly in patients with cardiovascular disease.

[A case of hemifacial paresis in a patient with Lyme neuroborreliosis treated with antibiotics in whom Borrelia meningitis developed].

A 38-year-old man visited our hospital because of hemifacial paresis that developed 2 months after being bit by a tick. We diagnosed idiopathic peripheral facial palsy and gave the patient oral prednisolone and valacyclovir. Although the symptoms completely resolved in about 2 weeks, there was a risk of Lyme neuroborreliosis.

The safety and efficacy of preoperative embolization of meningioma with N-butyl cyanoacrylate.

Objective: Preoperative embolization of meningioma is commonly performed; however, there is no consensus on the best embolic material to reduce intraoperative blood loss and surgery time.

Method: We retrospectively assessed the safety and efficacy of 56 cases of preoperative embolization of the middle meningeal artery with N-butyl cyanoacrylate (NBCA) in 105 cases of surgery for meningioma. We also defined a blood loss to tumor volume ratio to compensate for bias caused by tumor volume, and analyzed limited cases (the embolized group n = 52, the non-embolized group n = 21) of the convexity, the parasagittal region, the falx, and the sphenoidal ridge.

Risk factors for coil protrusion into the parent artery and associated thrombo-embolic events following unruptured cerebral aneurysm embolization.

Objective: Advances in vascular reconstruction devices and coil technologies have made coil embolization a popular and effective strategy for treatment of relatively wide-neck cerebral aneurysms. However, coil protrusion occurs occasionally, and little is known about the frequency, the risk factors and the risk of thrombo-embolic complications.

Method: We assessed the frequency and the risk factors for coil protrusion in 330 unruptured aneurysm embolization cases, and examined the occurrence of cerebral infarction by diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI).

Risk factors and prevention of guiding catheter-induced vasospasm in neuroendovascular treatment.

Mechanically-induced vasospasm often occurs during guiding catheter insertion, occasionally preventing catheter advancement to the desired location. Delicate manipulation would be impossible without the proper positioning of guiding catheters, and vasospasm-induced cerebral hypoperfusion may cause thrombotic complications. From June 2012 to December 2013, we prospectively analyzed 150 endovascular treatment cases, excluding acute cases, for the frequency of vasospasm, risk factors, and countermeasures.

Aberrant internal carotid artery associated with occipital artery arising from the internal carotid artery.

We present an extremely rare case of an aberrant course of the petrous internal carotid artery (ICA) associated with the ipsilateral occipital artery arising from the cervical ICA, a combination not previously reported by magnetic resonance (MR) angiography. The patient was a 53-year-old woman with no symptoms related to the anomalous ICA. Source images and partial maximum-intensity-projection images of MR angiography are useful in diagnosing these variations.

Contrast-induced encephalopathy after coil embolization of an unruptured internal carotid artery aneurysm.

A 58-year-old woman developed agraphia and mild right hemiparesis approximately one month after undergoing coil embolization of an unruptured left internal carotid artery aneurysm. MRI performed on day 39 post-coil embolization showed multiple lesions in the white matter with signal hyperintensity on T2-weighted and FLAIR images in the left middle cerebral artery territory. The patient's cerebrospinal fluid exhibited an elevated protein level at 46 mg/dL; however, no other findings suggested another underlying disease.

Subdural and intracerebral hemorrhage caused by spontaneous bleeding in the middle meningeal artery after coil embolization of a cerebral aneurysm.

Nontraumatic acute subdural hemorrhage (SDH) with intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) is rare and is usually caused by severe bleeding from aneurysms or arteriovenous fistulas. We encountered a very rare case of spontaneous bleeding from the middle meningeal artery (MMA), which caused hemorrhage in the temporal lobe and subdural space 2 weeks after coil embolization of an ipsilateral, unruptured internal cerebral artery aneurysm in the cavernous portion. At onset, the distribution of hematoma on a computed tomography scan led us to believe that the treated intracavernous aneurysm could bleed into the intradural space.

Fusiform dilatation of the outer contour of a dissected anterior cerebral artery revealed by magnetic resonance cisternography in a patient with simultaneous cerebral infarction and subarachnoid hemorrhage.

A 46-year-old man presented with right hemiparesis. Cranial magnetic resonance (MR) imaging revealed both an acute cerebral infarction in the territory of the left anterior cerebral artery (ACA) and a thin subarachnoid hemorrhage in the left superior frontal sulcus. MR angiography revealed stenosis at the A2 segment of the left ACA.