Publications by authors named "Yorghos Tripodis"
Introduction: The impact of prolonged emergency department length of stay (EDLOS) on appropriately timed pharmacological venous thromboembolism prophylaxis (VTEp) and VTE outcomes is unknown in trauma.
Methods: Retrospective cohort study of adult patients admitted to civilian trauma centers participating in the American College of Surgeons' TQIP (2019-2021). Patients with severe solid organ, head, or spine injury, early hemorrhage control intervention, pre-existing home anticoagulation or bleeding disorder, inter-facility transfer or early discharge, and injury severity score ≤9 were excluded.
Former American football players are at risk for developing traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES), the clinical disorder associated with neuropathologically diagnosed chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE). The objective of this study was to determine whether hyposmia is present in traumatic encephalopathy syndrome. The study included 119 former professional American football players, 60 former college football players, and 58 same-age asymptomatic unexposed men from the DIAGNOSE CTE Research Project.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFNeurodegeneration is a seminal feature of many neurological disorders. Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is caused by repetitive head impacts (RHI) and is characterized by sulcal tau pathology. However, quantitative assessments of regional neurodegeneration in CTE have not been described.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFImportance: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative tauopathy associated with repetitive head impacts (RHIs). Prior research suggests a dose-response association between American football play duration and CTE risk and severity, but this association has not been studied for ice hockey.
Objective: To investigate associations of duration of ice hockey play with CTE diagnosis and severity, functional status, and dementia.
Article Synopsis
- Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease linked to frequent head injuries, often seen in athletes and military personnel, with a focus on its relationship with aggression and family mental health history.
- The study analyzed data from deceased male brain donors with CTE, aiming to determine if the presence of CTE affects the relationship between first-degree family history of mental illness (1°FHMI) and aggression, using structured assessments and various demographic controls.
- Results indicated that 1°FHMI was significantly correlated with aggression scores in individuals with CTE, suggesting that CTE pathology may influence aggression differently than previously understood, while no such association was found in those without CTE.
Introduction: Trauma patients return to the emergency department (ED) at alarmingly high rates, despite not all patients requiring hospital resources. Reasons for ED re-presentation and associated risk factors have not been fully investigated.
Methods: Retrospective cohort study of adult trauma admissions at an urban safety net level 1 trauma center (1/12018-12/312021).
Article Synopsis
- - Blood-based biomarkers are being explored to detect brain injuries from repetitive head impacts, specifically in former football players, by analyzing plasma levels of various proteins like tau and amyloid.
- - A study involving 180 former football players and 60 control participants found that specific biomarkers (p-tau181 and p-tau231) were significantly elevated in the football players, indicating potential brain damage linked to their sport.
- - The findings suggest that certain plasma proteins (p-tau, GFAP, NfL) could help in understanding and identifying neurological issues related to head impacts, with younger players showing more severe biomarker changes.
Objectives: To estimate the impact of occupational injury and illness on opioid-related mortality while accounting for confounding by preinjury opioid use.
Methods: We employed a retrospective cohort study design using Washington State workers' compensation data for 1994-2000 injuries linked to US Social Security Administration earnings and mortality data and National Death Index (NDI) cause of death data from 1994 to 2018. We categorised injuries as lost-time versus medical-only, where the former involved more than 3 days off work or permanent disability.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates how social identity and systems of power influence health outcomes for adults of color with Down syndrome, highlighting disparities in mortality and hospitalization.
- Analysis included data from over 119,000 adults with Down syndrome and 3.2 million without, focusing on age-adjusted rates within various racial-ethnic groups over a period from 2011 to 2019.
- Findings reveal that while mortality rates are similar across racial groups with Down syndrome, marginalized groups experience significantly higher hospitalization rates, indicating poorer health and healthcare access.
Article Synopsis
- * A total of 132,720 adults were analyzed, revealing that 23.3% had been diagnosed with Alzheimer dementia, with an incidence rate of 22.4 cases per 1,000 person-years.
- * The average age at which individuals were first diagnosed with Alzheimer dementia was approximately 54.5 years, with the mean age at death for these patients being around 59.2 years.
Background: Former professional collision sport (CS) athletes, particularly American football players, are at risk of developing chronic health conditions; however, little is known about the health outcomes of amateur athletes.
