Effect of stent treatment on hemodynamics in iliac vein compression syndrome with collateral vein.

Background: Iliac vein compression syndrome (IVCS) leads to blood flow obstruction in the lower extremities and is usually treated with stents, but stenting may worsen the hemodynamics and increase the risk of thrombosis in the iliac vein. The present work evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of the stent on IVCS with a collateral vein.

Methods: The computational fluid dynamics method is adopted to analyze the preoperative and postoperative flow fields in a typical IVCS.

Dynamical analysis of a modified Leslie-Gower Holling-type II predator-prey stochastic model in polluted environments with interspecific competition and impulsive toxicant input.

In this paper, we use a mean-reverting Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process to simulate the stochastic perturbations in the environment, and then a modified Leslie-Gower Holling-type II predator-prey stochastic model in a polluted environment with interspecific competition and pulse toxicant input is proposed. Through constructing V-function and applying formula, the sharp sufficient conditions including strongly persistent in the mean, persistent in the mean and extinction are established. In addition, the theoretical results are verified by numerical simulation.

Resonant signals in the lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling.

A study in the lithosphere, atmosphere and ionosphere (LAI) coupling often troubles scientists due to a certain distance between distinct instruments, which monitor geophysical parameters in different spheres. An instrumental system was established in southwest China (Leshan; LESH) for monitoring vibrations and perturbations in LAI (MVP-LAI). A ground-based Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver at the YADU station locates ~ 260 km away that continuously receives electromagnetic signals transmitted from the BeiDou navigation System (BDS) geostationary satellites to monitor the total electron content (TEC) at the ionospheric pierce point right over the MVP-LAI system.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of Pyrrole-2-carboxamide Derivatives as Mycobacterial Membrane Protein Large 3 Inhibitors for Treating Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis.

In this work, pyrrole-2-carboxamides were designed with a structure-guided strategy based on the crystal structure of MmpL3 and a pharmacophore model. The structure-activity relationship studies revealed that attaching phenyl and pyridyl groups with electron-withdrawing substituents to the pyrrole ring and attaching bulky substituents to the carboxamide greatly improved anti-TB activity. Most compounds showed potent anti-TB activity (MIC < 0.

A Multiobjective Hybrid Optimization Algorithm for Path Planning of Coal Mine Patrol Robot.

In the complex underground environment, the paths planned for coal mine patrol robot are often too long and unsmooth under the influence of low visibility and poor road conditions. To solve the problems, this paper improves the hybrid algorithm between the improved artificial fish swarm algorithm (AFSA) and the dynamic window algorithm (DWA) for global path planning of coal mine patrol robot and introduces the improved genetic algorithm (GA) to enhance the path planning accuracy. Based on the global optimal path, the improved DWA was adopted to design a new adaptive trajectory evaluation function, which improves the ability of the patrol robot to avoid local obstacles.

Persistence and extinction of a modified Leslie-Gower Holling-type II two-predator one-prey model with Lévy jumps.

This paper is concerned with a modified Leslie-Gower and Holling-type II two-predator one-prey model with Lévy jumps. First, we use an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process to describe the environmental stochasticity and prove that there is a unique positive solution to the system. Moreover, sufficient conditions for persistence in the mean and extinction of each species are established.

Persistence and extinction of a modified Leslie-Gower Holling-type Ⅱ predator-prey stochastic model in polluted environments with impulsive toxicant input.

In this paper, a modified Leslie-Gower Holling-type Ⅱ two-predator one-prey stochastic model in polluted environments with impulsive toxicant input is proposed where we use an Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process to improve the stochasticity of the environment. The sharp sufficient conditions for persistence in the mean and extinction are established. The results reveal that the persistence and extinction of the species have close relationships with the toxicant and environmental stochasticity.

Discovery of a Candidate Containing an ()-3,3-Difluoro-1-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-2,3-dihydro-1-inden Scaffold as a Highly Potent Pan-Inhibitor of the BCR-ABL Kinase Including the T315I-Resistant Mutant for the Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

BCR-ABL kinase inhibition is an effective strategy for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Herein, we report compound , bearing a difluoro-indene scaffold, as a novel potent pan-inhibitor against BCR-ABL mutants, including the most refractory T315I mutant. As the privileged ()-isomer compared to its ()-isomer , exhibited potent antiproliferative activities against K562 and Ku812 CML cells and BCR-ABL and BCR-ABL BaF3 cells, with IC values of 0.

Determining Essential Requirements for Fluorophore Selection in Various Fluorescence Applications Taking Advantage of Diverse Structure-Fluorescence Information of Chromone Derivatives.

