Unilateral temporomandibular joint disorders diagnosed as both disc displacement without reduction and osteoarthritis show vertical craniofacial asymmetry in women.

This study investigated the effects of unilateral temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJDs), specifically disc displacement without reduction and osteoarthritis on one side of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ), on facial asymmetry in women, while the contralateral TMJ exhibits normal findings. Participants were retrospectively enrolled and divided into an affected group (n = 42 with unilateral TMJD) and a control group (n = 49 with bilateral healthy TMJs). The affected group was dagnosed with osteoarthritis on cone-bema computed tomograph and anterior disk displacement without reduction on magnetic resonance imaging.

Radiofrequency Ablation for Recurrent Thyroid Cancers: 2025 Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology Guideline.

Radiofrequency ablation (RFA) is a minimally invasive treatment modality used as an alternative to surgery in patients with benign thyroid nodules, recurrent thyroid cancers (RTCs), and primary thyroid microcarcinomas. The Korean Society of Thyroid Radiology (KSThR) initially developed recommendations for the optimal use of RFA for thyroid tumors in 2009 and revised them in 2012 and 2017. As new meaningful evidence has accumulated since 2017 and in response to a growing global interest in the use of RFA for treating malignant thyroid lesions, the task force committee members of the KSThR decided to update the guidelines on the use of RFA for the management of RTCs based on a comprehensive analysis of current literature and expert consensus.

Pemetrexed Maintenance versus Observation in Patients with Advanced Urothelial Carcinoma Who Completed First-line Platinum-based Chemotherapy without Disease Progression (PREMIER, KCSG GU16-05).

Purpose: Platinum-based chemotherapy is the standard treatment for advanced urothelial carcinoma (aUC). Switch maintenance therapy after first-line (1L) treatment may delay disease progression. This study evaluated pemetrexed as switch maintenance therapy versus observation in aUC patients without disease progression after initial chemotherapy.

Generating synthetic CT images from unpaired head and neck CBCT images and validating the importance of detailed nasal cavity acquisition through simulations.

Background And Objective: Computed tomography (CT) of the head and neck is crucial for diagnosing internal structures. The demand for substituting traditional CT with cone beam CT (CBCT) exists because of its cost-effectiveness and reduced radiation exposure. However, CBCT cannot accurately depict airway shapes owing to image noise.

Near-Normalized Maxillomandibular Relationship and Upper Airway in Infants with Robin Sequence Treated with Stanford Orthodontic Airway Plate: Computed Tomography Study.

Objective: To assess craniofacial and upper airway growth in infants with Robin sequence (RS) during the 1 year of life when their severe upper airway obstruction was treated non-surgically with the Stanford orthodontic airway plate treatment program (SOAP).

Design: Retrospective longitudinal cohort study comparing SOAP-treated infants with RS (treatment group) with age-matched healthy controls (HC) using computed tomography (CT).

Setting: Single tertiary referral hospital.

Deeply Implantable, Shape-Morphing, 3D MicroLEDs for Pancreatic Cancer Therapy.

Controlled photooxidation-mediated disruption of collagens in the tumor microenvironment can reduce desmoplasia and enhance immune responsiveness. However, achieving effective light delivery to solid tumors, particularly those with dynamic volumetric changes like pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), remains challenging and limits the repeated and sustained photoactivation of drugs. Here, 3D, shape-morphing, implantable photonic devices (IPDs) are introduced that enable tumor-specific and continuous light irradiation for effective metronomic photodynamic therapy (mPDT).

Pharmacokinetics, toxicities, and tissue concentrations of belotecan sprayed by rotational intraperitoneal pressurized aerosol chemotherapy in a pig model.

Objective: We evaluated the pharmacokinetics, tissue concentrations, and toxicities of belotecan during rotational intraperitoneal pressurized aerosol chemotherapy (RIPAC) in pigs.

Methods: We sprayed belotecan in 10% and 30% of doses for intravenous chemotherapy in six pigs (cohort 1, n=3, 0.50 mg/m²; cohort 2, n=3, 1.

