Three-Dimensional Bioprinting of Tarsal Plates with Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: Evaluation of Meibomian Gland Reconstruction in a Rat Model.

The aim of this study was to develop 3D-bioprinted scaffolds embedded with human adipose-derived stem cells (hADSCs) to reconstruct the tarsal plate in a rat model. Scaffolds were printed using a 3D bioprinter with a bioink composed of atelocollagen and alginate. hADSCs (5 × 10 cells/mL) were embedded within the bioink.

Polyhexamethylene Guanidine Phosphate Induces Restrictive Ventilation Defect and Alters Lung Resistance and Compliance in Mice.

Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-p), a major ingredient of humidifier disinfectants, is known to induce inflammation, interstitial pneumonitis, and fibrosis in the lungs. While its histopathologic toxicities have been studied in rodents, research on pulmonary function test (PFT) changes following PHMG-p exposure is limited. This study aimed to investigate the acute and chronic effects, as well as the dose and time response, of PHMG-p on the lungs in mice using PFT and histopathologic examinations.

Longitudinal long term follow up investigation on the carcinogenic impact of polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate in rat models.

Polyhexamethylene guanidine phosphate (PHMG-p) is a major component in humidifier disinfectants, which cause life-threatening lung injuries. However, to our knowledge, no published studies have investigated associations between PHMG-p dose and lung damage severity with long-term follow-up. Therefore, we evaluated longitudinal dose-dependent changes in lung injuries using repeated chest computed tomography (CT).

Development of service standards and manpower calculation criteria for hospital clinical pharmacies in South Korea: a survey-based study.

Background: After the revision of the Korean Pharmaceutical Affairs Act, the certification of specialized pharmacists is scheduled to be legally recognized in 2023. Considering that the specialized pharmacist certification was developed based on the working model of hospital clinical pharmacists, it is necessary to establish standards for clinical pharmacists in hospitals and to calculate appropriate manpower. Through this study, we aim to establish practical standards for clinical pharmacists and propose a method for calculating staffing levels based on an investigation of actual workloads.

Enhanced Interlayer Charge Injection Efficiency in 2D Multilayer ReS via Vertical Double-Side Contacts.

Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) layered materials have provided novel opportunities to explore interesting physical properties such as thickness-dependent bandgap, moiré excitons, superconductivity, and superfluidity. However, the presence of interlayer resistance along the thickness and Schottky barrier in metal-to-2D vdW semiconducting materials causes a limited interlayer charge injection efficiency, perturbing various intrinsic properties of 2D vdW multilayers. Herein, we report a simple but powerful contact electrode design to enhance interlayer carrier injection efficiency along the thickness by constructing vertical double-side contact (VDC) electrodes.

Synthesis of antibacterial hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and silver nanoparticle biocomposites via solution plasma using silver electrodes.

The biocomposites of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)/silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using the solution plasma process (SPP). HPMC/AgNPs were synthesized in 1-5 % HPMC solutions using silver electrodes. UV-Vis spectroscopy showed a peak near 400 nm and the peak increased as the concentration of HPMC and discharge time increased.

Vitamin D Enhanced the Osteogenic Differentiation of Cell Spheroids Composed of Bone Marrow Stem Cells.

Vitamin D is a bone modulator widely used in regenerative medicine. This study aimed to analyze the effects of vitamin D on the osteogenic differentiation and mineralization of human mesenchymal stem cells. Spheroids were fabricated using human bone marrow-derived stem cells, and were cultured in the presence of vitamin D at concentrations of 0, 0.

Association between Statin Use and Sensorineural Hearing Loss in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Hospital-Based Study.

Statins have emerged as protective agents against sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) associated with dyslipidemia, but the effects of statins on SNHL are not consistent. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between statin use and the risk of SNHL using a hospital cohort. This nested case-control study included type 2 diabetic patients over the age of 18 years without a history of hearing loss.

Effects of noni on cellular viability and osteogenic differentiation of gingiva-derived stem cells demonstrated by RNA sequencing and quantitative PCR.

Noni fruit () has been widely used in traditional medicine across tropical and subtropical regions, and is now being paid more attention in Western medicine. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of noni extract on the change in the cellular morphology, maintenance of cellular viability and enhancement of osteogenic differentiation of stem cells. Stem cells obtained from gingiva were cultured where noni extracts existed at concentrations ranging from 10-200 ng/ml.

NELL-1 Increased the Osteogenic Differentiation and mRNA Expression of Spheroids Composed of Stem Cells.

NELL-1 is a competent growth factor and it reported to target cells committed to the osteochondral lineage. The secreted, osteoinductive glycoproteins are reported to rheostatically control skeletal ossification. This study was performed to determine the effects of NELL-1 on spheroid morphology and cell viability and the promotion of osteogenic differentiation of stem cell spheroids.

Prognostic Factors for Overall Survival in Patients with Hormone Receptor-Positive Advanced Breast Cancer: Analyses From PALOMA-3.

Background: This analysis investigated whether baseline characteristics affect the survival benefit derived from palbociclib-fulvestrant and the optimal timing of cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor therapy for advanced breast cancer (ABC) in patients from PALOMA-3.

