Detection of malathion, fenthion and methidathion by using heparin-reduced gold nanoparticles.

Green-synthesized gold nanoparticles were utilized for the detection of organophosphorous pesticides. Heparin, one of glycosaminoglycans, was used as a reducing and stabilizing agent. The reaction conditions were optimized, and high resolution-transmission electron microscopic images revealed gold nanoparticles of various shapes.

Elevation of Nitric Oxide Synthase Activity by Dimethyladenosine from Silkworm Pupae in Aged Rats.

This study examined the mechanisms underlying the effects of the vasorelaxation active substance (VAS), dimethyladenosine-5'-L-arabinose, and its partial purification fraction on nitric oxide synthase in improving erectile dysfunction with particular focus on the nitric oxide (NO)-cGMP pathways. Two rat models, 9-month-old SD rats and 11-month-old SD rats, were given VAS (40 mg/kg per day) for 4 days, The aqueous fraction of silworm male pupae extract; semi-purified VAS (100 mg/kg per day) for 10 days, respectively. The NOS activities of the following three enzymes were examined: neuronal NO synthase (NOS), inducible NOS (NOS), endothelial NOS (NOS), vascular endothelial growth factor on endothelial cells (VEGF) and anti-inflammation effect of Tumor necrosis factor-α.

Anti-inflammatory effects of schisandrin isolated from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis Baill.

Schisandrin is the main active ingredient isolated from the fruit of Schisandra chinensis Baill. Recent studies have demonstrated that schisandrin exhibits anti-oxidative effects in vivo. In the present study, the effect of schisandrin on plasma nitrite concentration in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated mice was evaluated.