Phase 2 trial of avelumab in combination with gemcitabine in advanced leiomyosarcoma as a second-line treatment (EAGLES, Korean Cancer Study Group UN18-09).

Background: In this single-arm, multicenter, phase 2 trial, the authors evaluated the efficacy and safety of avelumab plus gemcitabine in patients with leiomyosarcoma (LMS) who failed on first-line chemotherapy.

Methods: Patients with advanced LMS received avelumab 10 mg/kg on days 1 and 15 (for up to 24 months) plus gemcitabine 1000 mg/m on days 1, 8, and 15 of a 28-day cycle until they developed disease progression or intolerable toxicity. The primary end point was the objective response rate (ORR).

Image quality-based dose optimization in pediatric cone-beam computed tomography: A pilot methodological study.

Purpose: This study aimed to propose a methodological approach for reducing the radiation dose in pediatric conebeam computed tomography (CBCT), focusing exclusively on balancing image quality with dose optimization.

Materials And Methods: The dose-area product (DAP) for exposure was reduced using copper-plate attenuation of an X-ray source. The thickness of copper (Cu) was increased from 0 to 2.

Anti-fibrogenic effect of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cell-conditioned media in human esophageal fibroblasts.

Esophageal fibrosis can develop due to caustic or radiation injuries. Umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) are known to mitigate fibrosis in various organs. However, the potential effects of UC-MSCs on human esophageal fibrosis remain underexplored.

Prenatal exposure to air pollutants and the risk of congenital heart disease: a Korean national health insurance database-based study.

Air pollution and heavy metal exposure are emerging public health concerns. Prenatal exposure to air pollutants and heavy metals has been implicated in the development of congenital heart disease (CHD). However, the relationship between exposure to airborne heavy metals and CHD has not yet been investigated.

The effect of human albumin administration on postoperative renal function following major surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Optimal fluid management during major surgery is of considerable concern to anesthesiologists. Although crystalloids are the first choice for fluid management, the administration of large volumes of crystalloids is associated with poor postoperative outcomes. Albumin can be used for fluid management and may protect renal function.

Income Dynamics and Risk of Colorectal Cancer in Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes: A Nationwide Population-based Cohort Study.

Background: Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have increased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk, but it is unknown whether income dynamics are associated with CRC risk in these individuals. We examined whether persistent low- or high-income and income changes are associated with CRC risk in non-elderly adults with T2DM.

Methods: Using nationally representative data from the Korean Health Insurance Service database, 1,909,492 adults aged 30 to 64 years with T2DM and no history of cancer were included between 2009 and 2012 (median follow-up of 7.

Efficacy and safety of perioperative melatonin for postoperative delirium in patients undergoing surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To assess the efficacy and safety of perioperative melatonin and melatonin agonists in preventing postoperative delirium (POD).

Methods: We conducted a systematic search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published through December 2022. The primary outcome was efficacy based on the incidence of POD (POD-I).

Mexenone protects mice from LPS-induced sepsis by EC barrier stabilization.

Blood vessels permit the selective passage of molecules and immune cells between tissues and circulation. Uncontrolled inflammatory responses from an infection can increase vascular permeability and edema, which can occasionally lead to fatal organ failure. We identified mexenone as a vascular permeability blocker by testing 2,910 compounds in the Clinically Applied Compound Library using the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced vascular permeability assay.

Association between glycemic status and the risk of gastric cancer in pre/peri-and postmenopausal women: A nationwide cohort study.

Purpose: This study aimed to assess the correlation between glycemic status (prediabetes and type 2 diabetes mellitus) and the risk of gastric cancer according to menopausal status.

Methods: A total of 982,559 pre/peri-menopausal and 1445,419 postmenopausal women aged ≥ 40, who underwent the Korean national health screening in 2009, were included and followed up until 2018. Hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated for development of gastric cancers according to hyperglycemic status in both groups using Cox proportional hazards models.