Potential applications of ChatGPT in obstetrics and gynecology in Korea: a review article.

The use of chatbot technology, particularly chat generative pre-trained transformer (ChatGPT) with an impressive 175 billion parameters, has garnered significant attention across various domains, including Obstetrics and Gynecology (OBGYN). This comprehensive review delves into the transformative potential of chatbots with a special focus on ChatGPT as a leading artificial intelligence (AI) technology. Moreover, ChatGPT harnesses the power of deep learning algorithms to generate responses that closely mimic human language, opening up myriad applications in medicine, research, and education.

The complete chloroplast genome of an Arctic lycophyte, (Tolm.) Sipliv. 1973 (Lycopodiaceae).

(Tolm.) Sipliv. 1973 is a lycophyte species belonging to the Lycopodiaceae family, which is widely distributed in the Arctic region of Svalbard, Norway.

Spin Dynamics Dominated by Resonant Tunneling into Molecular States.

Optical lattices and Feshbach resonances are two of the most ubiquitously used tools in atomic physics, allowing for the precise control, discrete confinement, and broad tunability of interacting atomic systems. Using a quantum simulator of lithium-7 atoms in an optical lattice, we investigate Heisenberg spin dynamics near a Feshbach resonance. We find novel resonance features in spin-spin interactions that can be explained only by lattice-induced resonances, which have never been observed before.

Neutralizing activity against Omicron BA.5 after tixagevimab/cilgavimab administration comparable to those after Omicron BA.1/BA.2 breakthrough infections.

Introduction: The effect of tixagevimab/cilgavimab (Evusheld™; AstraZeneca, UK) should be evaluated in the context of concurrent outbreak situations.

Methods: For serologic investigation of tixagevimab/cilgavimab during the BA.5 outbreak period, sera of immunocompromised (IC) hosts sampled before and one month after tixagevimab/cilgavimab administration and those of healthcare workers (HCWs) sampled one month after a 3 shot of COVID-19 vaccines, five months after BA.

Attenuation of Methane Oxidation by Nitrogen Availability in Arctic Tundra Soils.

CH emission in the Arctic has large uncertainty due to the lack of mechanistic understanding of the processes. CH oxidation in Arctic soil plays a critical role in the process, whereby removal of up to 90% of CH produced in soils by methanotrophs can occur before it reaches the atmosphere. Previous studies have reported on the importance of rising temperatures in CH oxidation, but because the Arctic is typically an N-limited system, fewer studies on the effects of inorganic nitrogen (N) have been reported.

Arctic Psychrotolerant sp. B14-6 Exhibits Temperature-Dependent Susceptibility to Aminoglycosides.

Bacteria can evade antibiotics by acquiring resistance genes, as well as switching to a non-growing dormant state without accompanying genetic modification. Bacteria in this quiescent state are called persisters, and this non-inheritable ability to withstand multiple antibiotics is referred to as antibiotic tolerance. Although all bacteria are considered to be able to form antibiotic-tolerant persisters, the antibiotic tolerance of extremophilic bacteria is poorly understood.

Impact of relative humidity on the laying performance, egg quality, and physiological stress responses of laying hens exposed to high ambient temperature.

The present study investigated the effects of relative humidity (RH) on the laying performance, egg quality, and stress indicators of laying hens raised at high ambient temperatures. A total of 180 Hy-Line Brown laying hens (68-wk-old) were randomly allotted to one of the following three RH conditions for 12 h a day (9:00 a.m.

Temporal Variations Rather than Long-Term Warming Control Extracellular Enzyme Activities and Microbial Community Structures in the High Arctic Soil.

In Arctic soils, warming accelerates decomposition of organic matter and increases emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs), contributing to a positive feedback to climate change. Although microorganisms play a key role in the processes between decomposition of organic matter and GHGs emission, the effects of warming on temporal responses of microbial activity are still elusive. In this study, treatments of warming and precipitation were conducted from 2012 to 2018 in Cambridge Bay, Canada.

Disproportionate microbial responses to decadal drainage on a Siberian floodplain.

Permafrost thaw induces soil hydrological changes which in turn affects carbon cycle processes in the Arctic terrestrial ecosystems. However, hydrological impacts of thawing permafrost on microbial processes and greenhouse gas (GHG) dynamics are poorly understood. This study examined changes in microbial communities using gene and genome-centric metagenomics on an Arctic floodplain subject to decadal drainage, and linked them to CO and CH flux and soil chemistry.

Rumen fermentation, methane production, and microbial composition following evaluation of red ginseng byproduct as a protein source.

The main objective of this study was to evaluate red ginseng byproduct (RGP) as a protein resource and its effects on rumen fermentation characteristics, microflora, CO, and CH production in ruminants. Four treatments for fermentation using buffered rumen fluid over a 48 h incubation period were used: 1, RGP; 2, corn gluten feed (CGF); 3, wheat gluten (WG); and 4, corn germ meal. dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), neutral detergent fiber digestibility (IVNDFD), crude protein digestibility (IVCPD), volatile fatty acids, pH, and ammonia nitrogen (NH-N) were estimated after 48 h incubation.

Fructose-Based Production of Short-Chain-Length and Medium-Chain-Length Polyhydroxyalkanoate Copolymer by Arctic sp. B14-6.

