Ultrasonic treatment of endocrine disrupting compounds, pharmaceuticals, and personal care products in water: An updated review.

Pharmaceuticals, personal care products (PPCPs), and endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) have seen a recent sustained increase in usage, leading to increasing discharge and accumulation in wastewater. Conventional water treatment and disinfection processes are somewhat limited in effectively addressing this micropollutant issue. Ultrasonication (US), which serves as an advanced oxidation process, is based on the principle of ultrasound irradiation, exposing water to high-frequency waves, inducing thermal decomposition of HO while using the produced radicals to oxidize and break down dissolved contaminants.

Adsorptive and photocatalytic performance of cobalt-doped ZnTiO/TiCT MXene nanohybrids towards tetracycline: Kinetics and mechanistic insight.

Tetracycline (TC) antibiotics are widely used in animal husbandry and can cause environmental risk due to its high ecological toxicity and persistence. In this study, cobalt doped/ZnTiO (ZTO)/TiCT MXene (ZCxTM, x indicates wt% of Co loading) was synthesized and explored to remove TC by adsorption and photocatalysis under visible light irradiation. The as-prepared ZC5TM was characterized using various analytical techniques, and key operating parameters such as solution pH, background ions, and temperature were systematically investigated.

Fabrication of graphene-oxide/β-BiO/TiO/BiTiO heterojuncted nanocomposite and its sonocatalytic degradation for selected pharmaceuticals.

A graphene-oxide (GO)/β-BiO/TiO/BiTiO heterojuncted nanocomposite, designated as GBT, was synthesized via a two-step hydrothermal process. The sonocatalytic activity of the GBT was evaluated at several frequencies (28, 580, and 970 kHz) and compared with Bi-doped GO (GB) and Ti-doped GO (GT). Transmission electron microscopy images showed heterojuncted crystal structures of Bi and Ti on GO, and X-ray diffraction patterns verified that the crystal structures consisted of β-BiO, TiO, and BiTiO nanocomposites.

Sonocatalytic degradation of carbamazepine and diclofenac in the presence of graphene oxides in aqueous solution.

This research investigated the removal of carbamazepine (CBZ) and diclofenac (DCF) in water using ultrasonic (US) treatment in the absence or presence of graphene oxides (GOs). Three frequencies and three pH conditions were tested (28, 580, and 1000 kHz and 3.5, 7, and 9.

Aggregation kinetics of single walled carbon nanotubes influenced by the frequency of ultrasound irradiation in the aquatic environment.

The colloidal stability of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) sonicated at three different ultrasonication (US) frequencies (28, 580, and 1000kHz) were investigated under environmentally relevant conditions. In particular, correlations between surface chemistry, electrokinetic potential, interaction energy, and the aggregation kinetics of the aqueous SWNTs were studied. We observed that HO production is negatively correlated with the yield of hydroxylation and carboxylation of SWNTs, which was dependent on the generation of ultrasonic energy by cavity collapse during US process.