Analysis of the relationship between starch molecular conformation and enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency.

Resistant starch (RS) is important in controlling diabetes. The primary objective of this study is to examine the impact of molecular conformation on the enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of starch by α-amylase. And the interactions between starch molecules with different conformations and α-amylase were analysed by using molecule dynamics simulation and molecular docking.

Analysis of the mechanism of resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis of RS-5 resistant starch.

RS-5 refers to the resistant starch formed by complexation of starch molecules with other molecules. In this study, the molecular mechanism of RS-5 was analysed. First, it was found, when α-amylase acted on the starch-lipid complexes, the glucose residues involved in complexation cannot be hydrolyzed by α-amylase, while the glucose residues not directly involved in complexation can be hydrolyzed.

Generation of a highly specific recombinant full-length antibody for detecting ethirimol in fruit and environmental water.

High-performance antibodies are core reagents for highly sensitive immunoassays. Herein, based on a novel hapten, a hybridoma secreting the high-affinity anti-ethirimol monoclonal antibody (mAb-14G5F6) was isolated with an IC value of 1.35 μg/L and cross-reactivity below 0.

Highly Sensitive and Rapid Screening Technique for the Detection of Organophosphate Pesticides and Copper Compounds Using Bifunctional Recombinant TrxA-PvCarE1.

Enabling the detection of organophosphate pesticide (OP) residues through enzyme inhibition-based technology is crucial for ensuring food safety and human health. However, the use of acetylcholinesterase, the primary target enzyme for OPs, isolated from animals in practical production poses challenges in terms of sensitivity and batch stability. To address this issue, we identified a highly sensitive and reproducible biorecognition element, TrxA-PvCarE1, derived from red kidney beans and successfully overexpressed it in .

Development of magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers for selective extraction of Benzoxazolinone-type alkaloids from acanthus plants.

Benzoxazolinone-type alkaloids found in Acanthus ebracteatus and Acanthus ilicifolius Linnaeus possess various beneficial properties, such as antileishmanial, antipyretic, analgesic, antibacterial, and antioxidant effects. In this study, we employed a surface imprinting technique on nanomaterials. We utilized functionalized FeO@SiONH as a scaffold, with 2-benzoxazolinone and 2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one serving as dual templates, methacrylic acid (MAA) as a functional monomer, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDMA) as a crosslinker, and 2,2-azodiisobutyric nitrile (AIBN) as the initiator.

Preparation of metal-organic framework @molecularly imprinted polymers for extracting N-nitrosamines in salted vegetables.

In this paper, the novel metal-organic framework @molecularly imprinted polymers were prepared and applied in extracting N-nitrosamines from salted vegetables. The imprinted polymers were coated on the surface of MIL-101 using multi-dummy template molecules (5-nonanol, benzhydrol and N-formylpyrrolidine). The characterization and adsorbing experiments showed that the hybrid imprinted polymers presented spherical particles with typically core-shell structure, and exhibited high adsorption capacity (maximum capacity: 46.

A rapid method for detecting bronopol in fresh fish, shrimp, crab, and shellfish samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Fish farming plays a vital role in providing food, nutrition, and employment globally. However, this industry faces security challenges, necessitating the use of fungicides and preservatives, such as bronopol, to increase product yields. Bronopol (2‑bromo-2-nitropropan-1,3-diol; CAS:52-51-7) is widely used in various fields, including food production, cosmetics, and, more recently, aquaculture.

Generating Monoclonal Antibodies against Buprofezin and Developing Immunoassays for Its Residue Detection in Tea Samples.

The synthesis of a hapten and antigen for the preparation of a monoclonal antibody (mAb) for buprofezin is described. The recognition mechanism of hapten and buprofezin by monoclonal antibodies (mAb-19F2) is described. The effectiveness of the mAb-19F2 immunoassay technique was assessed, and the effective detection of buprofezin in tea samples was achieved through the establishment of indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) and colloidal gold immunochromatography assay (GICA).

