Network Structure of Interpersonal Sensitivity in Patients With Mood Disorders: A Network Analysis.

Objective: Interpersonal sensitivity, characterized by a heightened awareness of others' behavior and emotions, is linked to mood disorders. However, current literature lacks a comprehensive analysis of how some items of the Interpersonal Sensitivity Measure (IPSM) interrelate and contribute to the overall construct. This study constructed a network for interpersonal sensitivity symptomatology to identify core IPSM items in patients with mood disorders.

Development and IND-enabling studies of a novel Cas9 genome-edited autologous CD34 cell therapy to induce fetal hemoglobin for sickle cell disease.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a common, severe genetic blood disorder. Current pharmacotherapies are partially effective and allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is associated with immune toxicities. Genome editing of patient hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) to reactivate fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in erythroid progeny offers an alternative potentially curative approach to treat SCD.

Genome-wide association analyses using machine learning-based phenotyping reveal genetic architecture of occupational creativity and overlap with psychiatric disorders.

Creativity is known to be heritable and exhibits familial aggregation with psychiatric disorders; however, the complex nature of their relationship has not been well-established. In the present study, we demonstrate that using an expanded and validated machine learning (ML)-based phenotyping of occupational creativity (OC) can allow us to further understand the trait of creativity, which was previously difficult to define and study. We conducted the largest genome-wide association study (GWAS) on OC with 241,736 participants from the UK Biobank and identified 25 lead variants that have not yet been reported and three candidate causal genes that were previously associated with educational attainment and psychiatric disorders.

Network structure of symptomatology of adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder in patients with mood disorders.

Patients with mood disorders commonly manifest comorbid psychiatric disorders, including attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, few studies have evaluated ADHD symptoms in this population. The current study aimed to explore the network structure of ADHD symptomology and identify central symptoms in patients with mood disorders.

Potent and uniform fetal hemoglobin induction via base editing.

Inducing fetal hemoglobin (HbF) in red blood cells can alleviate β-thalassemia and sickle cell disease. We compared five strategies in CD34 hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells, using either Cas9 nuclease or adenine base editors. The most potent modification was adenine base editor generation of γ-globin -175A>G.

Validation of the Short Form of the Mood Instability Questionnaire-Trait (MIQ-T-SF) in the Korean General Population.

Objective: Mood instability (MI) is a clinically significant trait associated with psychiatric disorders. However, there are no concise measurements to evaluate MI. The initial Mood Instability Questionnaire-Trait (MIQ-T) was developed to fill this gap.

Ex vivo prime editing of patient haematopoietic stem cells rescues sickle-cell disease phenotypes after engraftment in mice.

Sickle-cell disease (SCD) is caused by an A·T-to-T·A transversion mutation in the β-globin gene (HBB). Here we show that prime editing can correct the SCD allele (HBB) to wild type (HBB) at frequencies of 15%-41% in haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from patients with SCD. Seventeen weeks after transplantation into immunodeficient mice, prime-edited SCD HSPCs maintained HBB levels and displayed engraftment frequencies, haematopoietic differentiation and lineage maturation similar to those of unedited HSPCs from healthy donors.

Korean Validation of the Short Version of the TEMPS-A (Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire) in Patients with Mood Disorders.

Background And Objectives: The Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) is designed to assess affective temperaments. The short version of the TEMPS-A (TEMPS-A-SV) has been translated into various languages for use in research and clinical settings. However, no research has been conducted to validate the Korean version of the TEMPS-A-SV in patients with mood disorders.

Borderline Personality Pathology in Major Depressive Disorder, Bipolar I and II Disorder, and Its Relationship With Childhood Trauma.

Objective: Mood disorder and borderline personality pathology (BPP) are frequently comorbid and relate to childhood trauma. We investigated the relationship between childhood trauma and BPP features in mood disorder patients versus controls.

Methods: A total of 488 mood disorder patients, particularly major depressive disorder (MDD), bipolar I disorder (BD I), and bipolar II disorder (BD II), and 734 controls were included.

An RPS19-edited model for Diamond-Blackfan anemia reveals TP53-dependent impairment of hematopoietic stem cell activity.

Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) is a genetic blood disease caused by heterozygous loss-of-function mutations in ribosomal protein (RP) genes, most commonly RPS19. The signature feature of DBA is hypoplastic anemia occurring in infants, although some older patients develop multilineage cytopenias with bone marrow hypocellularity. The mechanism of anemia in DBA is not fully understood and even less is known about the pancytopenia that occurs later in life, in part because patient hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) are difficult to obtain, and the current experimental models are suboptimal.

Relationship between childhood trauma and resilience in patients with mood disorders.

Background: Childhood trauma has lasting negative impacts on individuals' psychological functioning. However, there is limited empirical evidence on the association between childhood trauma and resilience and none examining such relationship among diverse clinical populations. This study aimed to investigate the relationship in patients with major depressive disorder, bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder, and a comparison group.