Herein, we report our work exploring the essential requirements for fluorophore selection during the development of various fluorescence applications. We assembled a library of chromone-derived fluorophores with diverse structure-fluorescence properties, which allowed us to choose the fluorophore pairs with similar structures but differing fluorescence properties and compared the performance of the selected fluorophore pairs in three types of commonly used fluorescence applications. We found that the selection standard of a suitable fluorophore is variable depending on the application.

Taking advantage of the aromatisation of 7-diethylamino-4-methyl-3,4-dihydrocoumarin in the fluorescence sensing of superoxide anion.

The aromatisation of 7-diethylamino-3,4-dihydrocoumarin provides an alternative fluorescent probing technique to selectively detect the concentration of superoxide anion in solution. In addition, we reported the advantage of evaluating O˙ sensing probes in anhydrous DMSO instead of in aqueous buffers when using KO as the surrogate of O˙.

Cysteine and methionine contribute differentially to regulate alternative oxidase in leaves of poplar (Populus deltoides x Populus euramericana 'Nanlin 895') seedlings exposed to different salinity.

The effects of different doses of NaCl on the expression profiles of genes involved in the mitochondrial electron transport chain (miETC), HO and O levels, and antioxidant enzymes and amino acid metabolism were investigated in the leaves of poplar (Populus deltoides x Populus euramericana 'Nanlin 895'). In the miETC, complexes II and III and bypasses of the cytochrome c pathway including AOX and UCP displayed higher transcript abundance, whereas COX6b encoding cytochrome c oxidase were suppressed at 200 and 400 mM. HO accumulated at 200 mM NaCl but O was generated at 400 mM.

Longitudinal Examination of Bone Loss in Male Rats After Moderate-Severe Contusion Spinal Cord Injury.

To elucidate mechanisms of bone loss after spinal cord injury (SCI), we evaluated the time-course of cancellous and cortical bone microarchitectural deterioration via microcomputed tomography, measured histomorphometric and circulating bone turnover indices, and characterized the development of whole bone mechanical deficits in a clinically relevant experimental SCI model. 16-weeks-old male Sprague-Dawley rats received T laminectomy (SHAM, n = 50) or moderate-severe contusion SCI (n = 52). Outcomes were assessed at 2-weeks, 1-month, 2-months, and 3-months post-surgery.

Evaluation of a medication monitor-based treatment strategy for drug-sensitive tuberculosis patients in China: study protocol for a cluster randomised controlled trial.

Background: Treatment for drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB) is taken for at least 6 months and problems with adherence are common. Therefore, there is substantial interest in the possible use of eHealth interventions to support patients to take their treatment. Electronic medication monitors have been shown to improve adherence to TB medication, but the impact on clinical outcomes is unknown.

A Mild Aqueous Sonogashira Reaction as a Fluorescent Labeling Strategy for 5-Bromide-2'-Deoxyuridine.

C5-modified uridines are a valuable class of nucleoside analogues, both as potent chemotherapy agents and through their use as the conjunction site in DNA labeling strategies. As an important C5-modified uridine, BrdU has been used in cell proliferation assays since the 1980s. Currently, the detection of BrdU relies on traditional immunostaining; however, this approach has its limitations.

Usability of a Medication Event Reminder Monitor System (MERM) by Providers and Patients to Improve Adherence in the Management of Tuberculosis.

Poor initiation and implementation and premature discontinuation of anti-tuberculous therapy, all forms of nonadherence, are major reasons for treatment failure, the development of drug-resistant tuberculosis, and transmission to other non-infected individuals. Directly Observed Therapy (DOT) has been the worldwide standard, but implementation of DOT is burdensome for providers and patients, especially in resource-limited settings, where most of the burden of active TB is located. Among the alternatives to DOT is electronic monitoring (EM) of drug dosing histories.

Enantiomerization and stereoselectivity in bioaccumulation of furalaxyl in Tenebrio molitor larvae.

Furalaxyl is a chiral pesticide and widely used in modern agriculture as racemate mixture. The enantiomerization and enantioselecive bioaccumulation by a single dose of furalaxyl to Tenebrio molitor larvae under laboratory conditions were studied using a high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy method based on a ChiralPAK IC column. Our results showed that a significant enantiomerization (interconversion between R-enantiomer and S-enantiomer) was observed in Tenebrio molitor larvae under R- or S-furalaxyl exposure.

Stereoselectivity in bioaccumulation and excretion of epoxiconazole by mealworm beetle (Tenebrio molitor) larvae.

