New -Santonin Derivatives from and Their Anti-Proliferative Activities against and Human Cancer Cells A549.

Previously, we reported two cytotoxic -santonin-amino acid conjugates isolated from the EtOAc layer of . However, a further phytochemical investigation seems to be required because of the few reports of similar derivatives. In this study, we targeted the 1-BuOH layer, which resulted in the isolation of seven new -santonin derivatives (-) together with ten known compounds (-).

Two New Cytotoxic Sesquiterpene-Amino Acid Conjugates and a Coumarin-Glucoside from .

The Asteraceae family is a promising source of bioactive compounds, such as the famous Asteraceae plants (pyrethrin) and (artemisinin). As a result of our series of phytochemical studies of the subtropical plants, two novel sesquiterpenes, named crossoseamines A and B in this study ( and , respectively), one undescribed coumarin-glucoside (), and eighteen known compounds (-) were isolated from the aerial part of (Asteraceae). The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR experiments (H, C, DEPT, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY), IR spectrum, circular dichroism spectrum (CD), and high-resolution electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS).

Complete Genome Sequence of sp. Strain L3-i23 Isolated from Soil in Japan.

This study describes the complete genome sequence of sp. strain L3-i23, acquired from an assembly of long reads and subsequently polished using short reads. The complete genome comprises a 3,139,863-bp chromosome with a GC content of 69.

Four new glucosides from the aerial parts of Equisetum sylvaticum.

Two previously undescribed megastigmane glucosides, (3S)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-7,8-dihydro-β-ionone-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), (3S)-3-hydroxy-4-oxo-β-ionone-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (2), an apocarotenoid glucoside named equiseoside A (3) and an unusual aromatic compound with a glucose-fused skeleton named equiseoside B (4), together with 35 known compounds (5-39) were isolated from the aerial parts of Equisetum sylvaticum. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR, IR, CD, and HR-MS.

Draft Genome Sequence of sp. Strain L3-i20, Isolated from Soil in Japan.

This study describes the draft genome sequence of sp. strain L3-i20, obtained from an assembly of long reads and subsequently polished using short reads. The draft genome comprises a 5,308,756-bp chromosome with a GC content of 41.

Understanding the Biosynthesis of Paxisterol in Lichen-Derived for Production of Fluorinated Derivatives.

The U.S. endemic lichen ()-derived produced a cytotoxic paxisterol derivative named auransterol () and -citreoviridin ().

Complete Genome Sequence of sp. Strain L3-i22, Isolated from Soil in Japan.

Here, we described the closed complete genome sequence of sp. strain L3-i22, which was obtained from the assembly with long reads and subsequent polishing with short reads. The complete genome consists of a 12,014,766-bp chromosome, with a GC content of 71.

Potency of bisresorcinol from on skin aging: in vitro bioactivities and molecular interactions.

Background: A bisresorcinol was isolated as the main constituent of 's trunk (Proteaceae). Recently, resorcinol is applied as an active whitening agent in various cosmetic products. Because of the structural mimic to resorcinol, benefits of the bisresorcinol as an aging-enzyme antagonist were demonstrated in this study.

Six New Phenylpropanoid Derivatives from Chemically Converted Extract of (L.) and Their Antiparasitic Activities.

Chemical conversion of the extract of natural resources is a very attractive way to expand the chemical space to discover bioactive compounds. In order to search for new medicines to treat parasitic diseases that cause high morbidity and mortality in affected countries in the world, the ethyl acetate extract from the rhizome of (L.) has been chemically converted by epoxidation using dioxirane generated in situ.

Isolation of Three New Diterpenes from Dodonaea viscosa.

An investigation into the methanol extracts obtained from the stems of Dodonaea viscosa led to the isolation of one nor-clerodane diterpene (1) and two labdane diterpenes (2, 3), as well as 17 known compounds (4-20). The structures of these compounds were elucidated based on chemical and spectral evidence. The stereochemical structure of the nor-clerodane diterpene was confirmed via its circular dichroism spectrum and calculated electronic circular dichroism spectrum.

Firmosides A and B: two new sucrose ferulates from the aerial parts of Silene firma and evaluation of radical scavenging activities.

Two new tri-ferulates of sucrose, firmosides A and B (1 and 2, respectively), together with 18 known compounds (3-20), were isolated from the aerial parts of Silene firma. The structures of the isolated compounds were elucidated by various spectroscopic methods, including 1D, 2D NMR, and high-resolution electro-spray ionization-mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). All the isolated compounds were evaluated for their free radical scavenging activity using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical.

New Methyl Threonolactones and Pyroglutamates of (L.) L. and Their Bone Formation Activities.

In our continuing research for bioactive constituents from natural resources, a new methyl threonolactone glucopyranoside (), a new methyl threonolactone fructofuranoside (), 2 new pyroglutamates ( and ), and 10 known compounds (-) were isolated from the whole plant of (L.) L. The structures of these compounds were determined based on various spectroscopic and chemical analyses.

