Simultaneous hypersensitivity reactions to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin-clavulanate in a dog.

Antibiotics are known to be able to cause hypersensitivity reactions through various mechanisms. We present a case of drug-induced immune thrombocytopenia (DITP) and anaphylactic shock occurring simultaneously in a dog after the administration of two classes of antibiotics, namely trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) and amoxicillin-clavulanate (AMC). The patient recovered completely from DITP on discontinuation of TMP-SMX and the anaphylactic shock caused by AMC was treated with intensive care.

Non-Targeted Metabolomics Approach Revealed Significant Changes in Metabolic Pathways in Patients with Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy.

Chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) is a neurodegenerative disease that is frequently found in athletes and those who have experienced repetitive head traumas. CTE is associated with a variety of neuropathologies, which cause cognitive and behavioral impairments in CTE patients. However, currently, CTE can only be diagnosed after death via brain autopsy, and it is challenging to distinguish it from other neurodegenerative diseases with similar clinical features.

Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Modulatory Effects of Synbio-Glucan in an Atopic Dermatitis Mouse Model.

Many trials have been conducted to treat atopic dermatitis (AD), but these therapies are generally unsuccessful because of their insufficiency or side effects. This study examined the efficacy of β-glucan derived from oats with fermented probiotics (called Synbio-glucan) on an AD-induced mouse model. For the experiment, Nc/Nga mice were exposed to a house dust mite extract (HDM) to induce AD.

Serum Concentration of Inflammatory Cytokines in Dogs with Suspected Acute Pancreatitis.

Acute pancreatitis is an acute inflammatory process in the pancreas that is common in dogs. This study was designed to compare cytokines between healthy dogs and dogs with suspected acute pancreatitis. For the canine cytokine antibody array, three healthy dogs and three dogs with suspected acute pancreatitis were included.

The risk of hip fractures in individuals over 50 years old with prediabetes and type 2 diabetes - A longitudinal nationwide population-based study.

Background: The present study aimed to investigate the association between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and hip fractures using a large-scale nationwide population-based cohort that is representative of the Republic of Korea. We determined the risks of hip fractures in individuals with prediabetes and T2DM with different diabetes durations, and compared them with the risks of hip fractures in individuals without T2DM.

Methods: A total of 5,761,785 subjects over 50 years old who underwent the National Health Insurance Service medical checkup in 2009-2010 were included.

Comparison of the presentation of atopic dermatitis induced by trinitrochlorobenzene and house dust mite in NC/Nga mice.

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common chronic inflammatory skin disease. To understand AD, there have been many trials establishing AD animal models. Although various trials to establish AD animal models have been existed, even the mechanisms of AD in animal models are not enough clarified.

Metabolomic Analysis Identifies Alterations of Amino Acid Metabolome Signatures in the Postmortem Brain of Alzheimer's Disease.

Despite significant advances in neuroscience research over the past several decades, the exact cause of AD has not yet fully understood. The metabolic hypothesis as well as the amyloid and tau hypotheses have been proposed to be associated with AD pathogenesis. In order to identify metabolome signatures from the postmortem brains of sporadic AD patients and control subjects, we performed ultra performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap-Orbitrap mass spectrometer (UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS).

Safety assessment of trans-tympanic photobiomodulation.

We evaluated functional and morphological changes after trans-tympanic laser application using several different powers of photobiomodulation (PBM). The left (L) ears of 17 rats were irradiated for 30 min daily over 14 days using a power density of 909.1 (group A, 5040 J), 1136.

Focal adhesion kinase and Src expression in premalignant and malignant skin lesions.

Focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and Src are non-receptor tyrosine kinases. FAK and Src play a critical role in inducing malignant transformation in tumor cells. We performed immunohistochemical staining for total and phosphorylated forms of FAK and Src, to evaluate the role of FAK and Src in the development of premalignant and malignant skin lesions.

Treatment of nevus of Ota using low fluence Q-switched Nd:YAG laser.

Background: Nevus of Ota, caused by dermal melanocytosis, is cosmetically troublesome in Asian patients. The destruction of dermal melanocytosis using Q-switched laser systems carries a high risk of postinflammatory hyperpigmentation/hypopigmentation.

Methods: To determine the usefulness, safety, and adverse problems of low fluence 1064 nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser in the treatment of nevus of Ota, 19 Korean patients (five male and 14 female; Fitzpatrick skin type IV) who were clinically diagnosed as having nevus of Ota were enrolled in the present study.

Medial or medio-lateral graft tympanoplasty for repair of tympanic membrane perforation.

Objective: To describe and evaluate the medio-lateral graft tympanoplasty(1) for the reconstruction of anterior or subtotal tympanic membrane (TM) perforation and medial graft tympanoplasty for posterior TM perforation.

Methods: Retrospective study of 200 patients who underwent medio-lateral graft tympanoplasty (100 cases) and medial graft tympanoplasty (100 cases) at community and tertiary care medical centers from 1995 to 2006. All patients underwent preoperative and postoperative audiograms.