Stereoselectivity in bioaccumulation and excretion of stereoisomers of epoxiconazole by mealworm beetle (Tenebrio molitor) larvae through dietary exposure was investigated. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) method that use a ChiralcelOD-3R[cellulosetris-Tris-(3, 5-dichlorophenyl-carbamate)] chromatography column was applied to carry out chiral separation of the stereoisomers. Wheat bran was spiked with racemic epoxiconazole at two dose levels of 20mg/kg and 2mg/kg (dry weight) to feed T.

Enantioselective bioaccumulation and toxic effects of fipronil in the earthworm Eisenia foetida following soil exposure.

Background: Enantiomers of chiral pesticides often have different bioactivity, toxicity and environmental behaviours. Fipronil has been used in racemate for agricultural purposes against soil insects, leading to increased inputs into soil environments and complex biota exposures. To understand the potential risk associated with fipronil enantiomer exposure, subchronic toxicity and bioaccumulation tests with earthworms (Eisenia foetida) in fipronil-spiked soils were evaluated under laboratory conditions.

Enantioselective acute toxicity effects and bioaccumulation of furalaxyl in the earthworm (Eisenia foetida).

The enantioselectivities of individual enantiomers of furalaxyl in acute toxicity and bioaccumulation in the earthworm (Eisenia foetida) were studied. The acute toxicity was tested by filter paper contact test. After 48 h of exposure, the calculated LC50 values of the R-form, rac-form, and S-form were 2.

Stereoselective degradation and toxic effects of benalaxyl on blood and liver of the Chinese lizard Eremias argus.

Benalaxyl as a xylem-systemic fungicide is usually direct sprayed on the soil surface, which is potential harm to the animals lived in the soil. However, the stereoselectivity of benalaxyl in reptiles have rarely been studied. In this study, Chinese lizards (Eremias argus) were firstly used to evaluate the stereoselectivity in biodegradation and toxicity of racemate and individual enantiomers of benalaxyl.

Enantiomerization and enantioselective bioaccumulation of metalaxyl in Tenebrio molitor larvae.

The enantiomerization and enantioselective bioaccumulation of metalaxyl by a single dose of exposure to Tenebrio molitor larvae under laboratory condition were studied by high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectroscopy (HPLC-MS/MS) based on a ChiralcelOD-3R [cellulosetris-tris-(3, 5-dichlorophenyl-carbamate)] column. Exposure of enantiopure R-metalaxyl and S-metalaxyl in Tenebrio molitor larvae exhibited significant enantiomerization, with formation of the R enantiomers from the S enantiomers, and vice versa, which might be attributed to the chiral pesticide catalyzed by a certain enzyme in Tenebrio molitor larvae. Enantiomerization was not observed in wheat bran during the period of 21 d.

Bioaccumulation and excretion of enantiomers of myclobutanil in Tenebrio molitor larvae through dietary exposure.

The bioaccumulation and excretion of enantiomers of myclobutanil in Tenebrio molitor larvae through dietary exposure under laboratory conditions were investigated using high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) based on a ChiralcelOD-3R [cellulosetris-tris-(3, 5-dichlorophenyl-carbamate)] column. The wheat bran fed to Tenebrio molitor larvae was spiked with racemic myclobutanil at two dose levels of 20 mg/kg and 2 mg/kg (dry weight). The results showed that there was a significant trend of enantioselective bioaccumulation in the larvae with a preferential accumulation of (-)-myclobutanil in 20 mg/kg dose exposure, but it was not obviously observed in the 2 mg/kg dose group.

Enantiomerization and enantioselective bioaccumulation of benalaxyl in Tenebrio molitor larvae from wheat bran.

The enantiomerization and enatioselecive bioaccumulation of benalaxyl by dietary exposure to Tenebrio molitor larvae under laboratory conditions were studied by HPLC-MS/MS. Exposure of enantiopure R-benalaxyl and S-benalaxyl in T. molitor larvae revealed significant enantiomerization with formation of the R enantiomers from the S enantiomers, and vice versa.

Adenoviral and adeno-associated viral vectors-mediated neuronal gene transfer to cardiovascular control regions of the rat brain.

Viral vectors have been utilized extensively to introduce genetic material into the central nervous system. In order to investigate gene functions in cardiovascular control regions of rat brain, we applied WPRE (woodchuck hepatitis virus post-transcriptional regulatory element) enhanced-adenoviral (Ad) and adeno-assoicated virus (AAV) type 2 vectors to mediate neuronal gene delivery to the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus, the nucleus tractus solitarius and the rostral ventrolateral medulla, three important cardiovascular control regions known to express renin-angiotensin system (RAS) genes. Ad or AAV2 harboring an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) reporter gene or the angiotensin type 2 receptor gene were microinjected into these brain regions in adult rats.