Prevalence of hearing loss and factors associated with hearing loss in Ethiopia: findings from the 2023 National Ethiopia Hearing Survey.

Objectives: To assess the prevalence and associated factors of hearing loss in Ethiopia, considering socioeconomic conditions, regional variations and age-related impacts.

Design: Nationwide cross-sectional survey.

Setting: Data were collected from 2 February to 10 June 2023, covering all regions of Ethiopia except Tigray (due to security concerns).

iHeard STL: Development and first year findings from a local surveillance and rapid response system for addressing COVID-19 and other health misinformation.

Background: The U.S. Surgeon General and others have emphasized a critical need to address COVID-19 misinformation to protect public health.

Self-Identified Stage in Recovery and Substance-Use Behaviors among Pregnant and Postpartum Women and People with Opioid Use Disorder.

Opioid use among pregnant and postpartum women and people (PPWP) has significant health repercussions. This study explores how substance-use behaviors may vary by stage in recovery among PPWP with opioid use disorder (OUD). We recruited 29 PPWP with OUD.

Epidemiological analysis of rubella-confirmed cases from measles suspected cases in Ethiopia: Threat for Congenital Rubella Syndrome.

Rubella is a highly contagious mild viral illness. It is a leading cause of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Routine data of rubella do not exist in Ethiopia.

Determinants of severe acute malnutrition among children aged 6-59 months in the pastoral community of Liban District, Guji Zone, Oromia Regional State, Southeastern Ethiopia: a case-control study.

Malnutrition remains one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality among children, particularly in Ethiopia. The present study aimed to assess determinants of severe acute malnutrition among children aged 6-59 months in the pastoral community of Liban District, Southeastern Ethiopia. A case-control study design was conducted on 89 cases and 177 controls from 1-30 December 2020.

COVID-19 Preventive Practices among Bus Station Workers in Ethiopia.

As of May 19, 2021, Ethiopia was among the five African countries most affected by COVID-19. A cross-sectional design was used to assess the level of knowledge, perceptions, and practices of bus station workers about COVID-19 between August 25 and September 17, 2020. Face-to-face interviewer-administered questionnaires were used.

Patient characteristics associated with different types of prison TB: an epidemiological analysis of 921 TB cases diagnosed at an Ethiopian prison.

Background: Despite incarcerated population being at an increased risk of tuberculosis (TB) and serving as a potential source of TB transmission for the general population, prison TB remains understudied. Given its adverse impact on progress towards TB elimination, World Health Organization (WHO) has identified prison TB research as a top priority to guide TB treatment/control interventions.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 921 notified TB cases that were diagnosed at Kality Federal Prison, Ethiopia during 2009-2017.

Prevalence and outcome of sepsis and septic shock in intensive care units in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: A prospective observational study.

Background: Sepsis and septic shock are the major causes of morbidity and mortality in Intensive care Units (ICUs) in low and middle-income countries. However, little is known about their prevalence and outcome in these settings. The study aimed to assess the prevalence and outcome of sepsis and septic shock in ICUs in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Family planning utilization and associated factors among postpartum women in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2018.

Background: Pregnancies that occur in the first year after birth can result in adverse outcomes for the mothers and their babies. Postpartum family planning (PPFP) can save lives of many mothers and children. Only few data are available about the magnitude of PPFP use and its determinants in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Family planning awareness, utilization and associated factors among women of reproductive age attending psychiatric outpatient care, a cross- sectional study, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: Women with mental illness have a special need for family planning as they carry a high risk of unplanned pregnancy, sexual violence and, the poor obstetric outcomes due to their mental illness, as well as teratogenicity from exposure to psychotropic medications lower antenatal care utilization.

Objective: To assess knowledge, and utilization of family planning and associated factors among women attending psychiatric outpatient clinics in Addis Ababa.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 423 women attending the outpatient psychiatric clinics of three general and one specialized mental hospital in Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia.

Perinatal outcome of growth restricted fetuses with abnormal umbilical artery Doppler waveforms compared to growth restricted fetuses with normal umbilical artery Doppler waveforms at a tertiary referral hospital in urban Ethiopia.