Lasianosides A-E: New Iridoid Glucosides from the Leaves of (Lour.) Merr. and Their Antioxidant Activity.

The genus (Rubiaceae) consists of approximately 180 species, of which the greatest species diversity is found in tropical Asia. Some of the species have been used in folk medicine to treat tinnitus, arthritis, fever, and bleeding. (Lour.

Eudesmane-type sesquiterpene glycosides: sonneratiosides A-E and eudesmol β-D-glucopyranoside from the leaves of Sonneratia alba.

Five eudesmane-type sesquiterpene glycosides, named sonneratiosides A-E (1-5), were isolated from the leaves of Sonneratia alba (Lythraceae). The aglycone of sonneratioside A was identified as cryptomeridiol also known as proximadiol. X-ray crystallographic analysis of sonneratioside A confirmed its structure and its absolute stereochemistry.

Four New Flavonoids Isolated from the Aerial Parts of Forssk. (Qadab).

(Forssk.) (family: Capparaceae; common name: Qadab) is one of four species that grow in the Red Sea costal region in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. The roots and leaves of is traditionally used to treat tumors and abscesses in Sudan.

Phenolic compounds from the leaves of Breynia officinalis and their tyrosinase and melanogenesis inhibitory activities.

From the EtOAc-soluble fraction of a MeOH extract of the leaves of Breynia officinalis, five new compounds (1-5) along with 11 known compounds (6-16) were isolated. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and compounds 1-3 were found to be acylated hydroquinone apiofuranosylglucopyranosides, while compound 4 was an acylated hydroquinone glucopyranoside. Compound 5 was shown to be butyl p-coumarate and this seems to be its first isolation from a natural source.

Chemical structures of constituents from the leaves of Polyscias balfouriana.

A new pyrrolidine derivative, (5S)-hydroxyethyl 2-oxopyrrolidine-5-carboxylate (1), a new flavonol glycoside, tamaraxetin 3,7-di-O-α-L-rhamnopyranoside (2), and a new triterpene saponin, polyscioside A methyl ester (3), along with six known compounds (4-9) were isolated from the leaves of Polyscias balfouriana. Their chemical structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis.

Anti-dormant mycobacterial activity and target molecule of melophlins, tetramic acid derivatives isolated from a marine sponge of Melophlus sp.

Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection, is a major world health problem that is responsible for the deaths of 1.5 million people each year. In addition, the requirement for long-term therapy to cure TB complicates treatment of the disease.

New Isolinariins C, D and E, Flavonoid Glycosides from Linaria japonica.

Three new flavonoid glycosides named isolinariins C, D and E (1-3), two known flavonoid glycosides (4, 5) and three known flavonoids (6-8) were isolated from the whole plant of Linaria japonica. The structures of these compounds were determined mainly by spectroscopic analyses. The bioactivities of these isolated compounds were evaluated for their inhibitory activities against human cell line A549, collagenase, and advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation.

Aaptamines, marine spongean alkaloids, as anti-dormant mycobacterial substances.

A new aaptamine class alkaloid, designated 2-methoxy-3-oxoaaptamine (1), together with seven known aaptamines (2-8) were isolated from a marine sponge of Aaptos sp. as anti-mycobacterial substances against active and dormant bacilli. The chemical structure of 1 was determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis.

Identification of the target protein of agelasine D, a marine sponge diterpene alkaloid, as an anti-dormant mycobacterial substance.

One of the major reasons for the wide epidemicity of tuberculosis and for the necessity for extensive chemotherapeutic regimens is that the causative agent, Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has an ability to become dormant. Therefore, new lead compounds that are anti-bacterial against M. tuberculosis in both active and dormant states are urgently needed.

Neamphamide B, new cyclic depsipeptide, as an anti-dormant mycobacterial substance from a Japanese marine sponge of Neamphius sp.

A new cyclic depsipeptide, designated neamphamide B (1), was isolated from a marine sponge of Neamphius sp. collected at Okinawa, Japan in 1993 as an anti-mycobacterial substance against active and dormant bacilli. The planar structure of neamphamide B (1) was determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and stereostructure of amino acid was deduced by chromatographic comparison of the acid hydrolysate of 1 with appropriate amino acid standards after derivatizing with FDAA or GITC.

Stylissamide X, a new proline-rich cyclic octapeptide as an inhibitor of cell migration, from an Indonesian marine sponge of Stylissa sp.

A new proline-rich cyclic octapeptide named stylissamide X (1) was isolated from an Indonesian marine sponge of Stylissa sp. as an inhibitor of cell migration from the guidance of wound-healing assay. The chemical structure of stylissamide X (1) was determined on the basis of spectroscopic analysis, and stereostructure of the amino acids were deduced by Marfey's method.