The Synergism of Human and Inulin Decrease Hyperglycemia via Regulating the Composition of Gut Microbiota and Metabolic Profiles in db/db Mice.

This study aimed to evaluate the effects of and isolated from human feces coordinating with inulin on the composition of gut microbiota and metabolic profiles in db/db mice. These supplements were administered to db/db mice for 12 weeks. The results showed that the coordinating with inulin group (LI) exhibited lower fasting blood glucose levels than the model control group (MC).

Screening of Potential Probiotic and Their Improvement of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus by Promoting PI3K/AKT Signaling Pathway in db/db Mice.

The study aimed to isolate strains with hypoglycemic activity and probiotic properties and to determine their antidiabetic abilities . 22, 25, 11, and 305 with high hypoglycemic activity were screened from 23 strains of isolated from human feces and identified by 16S rDNA sequencing. The fasting blood glucose (FBG) of the mice was recorded weekly.

Detection of neonicotinoids in agricultural products using magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers-surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

In this paper, magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers-surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (MMIPs-SERS) for rapidly analyzing acetamiprid and thiacloprid in agricultural products has been firstly developed. The magnetic imprinted polymers were obtained by polymerizing the imprinted layers on the surface of magnetic nanoparticles. The polymers were detailed characterized by using series of analytical techniques, and their adsorption and recognition performance were validated by adsorption tests.

Development of a specific and sensitive method for the detection of glyphosate pesticide and its metabolite in tea using dummy molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction coupled with liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry.

Glyphosate, a widely used herbicide, and its primary metabolite aminomethyl phosphonic acid have been found to cause environmental and ecological issues and threaten human health. The conventional pretreatment method was insufficient for the extraction, concentration, and enrichment of trace substances, resulting in poor specificity. Thus, our objective was to develop a method for glyphosate pesticide detection using dummy molecularly imprinted solid-phase extraction (DMI-SPE) combined with liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole mass spectrometry (DMI-SPE-LC/MS/MS).

Multicolor aptasensors for pesticide multiresidues detection in agricultural products using bioorthogonal surface-enhanced Raman scattering tags.

Realizing accurate pesticide multiresidue detection in a complex matrix is still a challenge for point-of-care sensing methods. Herein, we introduced background-free and multicolor aptasensors based on bioorthogonal surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) tags and successfully applied them to analyze multiple pesticide residues. The excellent anti-interference and multiplex capability are due to the application of three bioorthogonal Raman reporters involving 4-ethenylbenzenamine (4-EBZM), Prussian blue (PB) and 2-amino-4-cyanopyridine (AMCP) with alkynyl and cyano groups, which demonstrated apparent Raman shift peaks at 1993 cm, 2160 cm, and 2264 cm in the biologically Raman-silent region, respectively.

An interference-free SERS-based aptasensor for chlorpyrifos detection.

In this study, we propose an interference-free SERS-based aptasensor for trace detection of chlorpyrifos (CPF) in real samples. In the aptasensor, gold nanoparticles coated with Prussian blue (Au@PB NPs) were employed as SERS tags to provide a sole and intense Raman emission at 2160 cm, which could avoid overlapping with the Raman spectrum of the real samples in 600-1800 cm to improve the anti-matrix effect ability of the aptasensor. Under the optimum conditions, this aptasensor displayed a linear response for CPF detection in the range of 0.

A method for the rapid determination of pesticides coupling thin-layer chromatography and enzyme inhibition principles.

Herein, we developed a method coupling TLC and enzyme inhibition principles to rapidly detect OPs (dichlorvos, paraoxon and parathion). After the removal of the organic solvent from the samples using TLC and paper-based chips, the enzyme was added to the detection system. The results showed that the current method effectively reduced the effects of solvents on enzyme behavior.

Production of a Monoclonal Antibody for the Detection of Forchlorfenuron: Application in an Indirect Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay and Immunochromatographic Strip.

