Mangrove Extraction Algorithm Based on Orthogonal Matching Filter-Weighted Least Squares.

High-precision extraction of mangrove areas is a crucial prerequisite for estimating mangrove area as well as for regional planning and ecological protection. However, mangroves typically grow in coastal and near-shore areas with complex water colors, where traditional mangrove extraction algorithms face challenges such as unclear region segmentation and insufficient accuracy. To address this issue, in this paper we propose a new algorithm for mangrove identification and extraction based on Orthogonal Matching Filter-Weighted Least Squares (OMF-WLS) target spectral information.

Thyrotropin reference interval in older adults.

It is estimated that by the year 2050, 16% of the world's population will be 65 years old and above. As the global aging population continues to grow, there is an increasing focus on thyroid disorders among older individuals. Thyrotropin is widely used in diagnosing subclinical thyroid diseases due to its high sensitivity as an indicator of changes in thyroid function.

Priorities in tackling noncommunicable diseases among the population aged 60 years and older in China, 1990-2021: A population-based study.

Objective: In China, it is expected that every one in three people will be aged 60 years and above in 2040, surpassing other low- and middle-income countries. The noncommunicable disease (NCD) burden and trends among elderly people must be clarified.

Methods: In this trend analysis based on the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2021, we reported NCDs per 100,000 people and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) in disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), mortality, and incidence at three levels of the GBD 2021 hierarchy by age subgroups and by sex in the older population aged 60 years and above in China during 1990-2021.

Association between air pollutants, thyroid disorders, and thyroid hormone levels: a scoping review of epidemiological evidence.

Background: Over the past two decades, the incidence of thyroid disorders has been steadily increasing. There is evidence to suggest that air pollution may be one of the etiological factors of thyroid diseases. This comprehensive review aimed to examine the evidence related to air pollutants and thyroid disorders and thyroid hormones levels from an epidemiological perspective.

A new paradigm for whole-chain low-carbon utilization of food waste secondary waste based on multivariate evaluations.

The rapid growth of China's food and beverage industry has led to a significant increase in food waste, presenting major challenges for its disposal. Anaerobic digestion is the primary treatment method, but its by-products-biogas slurry (BS) and biogas residue (BR)-pose additional treatment challenges. This study proposes and evaluates three management scenarios for these by-products: (1) BS sewage treatment with BR incineration (S1), (2) BS land application with BR composting (S2), and (3) BS sewage treatment with BR composting (S3).

Association Between Long-Term Exposure to Environmental Fine Particulate Matter and the Prevalence of Thyroid Disorders: A National Cross-Sectional Study in China.

Exposure to particles with an aerodynamic diameter of ≤2.5 μm (PM) is associated with the occurrence of thyroid dysfunction among pregnant women and neonates, but it is not known if this association occurs in the general population. We aimed to determine the association of prolonged exposure to PM with the prevalence of thyroid disorders among adults in China.

Relationship Between Serum Thyrotropin Levels and Metabolic Diseases in Older Adults.

Context: Subclinical hypothyroidism is associated with metabolic diseases; however, it remains controversial in older individuals.

Objective: This work aimed to investigate the relationship between thyrotropin (TSH) levels and metabolic diseases.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, sampling was conducted from nationally representative general communities from 31 provinces in mainland China.

Global burden of type 1 diabetes in adults aged 65 years and older, 1990-2019: population based study.

Objectives: To estimate the burden, trends, and inequalities of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) among older adults at global, regional, and national level from 1990 to 2019.

Design: Population based study.

Population: Adults aged ≥65 years from 21 regions and 204 countries and territories (Global Burden of Disease and Risk Factors Study 2019)from 1990 to 2019.

Association between the triglyceride-glucose index and thyroid disorders: a cross-sectional survey and Mendelian randomization analysis.

Background: Metabolic diseases are associated with thyroid disorders. Insulin resistance is the common pathological basis of metabolic diseases. We explored the relationship between the triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, a simple insulin-resistance marker, and thyroid disorders.

Global, Regional, and National Burdens of Stroke in Children and Adolescents From 1990 to 2019: A Population-Based Study.

Background: Stroke is one of the leading causes of death among children, yet evidence on stroke incidence and prognosis in this population is largely neglected worldwide. The aim of this study was to estimate the latest burden of childhood stroke, as well as trends, risk factors, and inequalities from 1990 to 2019, at the global, regional, and national levels.

Methods: The Global Burden of Disease 2019 study was utilized to evaluate the prevalence, incidence, years lived with disability, years of life lost (YLLs), and average annual percentage changes in stroke among populations aged 0 to 19 years from 1990 to 2019.

Vitamin E Intake and Prevalence Rates of Thyroid Dysfunction and Autoimmune Thyroiditis: A Cross-Sectional Analysis of NHANES Data.

Thyroid disorders are associated with various dietary factors and nutritional elements. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationships between dietary vitamin E intake and the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and thyroid antibody positivity using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database. Data from the NHANES database collected between 2007 and 2012 were analyzed.

Association between anthropometric indices and hyperuricemia: a nationwide study in China.

This article explored the relationship between anthropometric indices and hyperuricemia in Chinese adults. The ability of each anthropometric index to predict hyperuricemia was also compared in this article. This is a cross-sectional study containing 69,842 samples from 31 provinces and cities in China.

