FeS-incorporated 3D PCL scaffold improves new bone formation and neovascularization in a rat calvarial defect model.

199Three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds composed of various biomaterials, including metals, ceramics, and synthetic polymers, have been widely used to regenerate bone defects. However, these materials possess clear downsides, which prevent bone regeneration. Therefore, composite scaffolds have been developed to compensate these disadvantages and achieve synergetic effects.

Overcome the barriers of the skin: exosome therapy.

Exosomes are nano-sized cargos with a lipid bilayer structure carrying diverse biomolecules including lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. These small vesicles are secreted by most types of cells to communicate with each other. Since exosomes circulate through bodily fluids, they can transfer information not only to local cells but also to remote cells.

Mountain ginseng inhibits skeletal muscle atrophy by decreasing muscle RING finger protein-1 and atrogin1 through forkhead box O3 in L6 myotubes.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Mountain ginseng (Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer) is a medicinal herb with immune effects, muscle damage protection and energy metabolism effects.

Association of G-Protein β3 Subunit C825T Polymorphism with Seasonal Variations in Mood and Behavior.

Objective: Seasonal affective disorder and seasonal changes in mood and behavior are associated with several genes that regulate circadian rhythms. In this study, we investigated the relationship between the C825T polymorphism of the G-protein β3 subunit and seasonal variations in mood and behavior in a young healthy Korean population.

Methods: A total of 507 young Korean participants were recruited through a newspaper advertisement, and their seasonality was evaluated by the Korean version of the Seasonal Pattern Assessment Questionnaire to assess the global seasonality score (GSS).