ADGRL1 variants: From developmental and epileptic encephalopathy to genetic epilepsy with febrile seizures plus.

Aim: To expand the phenotypic spectrum of ADGRL1 and explore the correlation between epilepsy and the ADGRL1 genotype.

Method: We performed whole-exome sequencing in a cohort of 115 families (including 195 males and 150 females) with familial febrile seizure or epilepsy with unexplained aetiology. The damaging effects of variants was predicted using protein modelling and multiple in silico tools.

Tumor necrosis factor-α increases angiopoietin-like protein 2 gene expression by activating Foxo1 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.

Angiopoietin-like protein 2 (Angptl2) is a key adipocyte-derived inflammatory mediator linking obesity to systemic insulin resistance, which is overexpressed in obesity and related metabolic diseases. However, its regulatory mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we showed that tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α treatment increased the expression of Angptl2 gene in 3T3-L1 adipocytes.