Global, Regional, and National Burdens of Otitis Media From 1990 to 2019: A Population Based Study.

Objectives: Otitis media is one of the most important causes of hearing loss at an early age. Effective vaccination with the routine 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-7) was introduced in 2000. It has been gradually replaced by the pneumococcal nontypeable Haemophilus influenzae protein D conjugate vaccine or the higher-valent 13-valent PCV (PCV-13) since 2010.

Effects of altitude on thyroid disorders according to Chinese three-rung, ladder-like topography: national cross-sectional study.

Background: Chinese topography appears a three-rung ladder-like distribution of decreasing elevation from northwest to southeast, which is divided by two sloping edges. Previous studies have reported that prevalence of thyroid diseases differed by altitude, and geographical factors were associated with thyroid disorders. To explore the association between three-rung ladder-like regions and thyroid disorders according to unique Chinese topographic features, we conducted an epidemiological cross-sectional study from 2015-2017 that covered all 31 mainland Chinese provinces.

Burden of noncommunicable diseases among children and adolescents aged 10-24 years in China, 1990-2019: A population-based study.

China has hundreds of millions of children and adolescents aged 10-24 years, accounting for one-sixth of their total counterparts worldwide. We perform this study to clarify the priority of noncommunicable disease (NCD) control among youth in China via the Global Burden of Diseases Study 2019. The highest disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) from NCDs among youth in China remain in mental disorders, while the most increasing incidence is from diabetes and kidney diseases during 1990-2019.

Changes in the prevalence of diabetes and control of risk factors for diabetes among Chinese adults from 2007 to 2017: An analysis of repeated national cross-sectional surveys.

Introduction: To examine changes in the prevalence of diabetes and the control of risk factors for diabetes over 10 years among adults in China.

Methods: Two population-based cross-sectional surveys were used to obtain a nationally representative sample of adults aged 20 years and older in mainland China in 2007 (n = 46 239) and 2017 (n = 73 340). Changes in the prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and prediabetes, as diagnosed by the World Health Organization criteria, were assessed over time.

Diabetes burden, trends, and inequalities in western pacific region, 1990-2019: A population-based study.

Aims: The aim was to describe the diabetes regional burden, trends, and inequalities in the Western Pacific region.

Methods: The Global Burden of Disease 2019 study was used to evaluate the prevalence, incidence, mortality, disability-adjusted life year (DALY) rates and average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) in diabetes in the Western Pacific region from 1990 to 2019. Cross-country inequalities in the DALY rates of diabetes were estimated between 1990 and 2019.

The impact of global, regional, and national population ageing on disability-adjusted life years and deaths associated with diabetes during 1990-2019: A global decomposition analysis.

Aims: To understanding the net regional, national, and economic effect of global population ageing on diabetes and its trends during 1990 and 2019 worldwide.

Methods: We employed a decomposition method to estimate the impact of population ageing on diabetes-related disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) and total deaths in 204 countries from 1990 to 2019 at the global, regional, and national level. This method separated the net effect of population ageing from population growth and changes in mortality.

Influencing Factors and New Reference Intervals of Adult Thyroid Volume in Iodine-Sufficient Areas of China.

The diagnosis of goiter is based on the thyroid volume measured by ultrasound in which iodine plays an important role. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the factors that affect thyroid volume and update the reference range of thyroid volume to provide a new basis for the diagnosis and treatment of goiter. A study population from mainland China was evaluated in the Thyroid disorders, Iodine status and Diabetes Epidemiological (TIDE) study.

Optimal emission reductions pathway for polybrominated diphenyl ethers in typical household e-waste dismantling products.

Waste printed circuit boards (WPCBs) and waste epoxy resin powder (WERP) generated after crushing are the most crucial hazardous materials in the recycling process of household e-waste. In this study, a sustainable treatment approach was established in response to the drawbacks of traditional treatment methods. The baseline and hypothetical scenarios were as follows: (1) scenario 1 (S1): WPCBs mechanical treatment, WERP safe landfill; (2) scenario 2 (S2): WPCBs mechanical treatment, WERP imitation stone bricks production.

Global, regional and national burdens of gout in the young population from 1990 to 2019: a population-based study.

Objective: To use data from the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) Study 2019 to report the global, regional and national rates and trends of annual incidence, point prevalence and years lived with disability (YLD) for gout in adolescents and young adults aged 15-39 years.

Methods: We conducted a serial cross-sectional study of gout burden in the young population aged 15-39 years using data from GBD Study 2019. We extracted rates per 100 000 population of incidence, prevalence and YLD of gout, then calculated their average annual percentage changes (AAPCs) at the global, regional and national level between 1990 and 2019 by sociodemographic index (SDI).

Changing Iodine Status and the Incidence of Thyroid Disease in Mainland China: A Prospective 20-Year Follow-Up Study.

We aimed to assess the long-term effects of the transition in iodine status on the incidence of thyroid disorders over 20 years of follow-up. The original prospective cohort study, started in 1999 ( = 3761), classified three regions in north China based on iodine status (insufficient iodine, more than adequate iodine, and excessive iodine, respectively) for 5 years. Subsequently, participants were followed for up to another 15 years to assess the long-term effects of shifts to adequate iodine on the incidence of thyroid disorders.