Diagnosis, Treatment, and Follow-Up of Giant-Cell Arteritis: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Background And Purpose: Giant-cell arteritis (GCA) is the most common type of vasculitis in the elderly and is associated with high risks of visual loss and recurrence. Owing to its rarity in Asian populations, the current clinical interventions for these patients are not well known. Here we aimed to characterize the current management status of patients with GCA using Korean multicenter data.

A higher probability of subsequent stroke and ischemic heart disease in migraine patients: a longitudinal follow-up study in Korea.

Background: Whether migraine is related to the risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) remains unclear. Therefore, we conducted a longitudinal follow-up study to address the association between migraine and the development of CVDs in Korea.

Methods: Using data from the national health screening cohort, we included 45,246 patients diagnosed with migraine between 2002 and 2019 and age-, sex-, income-, and residential region-matched nonmigraine participants at a ratio of 1:4.

Longitudinal study of the inverse relationship between Parkinson's disease and cancer in Korea.

Despite growing epidemiological evidence, the relationship between Parkinson's disease (PD) and cancer has not been conclusively demonstrated, and related studies are scarce in the Asian population. We aimed to determine the association between PD and subsequent development of various cancers from longitudinal data of a representative sample of Korean adults aged ≥40 years. We retrospectively identified 8381 patients diagnosed with PD from 2002 to 2019 using claims data among 514,866 people of random samples from the Korean National Health Insurance database.

Clinical application of functional near-infrared spectroscopy for burn assessment.

Early assessment of local tissue oxygen saturation is essential for clinicians to determine the burn wound severity. We assessed the burn extent and depth in the skin of the extremities using a custom-built 36-channel functional near-infrared spectroscopy system in patients with burns. A total of nine patients with burns were analyzed in this study.

Longitudinal follow-up study of the association with gout and Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease in Korea.

To date, no clear conclusion on the relationships of gout with the occurrence of typical neurodegenerative diseases, Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD), has been reached. This study aimed to determine whether the patients with gout are at a lower or higher probability of developing AD or PD than those without gout. Longitudinal follow-up data of a representative sample of Korean adults were assessed.

Frontal lobe hemodynamics detected by functional near-infrared spectroscopy during head-up tilt table tests in patients with electrical burns.

Significance: Electrical burns can cause severe damage to the nervous system, resulting in autonomic dysfunction with reduced cerebral perfusion. However, few studies have investigated these consequences.

Aim: To elucidate changes in prefrontal cerebral hemodynamics using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during the head-up tilt table test (HUT) for patients with electrical burns.

Miller Fisher syndrome following COVID-19 vaccines: A scoping review.

Background And Purpose: Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS), a variant of Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS), could be underestimated in evaluations of its adverse events (AEs) following COVID-19 vaccination. We aimed to identify and characterize MFS following COVID-19 vaccination.

Materials And Methods: Relevant studies reported on during the COVID-19 pandemic were identified in the MEDLINE, Embase, and other databases.

Changes in the Incidence of Cardiovascular Diseases during the COVID-19 Pandemic in Korea.

There is scarcity in the evidence addressing the indirect impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the epidemiology of CVDs. In this study we aimed to examine possible changes in the incidence of CVDs in Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic. ICD-10 codes of six common CVDs (cerebral hemorrhage, cerebral infarction, myocardial infarction, ischemic heart disease, cardiac failure, and arrhythmia) were collected from clinical visits between January 2018 and March 2021 using the National Health Insurance service database, which stores data on all citizens of Korea (~50 million people).

Association Between Various Types or Statuses of Smoking and Subjective Cognitive Decline Based on a Community Health Survey of Korean Adults.

Objectives: The relationship between smoking and subjective cognitive decline (SCD), which is defined as the subjective perception of cognitive decline, is not well known. This study aimed to investigate the relationship of various types of smoking, including E-cigarette smoking and the use of E-liquid, with the incidence of SCD among Korean adults.

Methods: We evaluated the 2018 Korean Community Health Survey data collected from community-dwelling people in Korea.

Association between Proton Pump Inhibitor Use and Parkinson's Disease in a Korean Population.

Few studies have shown an increased risk of Parkinson’s disease (PD) with the use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), and the pathophysiological mechanism for this association has not been unveiled. This study examined the relationship between PPI use and PD in a Korean population. We investigated 3026 PD patients and 12,104 controls who were matched by age, sex, income, and region of residence at a ratio of 1:4 in the Korean National Health Insurance Service, National Sample Cohort between 2002 and 2015.

The Association Between Thyroid Diseases and Alzheimer's Disease in a National Health Screening Cohort in Korea.

Objectives: Thyroid dysfunction is linked to an increased risk of cognitive impairment. However, studies on the relationships between thyroid diseases and Alzheimer's disease (AD) have reported conflicting results. We investigated the associations between several thyroid diseases and AD in a nested case-control study.

