Age-Dependent Relationship between Self-Esteem and Depressive Symptoms in Korean Adolescents: a Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies.

Self-esteem is a powerful protective factor against depressive symptoms, with cognitive vulnerability theory suggesting that early self-esteem more strongly predicts later depressive symptoms than vice versa. While some meta-analyses have examined these relationships, limited knowledge exists on the prospective relationship between self-esteem and depressive symptoms, particularly how it changes with age. This study conducted a longitudinal meta-analysis of nine studies (20,733 participants) on the prospective relationship between self-esteem and depressive symptoms in Korean children and adolescents.

Extract, Including Caffeoylquinic Acids as the Main Constituents, Induces PPAR β/δ-Dependent Muscle-Type Change and Myogenesis in Apolipoprotein E Knockout Mice.

To probe the functions of (AG) extract containing various caffeoylquinic acids on dyslipidemia, obesity, and skeletal muscle-related diseases focused on the roles of skeletal muscle, we measured the levels of biomarkers involved in oxidative phosphorylation and type change of skeletal muscle in CC cells and skeletal muscle tissues from apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE KO) mice. After AG extract treatment in cell and animal experiments, western blotting, immunohistochemistry, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to estimate the levels of proteins that participated in skeletal muscle type change and oxidative phosphorylation. AG extract elevated protein expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), phosphorylated 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta (PPARβ/δ), myoblast determination protein 1 (MyoD), and myoglobin in skeletal muscle tissues.

Buspirone Induces Weight Loss and Normalization of Blood Pressure via the Stimulation of PPAR Dependent Energy Producing Pathway in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats.

Introduction: Buspirone, as a partial agonist for a 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor 1A (5-HT1A), has been prescribed as an anxiolytic drug for patients. In addition, the lowering effect of serotonin on blood pressure was reported in hypertensive animal model. We investigated the therapeutic mechanism of buspirone against lipid metabolism disturbed by hypertension of early stage via hypertensive and obese animal model.

Evaluating the Quality of Classification in Mixture Model Simulations.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the degree of classification quality in the basic latent class model when covariates are either included or are not included in the model. To accomplish this task, Monte Carlo simulations were conducted in which the results of models with and without a covariate were compared. Based on these simulations, it was determined that models without a covariate better predicted the number of classes.

Continuity and Stability of Child and Adolescent Depressive Symptoms in South Korea: A Meta-analysis of Longitudinal Studies.

Many adolescents in South Korea experience risk-level depressive symptoms due to stress caused by personal and environmental changes. Prior studies investigated various characteristics of depressive symptoms. However, it is unclear when the mean level of depression changes with the development of children and adolescents and whether it is stable relative to one another over time.

Stimulation of Alpha-1-Adrenergic Receptor Ameliorates Obesity-Induced Cataracts by Activating Glycolysis and Inhibiting Cataract-Inducing Factors.

Background: Obesity, the prevalence of which is increasing due to the lack of exercise and increased consumption of Westernized diets, induces various complications, including ophthalmic diseases. For example, obesity is involved in the onset of cataracts.

Methods: To clarify the effects and mechanisms of midodrine, an α1-adrenergic receptor agonist, in cataracts induced by obesity, we conducted various analytic experiments in Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima Fatty (OLETF) rats, a rat model of obesity.

Aspirin Improves Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Atherosclerosis through Regulation of the PPAR-AMPK-PGC-1 Pathway in Dyslipidemic Conditions.

This study is aimed at elucidating how aspirin could systemically and simultaneously normalize nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and atherosclerosis through both and studies in hyperlipidemic conditions. We evaluated the effects and mechanism of aspirin on the levels of various biomarkers related to NAFLD, atherosclerosis, and oxidative phosphorylation in cells and animals of hyperlipidemic conditions. The protein levels of biomarkers (PPAR, AMPK, and PGC-1) involved in oxidative phosphorylation in both the vascular endothelial and liver cells were elevated by the aspirin in hyperlipidemic condition.

Corrigendum to "Caffeoylquinic Acid-Rich Extract of F. Schmidt Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver through the Regulation of PPAR and Adiponectin in ApoE KO Mice".

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1155/2017/3912567.].

A Comparison of Different Nonnormal Distributions in Growth Mixture Models.

The purpose of the present study is to compare nonnormal distributions (i.e., , skew-normal, skew- with equal skew and skew- with unequal skew) in growth mixture models (GMMs) based on diverse conditions of a number of time points, sample sizes, and skewness for intercepts.

6-Gingerol Normalizes the Expression of Biomarkers Related to Hypertension via PPAR in HUVECs, HEK293, and Differentiated 3T3-L1 Cells.

Hypertension is a disease with a high prevalence and high mortality rates worldwide. In addition, various factors, such as genetic predisposition, lifestyle factors, and the abnormality of organs related to blood pressure, are involved in the development of hypertension. However, at present, there are few available drugs for hypertension that do not induce side effects.

Extract Containing Caffeoylquinic Compounds Protects Human Keratinocytes through the TRPV4-PPAR-AMPK Pathway.

(AG) has been used in cooking and as a medicine to treat various diseases for over hundreds of years in Korea. To speculate the protective effects of AG on skin barrier, we estimated the protein levels of biomarkers related to skin barrier protection in human keratinocytes, HaCaT cells treated with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), or 2,4-dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB). The protein levels for keratin, involucrin, defensin, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPAR), 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 2 (SPTLC2), and transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 4 (TRPV4) were evaluated using western blotting or immunocytochemistry in HaCaT cells.

Caffeoylquinic Acid-Rich Extract of F. Schmidt Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver through the Regulation of PPAR and Adiponectin in ApoE KO Mice.

is well known for its therapeutic properties. This study was performed to investigate the effects of on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in atherosclerotic condition, by determining the levels of biomarkers related to lipid metabolism and inflammation in serum, liver, and adipose tissue. Body and abdominal adipose tissue weights and serum triglyceride level decreased in all groups treated with .

Fimasartan Ameliorates Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease through PPAR Regulation in Hyperlipidemic and Hypertensive Conditions.

To investigate the effects of fimasartan on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in hyperlipidemic and hypertensive conditions, the levels of biomarkers related to fatty acid metabolism were determined in HepG2 and differentiated 3T3-L1 cells treated by high fatty acid and liver and visceral fat tissue samples of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs) given high-fat diet. In HepG2 cells and liver tissues, fimasartan was shown to increase the protein levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor delta (PPAR), phosphorylated 5' adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), phosphorylated acetyl-CoA carboxylase (p-ACC), malonyl-CoA decarboxylase (MCD), medium chain acyl-CoA dehydrogenase (MCAD), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1), and it led to a decrease in the protein levels of 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 1 (11-HSDH1), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-). Fimasartan decreased lipid contents in HepG2 and differentiated 3T3-L1 cells and liver tissues.