Nanotechnology-Based Strategies for Safe and Effective Immunotherapy.

Cancer immunotherapy using immune checkpoint blockades has emerged as a promising therapeutic approach. However, immunotherapy faces challenges such as low response rates in solid tumors, necessitating strategies to remodel the immune-suppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) into an immune-activated state. One of the primary approaches to achieve this transformation is through the induction of immunogenic cell death (ICD).

Ethyl acetate fraction from Angelica sinensis inhibits IL-1β-induced rheumatoid synovial fibroblast proliferation and COX-2, PGE2, and MMPs production.

Background: The root of Angelica sinensis (AS), also known as "Dang-gui," was a popular herbal medicine widely used in the treatment of gynecological diseases in China, Korea, and Japan for a long time. This study aimed to determine the effects of ethyl acetate fraction from Angelica sinensis (EAAS) on the interleukin-1β (IL-1β)-induced proliferation of rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs), and production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), cyclooxygenase (COX) 2, and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), involved in articular bone and cartilage destruction, by RASFs.

Results: RASF proliferation was evaluated with cholecystokinin octapeptide (CCK-8) reagent in the presence of IL-1β with/without EAAS.