The Association of Pre-existing Diagnoses of Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease and Coronavirus Disease 2019 Infection, Severity and Mortality: Results From the Korean National Health Insurance Database.

Objectives: Despite the numerous studies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), data regarding the impact of pre-existing diagnoses of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Parkinson's disease (PD) on the susceptibility to and outcome of COVID-19 are limited. We aimed to determine whether patients with AD/PD had a higher likelihood of contracting COVID-19 and experiencing worse outcomes.

Methods: Data from patients with confirmed diagnoses of COVID-19 ( = 8,070) from January to June 2020 and control participants ( = 121,050) who were randomly selected to match the patients on the basis of age and sex were extracted from the Korean National Health Insurance Database.

Association between statin use and Parkinson's disease in Korean patients with hyperlipidemia.

Introduction: Findings on the association between statin therapy and Parkinson's disease (PD) occurrence have been inconsistent. This study aimed to identify the association between statin use and PD in participants with a history of hyperlipidemia or blood cholesterol >200 in a Korean population to exclude nonstatin users owing to normal lipid values.

Methods: We conducted a nested case-control analysis using the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort assessed between 2002 and 2015.

Association between Tooth Loss and Alzheimer's Disease in a Nested Case-Control Study Based on a National Health Screening Cohort.

Background: Reports on the possible risks for Alzheimer's disease (AD) have included tooth loss as a potential risk factor. However, there are few studies addressing the association between tooth loss and AD in a large sample of participants. Accordingly, the objective of the current study was to explore the association of tooth loss with the development of AD in Korean adults.

Short- and long-term exposure to air pollution increases the risk of stroke.

Objective: Many epidemiological studies have observed the association of air pollutant exposure with the onset, progression, and mortality of stroke. The aim of this study was to investigate the associations of air pollutants, including SO, NO, O, CO, and PM, with stroke according to exposure duration.

Methods: Data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort from 2002 to 2015 were obtained.

Bidirectional association between migraine and rheumatoid arthritis: two longitudinal follow-up studies with a national sample cohort.

Objective: To investigate the bidirectional association between migraine and rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Design: Two longitudinal follow-up studies.

Setting: Data collected from a national cohort between 2002 and 2013 by the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort.

Association between Previous Statin Use and Alzheimer's Disease: A Nested Case-Control Study Using a National Health Screening Cohort.

A number of studies report the incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in patients taking statins, but the results are inconsistent. (1) Background: The present study investigated the cross-sectional association between previous statin use and the risk of AD development in Korean residents. (2) Methods: We used the Korean National Health Insurance Service-National Sample Cohort; 17,172 AD patients were matched by age, gender, income, and region of residence with 68,688 control participants at a ratio of 1:4.

Usefulness of diffusion tensor imaging findings as biomarkers for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a neurodegenerative disease. However, no reliable biomarkers have been identified to represent the clinical status. This study aimed to investigate whether diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) findings are useful imaging biomarkers to indicate the clinical status of ALS patients.

Public Interest in Cognitive Impairment: An Analysis of the Top 50 Articles on Cognitive Impairment on Altmetric.

Background: As the average life expectancy continues to increase, interest in cognitive impairment is increasing. Nowadays, as social media expands its reach, academic research is spreading through social media, changing the way and speed by which research is propagated and also who consumes this content. Therefore, using Altmetric, a new web-based set of metrics that analyzes the impact of content on social media platforms, we investigated the characteristics of influential research articles on the topic of cognitive impairment in social media.

The Utility of Facial Nerve Ultrasonography in Bell's Palsy.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the utility of facial nerve ultrasonography in the functional and structural assessment of early-stage Bell's palsy and the prognostic value of facial nerve ultrasonography in Bell's palsy.

Study Design: Prospective longitudinal study.

Setting: Single center, a university-affiliated neurology clinic.

Pattern of Extraocular Muscle Involvements in Miller Fisher Syndrome.

Background And Purpose: The most-common initial manifestation of Miller Fisher syndrome (MFS) is diplopia due to acute ophthalmoplegia. However, few studies have focused on ocular motility findings in MFS. This study aimed to determine the pattern of extraocular muscle (EOM) paresis in MFS patients.

Transorbital ultrasonography in acute optic neuritis: Can it be a supportive diagnostic tool?

Background: Because of limitations of conventional tools for diagnosing optic neuritis (ON), transorbital ultrasonography (TOUS) was introduced as a promising tool to evaluate the optic nerve. However, studies demonstrating its utility are scarce.

Objective: To assess the practical diagnostic value of TOUS in patients with ON along with other diagnostic tools such as visual evoked potential (VEP), MRI, and optical coherence tomography (OCT).