Predictive value of sarcopenia and visceral obesity for postoperative pancreatic fistula after pancreaticoduodenectomy analyzed on clinically acquired CT and MRI.

Objective: To evaluate predictive values of sarcopenia and visceral obesity measured from preoperative CT/MRIs for postoperative pancreatic fistula (POPF) after pancreaticoduodenectomy in patients with periampullary malignancies.

Methods: From the prospectively constructed surgical registry, we included adult patients treated with pancreaticoduodenectomy. Based on CT/MRIs, body morphometric analysis was performed to evaluate the visceral obesity and sarcopenia, based on the areas of visceral fat and skeletal muscle measured at the L3 vertebrae level.

Optimal Phase of Dynamic Computed Tomography for Reliable Size Measurement of Metastatic Neuroendocrine Tumors of the Liver: Comparison between Pre- and Post-Contrast Phases.

Objective: The reliability of size measurements of liver metastases from neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) on contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) phases made by different readers may be hampered due to transient, variable rim enhancement in arterial phase (AP) or portal venous phase (PVP) images. We aimed to assess the reliability of tumor size measurements in pre- and post-contrast scans.

Materials And Methods: The study coordinator selected target lesions according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors 1.

Gastrosplenic fistula occurring in lymphoma patients: Systematic review with a new case of extranodal NK/T-cell lymphoma.

Aim: To provide the overall spectrum of gastrosplenic fistula (GSF) occurring in lymphomas through a systematic review including a patient at our hospital.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in the MEDLINE database to identify studies of GSF occurring in lymphomas. A computerized search of our institutional database was also performed.

CT Differentiation of Female Peritoneal Tuberculosis and Peritoneal Carcinomatosis From Normal-Sized Ovarian Cancer.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to analyze the computed tomography (CT) features of female peritoneal tuberculosis and peritoneal carcinomatosis from normal-sized ovarian cancer for their differentiation.

Materials And Methods: We analyzed the CT features of 18 female peritoneal tuberculosis and 17 peritoneal carcinomatosis with proven normal-sized ovarian carcinomas. Omental change, mesenteric change, parietal peritoneal thickening, lymph node enlargement, ascites, ovarian CT attenuation, and ovarian capsular change were analyzed.

Comparison of Knowledge-based Iterative Model Reconstruction and Hybrid Reconstruction Techniques for Liver CT Evaluation of Hypervascular Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Objective: The purpose of this work was to evaluate the image quality, lesion conspicuity, and dose reduction provided by knowledge-based iterative model reconstruction (IMR) in computed tomography (CT) of the liver compared with hybrid iterative reconstruction (IR) and filtered back projection (FBP) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Fifty-six patients with 61 HCCs who underwent multiphasic reduced-dose CT (RDCT; n = 33) or standard-dose CT (SDCT; n = 28) were retrospectively evaluated. Reconstructed images with FBP, hybrid IR (iDose), IMR were evaluated for image quality using CT attenuation and image noise.

Value of tumor vessel sign in isolated circumscribed hypervascular abdominopelvic mesenchymal tumors on multidetector computed tomography.

Objective: The objective was to determine the usefulness of the tumor vessel sign for differentiating the groups of circumscribed hypervascular abdominopelvic mesenchymal tumors.

Methods: We enrolled a total of 4 groups such as patients with gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) (26 patients), those with paraganglioma (9 patients), those with primary sarcomas (13 patients, excluding those with liposarcoma), and those with desmoid tumor (6 patients). The reviewers evaluated the presence of tumor vessels capable of directly tracing from the tumor margin to the named vessels.

Simultaneous occurrence of malignant fibrous histiocytoma and hepatocellular carcinoma in cirrhotic liver: A case report.

Primary hepatic malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH) is rarely encountered. There have been no reports to date of hepatic MFH associated with liver cirrhosis. The presence of liver cirrhosis is considered an adjunctive feature favoring sarcomatoid hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in the diagnosis of spindle cell tumors in liver.

Imaging features of benign solid testicular and paratesticular lesions.