Patients And Methods: In total, 521 patients were randomized 2:1 to receive palbociclib (125 mg/day, 3/1 schedule)-fulvestrant (500 mg, intramuscular injection, on days 1 and 15 of cycle 1, and then day 1 of each subsequent cycle) or matching placebo-fulvestrant. Median overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Evaluation of the Effects of on Cellular Viability, Osteogenic Differentiation and Mineralization of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Stem Cells.

L. has long been used in the treatment of various diseases in multiple geographical regions. This study was performed to determine the effects of methanolic extract (CCT) on the cellular viability, alkaline phosphatase activity and mineralization of human mesenchymal stem cells.

Effects of proton pump inhibitor use on risk of Clostridium difficile infection: a hospital cohort study.

Background: Although there are several studies on the association between use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) and increased Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) risk, detailed studies analyzing the effects of PPI use on CDI risk are lacking. The present study investigated the association of the dose, duration, and types of PPIs with CDI risk.

Methods: A single-center, cohort study was conducted on patients admitted to a hospital.

Insulin resistance mediates high-fat diet-induced pulmonary fibrosis and airway hyperresponsiveness through the TGF-β1 pathway.

Prior studies have reported the presence of lung fibrosis and enhanced airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) in mice with high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced obesity. This study evaluated the role of TGF-β1 in HFD-induced AHR and lung fibrosis in a murine model. We generated HFD-induced obesity mice and performed glucose and insulin tolerance tests.

Orthodontic and orthopedic treatment for a growing patient with Tessier number 0 cleft.

The purpose of this case report was to introduce the concept of orthodontic and orthopedic treatment for a growing patient with Tessier number 0 cleft. A 5-year-old boy patient with Tessier number 0 cleft presented congenitally missing maxillary central incisors (MXCI), a bony defect at the premaxilla, a constricted maxillary arch, an anterior openbite, and maxillary hypoplasia. His treatment was divided into three stages: management of the bony defect at the premaxilla and the congenitally missing MXCIs using a fan-type expansion plate, iliac bone grafting, and eruption guidance of the maxillary lateral incisors into the graft area for substitution of MXCIs; management of the maxillary hypoplasia using sequential facemask therapy with conventional and skeletal anchorage; and management of the remaining occlusal problems using fixed orthodontic treatment.

Factors affecting time to reach and recover from gefitinib-induced hepatotoxicity.

Gefitinib is an oral tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) for non-small-cell lung cancer with EGFR mutations. Although a few studies have analyzed the causes of gefitinib-induced hepatotoxicity, research focusing on the time intervals before and after hepatotoxicity has yet to be reported. Therefore, this study investigated two types of factors: the time to reach gefitinib-induced hepatotoxicity and the time for recovery.

Potential of serum soluble CD93 as a biomarker for asthma in an ovalbumin-induced asthma murine model.

Background: CD93 is a membrane-associated glycoprotein, which can be released in a soluble form (sCD93) into the serum. CD93 has received renewed attention as a candidate biomarker of inflammation in various inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases, including asthma.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the effects of airway inflammation on CD93 levels in murine models.

Alignment Strategy for Constricted Maxillary Dental Arch in Patients With Unilateral Cleft Lip and Palate Using Fixed Orthodontic Appliance.

The purpose of this study was to compare the alignment pattern of the constricted maxillary dental arch by fixed orthodontic treatment (FOT) in the well-aligned and constricted arches of unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) patients. 19 UCLP patients were divided into Group 1 (well-aligned arch, n = 9) and Group 2 (constricted arch, n = 10). After the cephalometric and maxillary dental arch variables before (T1) and after FOT (T2) were measured, statistical analysis was performed.

Intracellular ROS levels determine the apoptotic potential of keratinocyte by Quantum Dot via blockade of AKT Phosphorylation.

Quantum dots (QDs) have shown great potential for biomedical use in a broad range including diagnostic agents. However, the regulatory mechanism of dermal toxicity is poorly understood. In this study, we investigated how QDs-induced apoptosis is regulated in human keratinocytes.

Soluble CD93 in Serum as a Marker of Allergic Inflammation.

Purpose: CD93 is receiving renewed attention as a biomarker of inflammation. We aimed to evaluate the potential for serum sCD93 to serve as a novel biomarker for allergic inflammation.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 348 subjects with an allergic disease [allergic rhinitis (AR), chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU), or bronchial asthma (BA)], including 14 steroid-naïve BA patients who were serially followed-up.

Toxic and adjuvant effects of silica nanoparticles on ovalbumin-induced allergic airway inflammation in mice.

Background: Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) can easily enter in respiratory system via inhalation because of their low molecular weight and ease of dispersion. Toxicity and adverse effects of SNPs vary according to the physical characteristics of the particle.

Methods: To evaluate the toxic and adjuvant effects of 3 types of SNPs in the airway system, six-week-old female BALB/c mice were intranasally administered 3 types of SNPs (spherical [S-SNP], mesoporous [M-SNP], and polyethylene glycol-conjugated [P-SNP]) alone or SNPs/ovalbumin (OVA), three times weekly for 2 weeks.