In this study, a monoclonal antibody (mAb) specific to forchlorfenuron (CPPU) with high sensitivity and specificity was produced and designated (9G9). To detect CPPU in cucumber samples, an indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ic-ELISA) and a colloidal gold nanobead immunochromatographic test strip (CGN-ICTS) were established using 9G9. The half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC) and the LOD for the developed ic-ELISA were determined to be 0.

Competitive fluorescent immunosensor based on catalytic hairpin self-assembly for multiresidue detection of organophosphate pesticides in agricultural products.

Simple and rapid multiresidue trace detection of organophosphate pesticides (OPs) is extremely important for various reasons, including food safety, environmental monitoring, and national health. Here, a catalytic hairpin self-assembly (CHA)-based competitive fluorescent immunosensor was developed to detect OPs in agricultural products, involving enabled dual signal amplification followed by a CHA reaction. The developed method could detect 0.

Development and inter-laboratory validation of analytical methods for glufosinate and its two metabolites in foods of plant origin.

Glufosinate is widely used to control various weeds. Glufosinate and its main metabolites have become the focus of attention because of their high water solubility and persistence in aquatic systems. Quantification of the agrochemical product and its metabolite residues is essential for the safety of agricultural products.

A Novel Fluorescent Sensor Based on Aptamer and qPCR for Determination of Glyphosate in Tap Water.

Glyphosate (GLYP) is a broad-spectrum, nonselective, organic phosphine postemergence herbicide registered for many food and nonfood fields. Herein, we developed a biosensor (Mbs@dsDNA) based on carboxylated modified magnetic beads incubated with NH2-polyA and then hybridized with polyT-glyphosate aptamer and complementary DNA. Afterwards, a quantitative detection method based on qPCR was established.

Obtaining a Monoclonal Antibody against a Novel Prometryn-Like Hapten and Characterization of Its Selectivity for Triazine Herbicides.

In this study, a previously unreported 3-((4-(isopropylamino)-6-(methylthio)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl) amino) butyric acid hapten was designed and synthesized. This maximized the exposure of the antigen-determinant isopropyl of prometryn to the immune system in animals to induce the production of anticipated highly specific anti-prometryn antibodies. The hapten has a molecular weight of 285.

Application of Molecularly Imprinted Electrochemical Biomimetic Sensors for Detecting Small Molecule Food Contaminants.

Environmental chemical contaminants in food seriously impact human health and food safety. Successful detection methods can effectively monitor the potential risk of emerging chemical contaminants. Among them, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) based on electrochemical biomimetic sensors overcome many drawbacks of conventional detection methods and offer opportunities to detect contaminants with simple equipment in an efficient, sensitive, and low-cost manner.

An Alkyne-Mediated SERS Aptasensor for Anti-Interference Ochratoxin A Detection in Real Samples.

Avoiding interference and realizing the precise detection of mycotoxins in complex food samples is still an urgent problem for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analysis technology. Herein, a highly sensitive and specific aptasensor was developed for the anti-interference detection of Ochratoxin A (OTA). In this aptasensor, 4-[(Trimethylsilyl) ethynyl] aniline was employed as an anti-interference Raman reporter to prove a sharp Raman peak (1998 cm) in silent region, which could avoid the interference of food bio-molecules in 600-1800 cm.

Molecularly imprinted polymer-specific solid-phase extraction for the determination of 4-hydroxy-2(3H)benzoxazolone isolated from Linnaeus using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

The minor constituent found in Linnaeus, 4-hydroxy-2 (3H) benzoxazolone alkaloid (HBOA), has a range of versatile applications. Herein, a quick and straightforward method for extracting HBOA from Linnaeus was proposed. HBOA was used as a template, whereas methacrylic acid, ethylene glycol dimethacrylate, and acetonitrile were used as functional monomers, cross-linkers, and porogens, respectively.