Background: Intrauterine growth restriction is defined as a fetal weight below the 10th percentile for a given gestational age and can be identified using umbilical artery Doppler velocimetry which is a non-invasive technique. The objective of this study was to determine the perinatal outcome of growth-restricted fetuses with abnormal umbilical artery Doppler study compared to those with normal umbilical artery Doppler waveforms at a tertiary referral hospital in Ethiopia.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted among pregnant mothers with fetal growth restriction admitted for labour and delivery from September 2018-February 2019.

Glycemic Index and Load of Selected Ethiopian Foods: An Experimental Study.

Background: Determining the glycemic index and load of foods has significant impact on meal planning for diabetes. However, there is no data on the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) of Ethiopian foods. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the glycemic index and glycemic load of Teff Injera, Corn Injera, and White Wheat Bread.

Factors associated with dengue fever outbreak in Dire Dawa administration city, October, 2015, Ethiopia - case control study.

Background: Dengue Fever (DF) is underrecognized mosquito borne viral disease prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions. In 2013, Ethiopia reported the first confirmed DF outbreak in Dire Dawa city which affected 11,409 people. During the outbreak investigation, we determined factors associated with DF and implemented control measures.

Predictor of multidrug resistant tuberculosis in southwestern part of Ethiopia: a case control study.

Background: Curable disease tuberculosis is becoming incurable or difficult to treat due to drug resistance. Multi drug resistance tuberculosis is a major health problem for less developed countries. Development of drug resistance is mainly as result of man related factors and poor lifestyle.

Diagnosis and Treatment of Human Salmonellosis in Addis Ababa City, Ethiopia.

Background: Diagnosis using reliable tools and treatment following antimicrobial susceptibility tests are critical to proper addressing of antibiotic-resistant infection.

Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the practice of diagnosis and treatment of salmonellosis in Addis Ababa. Tube Widal test (for blood samples only), culture, biochemical and carbohydrate fermentation, serotyping, and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were employed for both blood and stool samples.

Drug-Resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia: Characteristics of cases in a referral hospital and the implications.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) programs should design intervention strategies based on the sound knowledge of the existing local epidemiology and sociodemographic characteristics of drug-resistant-TB (DR-TB) cases. The aim of the study was to characterize the pulmonary multidrug-resistant (MDR) and rifampicin-resistant (RR) TB cases enrolled in a referral hospital at Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, called All Africa Leprosy, Tuberculosis, Rehabilitation and Training (ALERT) Hospital.

Methods: We conducted a descriptive study based on retrospective review of medical records of 340 pulmonary MDR/RR-TB cases enrolled in ALERT Hospital from November 2011 to December 2016.

Prevalence and determinants of self-medication practice among selected households in Addis Ababa community.

Background And Aim: Self-medication (SM) is one part of self-care which is known to contribute to primary health care. If practiced appropriately, it has major benefits for the consumers such as self-reliance and decreased expense. However, inappropriate practice can have potential dangers such as incorrect self-diagnosis, dangerous drug-drug interactions, incorrect manner of administration, incorrect dosage, incorrect choice of therapy, masking of a severe disease, and/or risk of dependence and abuse.

Acute poisonings during pregnancy and in other non-pregnant women in emergency departments of four government hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: 2010-2015.

Objective: To characterise acute poisonings in pregnant and non-pregnant women treated at emergency departments of government hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, between 2010 and 2015.

Methods: All data for acutely poisoned women were retrospectively collected from patient medical charts at the emergency departments of Saint Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Ras Desta Memorial Hospital, Yekatit 12 Hospital Medical College and Zewditu Memorial Hospital. Data were collected by extraction questionnaire and analysed using SPSSv.

Posterior fossa tumor presenting with bilateral proptosis and blindness.

It is very unusual for a posterior fossa tumor to present with proptosis. A 24 years old female patient who had a CT Scan proven posterior fossa tumor presented with severe headache, bilateral proptosis and blindness is reported. The rarity of the cause of proptosis and blindness and also the difficulty in reaching at the clinical diagnosis is discussed.