Shape transformation and self-alignment of Fe-based nanoparticles.

New types of functional material structures will emerge if the shape and properties are controlled in three-dimensional nanodevices. Possible applications of these would be nanoelectronics and medical systems. Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are especially important in electronics such as magnetic storage, sensors, and spintronics.

Roll-to-Roll Production of Layer-Controlled Molybdenum Disulfide: A Platform for 2D Semiconductor-Based Industrial Applications.

A facile methodology for the large-scale production of layer-controlled MoS layers on an inexpensive substrate involving a simple coating of single source precursor with subsequent roll-to-roll-based thermal decomposition is developed. The resulting 50 cm long MoS layers synthesized on Ni foils possess excellent long-range uniformity and optimum stoichiometry. Moreover, this methodology is promising because it enables simple control of the number of MoS layers by simply adjusting the concentration of (NH ) MoS .

Two-Dimensional Excitonic Photoluminescence in Graphene on a Cu Surface.

Despite having outstanding electrical properties, graphene is unsuitable for optical devices because of its zero band gap. Here, we report two-dimensional excitonic photoluminescence (PL) from graphene grown on a Cu(111) surface, which shows an unexpected and remarkably sharp strong emission near 3.16 eV (full width at half-maximum ≤3 meV) and multiple emissions around 3.

Clinical outcomes of subtotal cholecystectomy performed for difficult cholecystectomy.

Purpose: Laparoscopic subtotal cholecystectomy (LSC) can be an alternative surgical technique for difficult cholecystectomies. Surgeons performing LSC sometimes leave the posterior wall of the gallbladder (GB) to shorten the operation time and avoid liver injury. However, leaving the inflamed posterior GB wall is a major concern.

Strain Relaxation of Graphene Layers by Cu Surface Roughening.

The surface morphology of copper (Cu) often changes after the synthesis of graphene by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on a Cu foil, which affects the electrical properties of graphene, as the Cu step bunches induce the periodic ripples on graphene that significantly disturb electrical conduction. However, the origin of the Cu surface reconstruction has not been completely understood yet. Here, we show that the compressive strain on graphene induced by the mismatch of thermal expansion coefficient with Cu surface can be released by forming periodic Cu step bunching that depends on graphene layers.

Triangular Black Phosphorus Atomic Layers by Liquid Exfoliation.

Few-layer black phosphorus (BP) is the most promising material among the two-dimensional materials due to its layered structure and the excellent semiconductor properties. Currently, thin BP atomic layers are obtained mostly by mechanical exfoliation of bulk BP, which limits applications in thin-film based electronics due to a scaling process. Here we report highly crystalline few-layer black phosphorus thin films produced by liquid exfoliation.

Stable semiconductor black phosphorus (BP)@titanium dioxide (TiO2) hybrid photocatalysts.

Over the past few decades, two-dimensional (2D) and layered materials have emerged as new fields. Due to the zero-band-gap nature of graphene and the low photocatalytic performance of MoS2, more advanced semiconducting 2D materials have been prompted. As a result, semiconductor black phosphorus (BP) is a derived cutting-edge post-graphene contender for nanoelectrical application, because of its direct-band-gap nature.

Innovative three-dimensional (3D) eco-TiO₂ photocatalysts for practical environmental and bio-medical applications.

It is known that water purified by conventional TiO2 photocatalysts may not be safe enough for drinking, due to the toxicity by tiny existence of TiO2 nanoparticles after water treatment. We herein demonstrate a facile design of a three-dimensional (3D) TiO2 photocatalyst structure with which both the efficiency of purification and the safety level of the final purified water can be improved and ensured, respectively. The structure, consisting of 3D sulfur-doped TiO2 microtubes in nanotubes (eco-TiO2), is suitable for both environmental and bio-medical applications.

Effect of growth pressure on the synthesis of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes and their growth termination.

When vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (VACNTs) are synthesized by thermal chemical vapor deposition (TCVD), their structural features such as height and density can be determined by TCVD growth conditions. In this study we investigated the effect of growth pressure on the structural features of VACNTs. Changes in growth pressure significantly affected the height, density, and crystalinity of synthesized VACNTs.

Relationship between benign prostatic hyperplasia/lower urinary tract symptoms and total serum testosterone level in healthy middle-aged eugonadal men.

Introduction: Scant data are available concerning the relationship between lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS)/benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and total serum testosterone level (TT) in eugonadal state.

Aim: We performed this study to evaluate the relationship between LUTS/BPH and TT in eugonadal men.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted that included a total of 2,308 eugonadal (TT ≥ 3.

Immobilization of carbon nanotubes on functionalized graphene film grown by chemical vapor deposition and characterization of the hybrid material.

We report the surface functionalization of graphene films grown by chemical vapor deposition and fabrication of a hybrid material combining multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene (CNT-G). Amine-terminated self-assembled monolayers were prepared on graphene by the UV-modification of oxidized groups introduced onto the film surface. Amine-termination led to effective interaction with functionalized CNTs to assemble a CNT-G hybrid through covalent bonding.

Synthesis of graphene and carbon nanotubes hybrid nanostructures and their electrical properties.

The gapless semimetallic nature of graphene-based nanoelectronics is a major hurdle for the advancement of graphene-based field-effect transistors. Here graphene-carbon nanotubes hybrid nanostructures (Gr-CNTs HNSs) were formed by synthesizing single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with a bandgap on monolayer graphene by thermal chemical vapor deposition. We systematically established optimum conditions for the synthesis of Gr-CNTs HNSs by adjusting catalytic layer formation.

Antipsychotic-induced sexual dysfunction and its management.

Sexual dysfunction is a common condition in patients taking antipsychotics, and is the most bothersome symptom and adverse drug effect, resulting in a negative effect on treatment compliance. It is known that hyperprolactinemia is a major cause of sexual dysfunction. Based on the blockade of dopamine D2 receptors, haloperidol, risperidone, and amisulpride are classed as prolactin-elevating antipsychotics, while olanzapine, clozapine, quetiapine, ziprasidone, and aripiprazole are classed as prolactin-sparing drugs.

Effect of implant position, angulation, and attachment height on peri-implant bone stress associated with mandibular two-implant overdentures: a finite element analysis.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze and compare the level and distribution of peri-implant bone stresses associated with mandibular two-implant overdentures with different implant positions.

Materials And Methods: Mathematical models of mandibles and overdentures were designed using finite element analysis software. Two intraosseous implants and ball attachment systems were placed in the interforaminal region.

Retirement plans for Korean dentists after the economic crisis in 1998.

Objectives:   This study aims to investigate the economic hardships of dentists from the rapid reduction of incomes after the IMF crisis in Korea 1998, the retirement plan status of those dentists, and to provide the basic data to determine an economic retirement plan of dentists.

Methods:   Among the 14,359 dentists in Korea, 855 dentists were surveyed. The surveys were from February 22, 2010 to April 22, 2010, and were carried out with 484 copies that were selected to be used for analysis.

Oral health behaviours according to demographic characteristics in Korean adolescents: a national representative sample.

Objectives:   To provide information on how to teach correct oral health behaviour to youths and to develop programmes to that end, this study examined the oral health behaviour and demographic characteristics of adolescents.

Methods:   The raw data of 'The Third 2007 Youth Health Behavior Online Survey' carried out by the Korea Center for Disease Control and Prevention were analysed. Independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and chi-squared analyses were used to assess the relationships between oral health behaviours and demographic characteristics.