Objective: The presence of an intratesticular solid lesion is usually highly suspicious for malignancy. Conversely, most extratesticular solid lesions including paratesticular lesions are benign. The characteristic imaging features of malignant solid testicular lesions are well known, but various unusual causes and imaging features of benign solid testicular lesions can be particularly misleading.

Unusual manifestations of renal cell carcinoma.

The imaging characteristics of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) vary widely, with masses ranging from cystic to solid, from homogeneous to heterogeneous and necrotic, from small to large, and from localized to extensive. Although the usual imaging features of RCC are well known to radiologists, various unusual imaging features can be particularly misleading; therefore, both usual and unusual imaging features should always be carefully assessed. In this pictorial review, we describe the following unusual imaging features: unusual subtypes, unusual tumor growth, unusual underlying disease, multiple and bilateral presentations, hemorrhage and arteriovenous fistula (AVF)-related presentations, and mimicking of benign tumors.

Intermittent sonographic guidance in air enemas for reduction of childhood intussusception.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to prospectively assess the value of intermittent sonographic guidance in nonsurgical air reduction of childhood intussusception.

Methods: The study group included 86 consecutive childhood intussusceptions confirmed on sonography for which we designed an air enema. With intermittent sonographic guidance of our own method, air was gradually injected to the initial intracolonic pressure of 60 mm Hg, which we attempted for 30 seconds on the initial attempt.

Metastasis of hepatocellular carcinoma to the small bowel manifested by intussusception.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly invasive tumor that metastasizes hematogenously and lymphogenously to distant site. Frequent sites are lung, regional lymph node, bone, and adrenal gland. But metastasis to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is rare, and most common site is stomach.

Operator-dependent techniques for graded compression sonography to detect the appendix and diagnose acute appendicitis.

Objective: The objective of our prospective study was to evaluate the value of various operator-dependent techniques that allow graded compression sonography to detect normal or abnormal vermiform appendix.

Subjects And Methods: A total of 877 subjects were included in this study. This sample population consisted of two groups: 202 control subjects and 675 patients who were suspected of having acute appendicitis.

Synovial sarcoma of the head and neck: a case of predominantly cystic mass.

We report a case of predominantly cystic synovial sarcoma partly adherent to the hyoid bone in the submental area. The mass demonstrated posterior acoustic enhancement at sonography and a complex cystic mass with mural nodules and solid septa at CT.

"Ovarian vascular pedicle" sign revealing organ of origin of a pelvic mass lesion on helical CT.

Objective: We evaluated the "ovarian vascular pedicle" sign as a way of differentiating ovarian from subserosal uterine lesions on single-detector helical CT.

Subjects And Methods: We prospectively evaluated 131 patients who had a pelvic mass suspected of originating in the ovary or subserosal zone of the uterus and had undergone helical CT before surgery. A total of 108 ovarian lesions and 23 subserosal uterine myomas were confirmed.

A case of simultaneous xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis and carcinoma of the gallbladder.

Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC) is a rare inflammatory disease of the gallbladder. Not only does XGC occasionally present as a mass formation with adjacent organ invasion like a malignant neoplasm, it can also infrequently be associated with gallbladder cancer. In the situation, it is difficult to make a differential diagnosis between the diseases.

A case of chronic pancreatitis associated with liver infarction and acrodermatitis enteropathica.

Liver infarction and acrodermatitis enteropathica are rare complications of chronic pancreatitis. This report shows the case of a 56-year-old man who developed liver infarction due to portal vein thrombosis from chronic pancreatitis and acrodermatitis enteropathica during the course of his treatment. The rare combination of these complications in a patient with chronic pancreatitis has never previously been reported in the literature.

Graded compression sonography with adjuvant use of a posterior manual compression technique in the sonographic diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Objective: We evaluated the usefulness of graded compression sonography with the adjuvant use of a posterior manual compression technique for detection of the vermiform appendix and the diagnosis of acute appendicitis.

Subjects And Methods: Five hundred seventy consecutive patients referred for suspected acute appendicitis were prospectively examined by original, graded compression sonography with a 5- or a 7.5-MHz linear transducer.