Efficacy and safety of daily home-based transcranial direct current stimulation as adjunct treatment for bipolar depressive episodes: Double-blind sham-controlled randomized clinical trial.

Background: Although transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is known to be a promising therapeutic modality for unipolar depression, the efficacy and safety of tDCS for bipolar depressive episodes (BD) are still unknown and clinical trials of home-based tDCS treatment are scarce. As a result, we set out to investigate the efficacy and safety of home-based tDCS for the treatment BD.

Methods: Participants ( = 64), diagnosed as bipolar disorder as per the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM-5), were randomly assigned to receive tDCS.

Korean Validation of the Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire.

Objective: The Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris, and San Diego Autoquestionnaire (TEMPS-A) has been validated in more than 30 languages and is noted for its broad application in research and clinical settings. This study presents the first attempt to examine the reliability and validity of the TEMPS-A in Korea.

Methods: A total of 540 non-clinical participants completed the Korean TEMPS-A, which was adapted from the original English version via a comprehensive translation procedure.

Overexpression of Arabidopsis nucleolar GTP-binding 1 (NOG1) proteins confers drought tolerance in rice.

As a major adverse environmental factor in most parts of the world, drought causes substantial crop yield losses. Rice (Oryza sativa) is one of the staple foods for more than one-half of the world's population. Rice plants are sensitive to even mild drought stress and need almost twice the amount of water compared to wheat (Triticum aestivum) or maize (Zea mays).

Base editing of haematopoietic stem cells rescues sickle cell disease in mice.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is caused by a mutation in the β-globin gene HBB. We used a custom adenine base editor (ABE8e-NRCH) to convert the SCD allele (HBB) into Makassar β-globin (HBB), a non-pathogenic variant. Ex vivo delivery of mRNA encoding the base editor with a targeting guide RNA into haematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) from patients with SCD resulted in 80% conversion of HBB to HBB.

The relationships between cognitive control and psychological symptoms in patients with somatic symptom disorder: a pilot longitudinal study.

Introduction: The present study explored how neurocognitive function correlated with the clinical symptoms of somatic symptom disorder (SSD) by evaluating changes in cognitive abilities according to differences in relevant factors.

Methods: A total of 44 patients with SSD and 30 healthy controls completed tests assessing various neurocognitive domains, including verbal memory, psychomotor speed, executive function, working memory, and sustained and divided attention. They also completed questionnaires for psychological assessment.

Optimizing lentiviral vector transduction of hematopoietic stem cells for gene therapy.

Autologous gene therapy using lentiviral vectors (LVs) holds promise for treating monogenetic blood diseases. However, clinical applications can be limited by suboptimal hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) transduction and insufficient quantities of available vector. We recently reported gene therapy for X-linked severe combined immunodeficiency using a protocol in which patient CD34 cells were incubated with two successive transductions.

Restoration of mutant K-Ras repressed miR-199b inhibits K-Ras mutant non-small cell lung cancer progression.

Background: miRNAs play crucial role in the progression of K-Ras-mutated nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, most studies have focused on miRNAs that target K-Ras. Here, we investigated miRNAs regulated by mutant K-Ras and their functions.

Ephedrine-induced mitophagy via oxidative stress in human hepatic stellate cells.

The herb Ephedra sinica (also known as Chinese ephedra or Ma Huang), used in traditional Chinese medicine, contains alkaloids identical to ephedrine and pseudoephedrine as its principal active constituents. Recent studies have reported that ephedrine has various side effects in the cardiovascular and nervous systems. In addition, herbal Ephedra, a plant containing many pharmacologically active alkaloids, principally ephedrine, has been reported to cause acute hepatitis.

The Effects of Gymnema sylvestre in High-Fat Diet-Induced Metabolic Disorders.

This study used an integrated approach to investigate the effects of Gymnema sylvestre (GS) extract as a functional dietary supplement with a high-fat diet. This approach examined insulin resistance, the dysfunction of adipose tissue, and liver steatosis. Male C57BL/6J mice were fed a normal chow or high-fat diet (HFD) for the acute and chronic study, in addition to GS in different doses (100, 250 and 500[Formula: see text]mg/kg body weight).

Local Delivery of CTGF siRNA with Poly(sorbitol-co-PEI) Reduces Scar Contraction in Cutaneous Wound Healing.

Healing process in scarring inevitably produces a considerable amount of non-organized dense collagen-rich matrix called scar thus impairing the native structure of skin. Connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) overexpression within healing tissues is known to play an imperative role in collagen production stimulated by transforming growth factor-beta in cutaneous wound healing. Undoubtedly, the knockdown of CTGF expression through siRNA-mediated gene silencing could simply impede the scarring process.