Arctic bacteria employ various mechanisms to survive harsh conditions, one of which is to accumulate carbon and energy inside the cell in the form of polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA). Whole-genome sequencing of a new Arctic soil bacterium sp. B14-6 revealed two PHA-production-related gene clusters containing four PHA synthase genes ().

The relationships of present vegetation, bacteria, and soil properties with soil organic matter characteristics in moist acidic tundra in Alaska.

Soil organic matter (SOM) is related to vegetation, soil bacteria, and soil properties; however, not many studies link all these parameters simultaneously, particularly in tundra ecosystems vulnerable to climate change. Our aim was to describe the relationships between vegetation, bacteria, soil properties, and SOM composition in moist acidic tundra by integrating physical, chemical, and molecular methods. A total of 70 soil samples were collected at two different depths from 36 spots systematically arranged over an area of about 300 m × 50 m.

Distinct Microbial Communities in Adjacent Rock and Soil Substrates on a High Arctic Polar Desert.

Understanding microbial niche variability in polar regions can provide insights into the adaptive diversification of microbial lineages in extreme environments. Compositions of microbial communities in Arctic soils are well documented but a comprehensive multidomain diversity assessment of rocks remains insufficiently studied. In this study, we obtained two types of rocks (sandstone and limestone) and soils around the rocks in a high Arctic polar desert (Svalbard), and examined the compositions of archaeal, bacterial, fungal, and protistan communities in the rocks and soils.

The Impact of Temperature and Humidity on the Performance and Physiology of Laying Hens.

We investigated the effect of different ambient temperatures and relative humidity (RH) with the same temperature-humidity indices (THI) on laying performance, egg quality, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (H/L ratio), corticosterone (CORT) concentration in blood, yolk, and albumen, and plasma biochemical parameters of laying hens. Commercial hens (Hy-Line Brown; = 120), aged 60 weeks, were allocated to two environmental chambers. Laying hens were subjected to either one of two thermal treatments-26 °C and 70% RH (TH75) or 30 °C and 30% RH (TH75) for 28 days-with the same THI of 75.

Effects of a Δ-9-fatty acid desaturase and a cyclopropane-fatty acid synthase from the novel psychrophile Pseudomonas sp. B14-6 on bacterial membrane properties.

Psychrophilic bacteria, living at low and mild temperatures, can contribute significantly to our understanding of microbial responses to temperature, markedly occurring in the bacterial membrane. Here, a newly isolated strain, Pseudomonas sp. B14-6, was found to dynamically change its unsaturated fatty acid and cyclic fatty acid content depending on temperature which was revealed by phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis.

Changes in Production Parameters, Egg Qualities, Fecal Volatile Fatty Acids, Nutrient Digestibility, and Plasma Parameters in Laying Hens Exposed to Ambient Temperature.

The present study was undertaken to investigate the impact of heat stress on nutrient digestibility and tibia and reproductive traits, and changes in laying performance, egg qualities, fecal volatile fatty acids, and plasma parameters in laying hens. One-hundred twenty 52-week-old laying hens were raised in three temperature-controlled facilities with constant humidity (50% RH), either normal temperature (LT; 22°C) or heat stress considered being moderate (MT; 27°C) or severe (HT; 32°C) for 42 days. Feed intakes were consistently low ( < 0.

Difference of gut microbiota composition based on the body condition scores in dogs.

Microorganism residing in the gut has been known to have important roles in the animal body. Microbes and host microenvironment are highly related with host's health including energy metabolism and immune system. Moreover, it reported that gut microbiome is correlated with diseases like obesity in human and dogs.

Comparison of sample preparation procedures of inductively coupled plasma to measure elements in dog's hair.

The pre-treatment condition affects on the element analysis of inductively coupled plasma (ICP). In this study the pre-treatment condition of ICP has been studied to quantify elements in dog's hair. The hair samples were collected from twelve female Beagles by clipping them into 1 or 2 cm at the back neck.

Enhanced tolerance to inhibitors of Escherichia coli by heterologous expression of cyclopropane-fatty acid-acyl-phospholipid synthase (cfa) from Halomonas socia.

Bacteria have evolved a defense system to resist external stressors, such as heat, pH, and salt, so as to facilitate survival in changing or harsh environments. However, the specific mechanisms by which bacteria respond to such environmental changes are not completely elucidated. Here, we used halotolerant bacteria as a model to understand the mechanism conferring high tolerance to NaCl.

A simple method to evaluate body condition score to maintain the optimal body weight in dogs.

Overweight and obesity induce serious health problems that exert negative effects on dog's welfare. Body condition score (BCS) is a common method to evaluate the body fat mass in animals. By palpating and observing fats under the skin it is possible to predict animal's body fat accumulation condition.

Distinct Taxonomic and Functional Profiles of the Microbiome Associated With Different Soil Horizons of a Moist Tussock Tundra in Alaska.

Permafrost-underlain tundra soils in Northern Hemisphere are one of the largest reservoirs of terrestrial carbon, which are highly sensitive to microbial decomposition due to climate warming. However, knowledge about the taxonomy and functions of microbiome residing in different horizons of permafrost-underlain tundra soils is still limited. Here we compared the taxonomic and functional composition of microbiome between different horizons of soil cores from a moist tussock tundra ecosystem in Council, Alaska, using 16S rRNA gene and shotgun metagenomic sequencing.