Methods: A 60-item health survey examined self-reported symptoms and diagnoses among former Division 1 Collegiate CS athletes and non- or limited-contact sport (non-CS) athletes. Binary logistic regressions tested the association between playing CS and health outcomes.
Background: Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative tauopathy more frequently found in deceased former football players. CTE has heterogeneous clinical presentations with multifactorial causes. Previous literature has shown substance use (alcohol/drug) can contribute to Alzheimer's disease and related tauopathies pathologically and clinically.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Protein biomarkers have been broadly investigated in cerebrospinal fluid and blood for the detection of neurodegenerative diseases, yet a clinically useful diagnostic test to detect early, pre-symptomatic Alzheimer's disease (AD) remains elusive. We conducted this study to quantify Aβ40, Aβ42, total Tau (t-Tau), hyperphosphorylated Tau (ptau181), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and neurofilament light chain (NfL) in eye fluids relative to blood.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study we collected vitreous humor, aqueous humor, tear fluid and plasma in patients undergoing surgery for eye disease.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates the relationship between perivascular space (PVS) volume in the brain and lifetime exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHI) in individuals at risk for neurodegenerative diseases, particularly focusing on former American football players.
- Conducted across four US study sites from 2016 to 2020, the research involved 224 participants, including 170 former football players and 54 control participants, with analyses exploring how PVS volume correlates with cognitive impairment.
- Results showed that former football players exhibited larger PVS volumes compared to the control group, suggesting that RHI exposure could contribute to changes in brain structure associated with neurodegeneration.
Aim: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is an important prognostic tool in cardiac arrest (CA) survivors given its sensitivity for detecting hypoxic-ischemic brain injury (HIBI), however, it is limited by poorly defined objective thresholds. To address this limitation, we evaluated a qualitative MRI score for predicting neurological outcome in CA survivors.
Methods: Adult comatose CA survivors who underwent MRI were retrospectively identified at a single academic medical center.
Article Synopsis
- Exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHI) correlates with chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), which can only be diagnosed after death; the study explores the presence of a cavum septum pellucidum (CSP) in living former football players to understand its relation to RHI and potential CTE.
- The research involved 175 former players, both college and professional, and compared their CSP measurements to a control group without RHI exposure, assessing associations with cumulative head impact and traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES).
- Results indicated that former players had significantly higher CSP presence and ratio compared to controls, with professional players exhibiting an even greater ratio; however, there was no notable link between CSP and TES or provisional
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates neurobehavioral dysregulation (NBD), which includes neuropsychiatric symptoms linked to repetitive head impacts, particularly in former contact sport athletes.
- Through analyses involving questionnaires from 178 former football players, researchers identified four subconstructs of NBD: explosivity, emotional dyscontrol, impulsivity, and affective lability.
- The results revealed four symptom profiles among participants, highlighting the complexity of NBD and serving as a basis for future research on its diagnostic criteria and neurobiological aspects.
Background: Motor function is critical for children's health, yet remains an understudied neurodevelopmental domain. Exposure to metals has been linked with motor function, but no study has examined the joint effects of metal mixtures.
Methods: We evaluated cross-sectional associations between a metal mixture and motor function among 569 adolescents (10-14 years old) living near the ferroalloy industry.
Article Synopsis
- Parkinsonism is often linked to chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) caused by repetitive head injuries, but the exact causes of parkinsonism in CTE patients are not fully understood.
- This study examined brain donors diagnosed with CTE to determine how often parkinsonism occurs and its relationship with brain damage due to past sports-related injuries.
- Results indicated that 24.7% of CTE participants experienced parkinsonism, which was associated with older age, higher dementia rates, and more severe stages of CTE, suggesting a significant connection between the severity of CTE and parkinsonism.
Background: Neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS) can be an early manifestation of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the associations among NPS, cognition, and AD biomarkers across the disease spectrum are unclear.
Objective: We analyzed cross-sectional mediation pathways between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers of AD (Aβ1-42, p-tau181), cognitive function, and NPS.
Article Synopsis
- * A study evaluated brain structures using MRI in 170 former football players and 54 controls, assessing regions associated with CTE pathology, revealing significant reductions in cortical thickness and volume in players compared to controls.
- * Former professional players showed more pronounced brain changes than former college players, specifically in areas like the hippocampus and amygdala, indicating that exposure to head impacts has lasting effects on brain structure.