Clinical features of pituitary carcinoma: analysis based on a case report and literature review.

Introduction: Pituitary carcinoma (PC) is an extremely rare tumor of the adenohypophysis, which manifests as craniospinal dissemination and/or systemic metastasis. The diagnosis of PC is particularly difficult, as the clinical diagnosis only can be made after the metastasis is found. Owing to the complex diagnostic process and less effective treatments, the clinical prognosis of PC is usually very poor.

A closer look at lithium-ion batteries in E-waste and the potential for a universal hydrometallurgical recycling process.

The demand for lithium-ion batteries (LiBs) is rising, resulting in a growing need to recycle the critical raw materials (CRMs) which they contain. Typically, all spent LiBs from consumer electronics end up in a single waste stream that is processed to produce black mass (BM) for further recovery. It is desired to design a recycling process that can deal with a mixture of LiBs.

Is cranioplasty the optimal treatment for contralateral subdural effusion after decompressive craniectomy?: a case report.

Introduction And Importance: Contralateral subdural effusion (CSDE) is a rare complication secondary to decompressive craniectomy (DC), which can lead to encephalocele and neurologic deterioration. The authors report a case that confirm the existence of unidirectional membrane valve, and cranioplasty is an effective treatment for CSDE.

Case Presentation: The authors reported a case of 43-year-old female was diagnosed with ruptured intracranial aneurysm and treated with interventional embolization.

A Study on the C, N, and P Contents and Stoichiometric Characteristics of Forage Leaves Based on Fertilizer-Reconstructed Soil in an Alpine Mining Area.

In this study, we analyzed the C, N, and P contents and stoichiometric characteristics of forage leaves of five species ( cv. Tongde, cv. Qinghai, cv.

Clinical features of patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis at plateau areas.

Objective: Cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) is believed to be associated with high-altitude exposure and has worse clinical prognosis in plateau areas than in plain areas, although this needs to be further verified. This retrospective study aims to compare the clinical differences of patients with CVST in plateau and plain areas and further ascertain the role of high-altitude exposure in the etiology of aggravating predisposition toward CVST.

Methods: Twenty-four symptomatic CVST patients occurring at plateau areas (altitude ≥ 4000 m), in corresponding with 24 CVST patients occurring at plain areas (altitude ≤ 1000 m), were recruited according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria from June 2020 to December 2021.

MiR-124 Reduced Neuroinflammation after Traumatic Brain Injury by Inhibiting TRAF6.

Introduction: Neuroinflammation contributes to secondary injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI), which has been mainly mediated by the microglia. MiR-124 was reported to play an important role in the polarization of microglia by targeting TLR4 signaling pathway. However, the role and mechanism of miR-124 in neuroinflammation mediated by microglia after TBI is unclear.

Impact of high altitude on the incidence of postoperative venous thromboembolism and its genetic susceptibility: A meta-analysis and systematic review.

Background: The effect of high-altitude (HA) on venous thromboembolism (VTE) and its mechanism remains ambiguous. To clarify this, we aimed to conduct a meta-analysis and systematic review to evaluate the incidence of VTE at HA and comparatively low altitude (LA) and figure out the intrinsic risk factors such as susceptibility genes of patients with VTE at HA.

Methods: We selected studies that explored the risk factors for HA and VTE by searching PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science to analyze the impact of HA on VTE.

The Clinical Differences of Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury in Plateau and Plain Areas.

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability, which tends to have a worse clinical recovery if it occurs in plateau areas than in plain areas. To explore the underlying cause of this outcome preliminarily, this retrospective study was conducted to compare the clinical differences of patients with TBI in plateau and plain areas.

Methods: In this study, 32 patients with TBI in plateau areas (altitude ≥ 4,000 m) and 32 in plain areas (altitude ≤ 1,000 m) were recruited according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria from June 2020 to December 2021.

Exosomal microRNAs have great potential in the neurorestorative therapy for traumatic brain injury.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of brain impairment, resulting in acute neural impairment and chronic long-term disability worldwide. Until now, no therapeutics developed can improve the neurological recovery and clinical prognosis of TBI. Latest studies have indicated that the cell-based therapy can improve neurological recovery by promoting intrinsic neurogenesis and neurite growth after TBI in animal experiments and clinical researches.

Correlation Between Neutrophil to Lymphocyte Ratio and Myocardial Injury in Population Exposed to High Altitude.

Myocardial injury is a severe complication in population exposed to high altitude. As a new biomarker for inflammatory response, neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) has been widely used to predict the prognosis of various diseases. In this study, we intend to explore the risk factors for myocardial injury at high altitude and examine the relationship between NLR level and development of myocardial injury.

Toll-Like Receptor 2 Attenuates Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Neural Stem Cell Proliferation in Dentate Gyrus of Rats.

It was not clear how and whether neural stem cells (NSCs) responded to toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) in the inflammatory environment after traumatic brain injury (TBI). The current study investigated the correlation of TLR2 and NSC proliferation in the dentate gyrus (DG) using the TBI model of rats. Immunofluorescence (IF) was used to observe the expression of BrdU, nestin, and TLR2 in the DG in morphology.

[Activation of miR-124-3p/Notch pathway promotes proliferation and differentiation of rat neural stem cells after traumatic brain injury].

Objective To explore the change of the expression of microRNA-124-3p (miR-124-3p) in injured hippocampus of rats and investigate the role of miR-124-3p in neuranagenesis after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Methods The healthy male rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated group, TBI group, miR-124-3p agomir group and miR-124-3p antagomir group. TBI models were constructed by controlled cortical injury (CCI) device for all the groups except for the sham-operated group.

Exosomal MicroRNAs as Liquid Biopsy Biomarkers in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Purpose: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) has a high incidence in China and exploring effective ways for early diagnosis is an important method to improve the prognosis of patients with HCC. Additional studies reported that. Some kinds of microRNA (miRNA) in plasma will change accordingly during HCC progress, and this change can be used to diagnose HCC, especially with miRNA-122, miRNA-21 and miRNA-96.

Adsorptive removal of trace thallium(I) from wastewater: A review and new perspectives.

Thallium is an emerging pollutant reported in wastewater along with the increasing mining and smelting of thallium-containing ores in recent years. The complete removal of Tl(I) from wastewater is of significant emergency due to its high toxicity and mobility, however, Tl(I) removal is always confronted with numerous technical difficulties because of the extremely low Tl(I) concentration in wastewater and the disturbances of many accompanying impurity ions. Adsorption is currently the most widely used method for Tl(I) removal on industrial scale and varied kinds of adsorbents such as Prussian blue analogues, biosorbents, and metal oxides have been developed.

Decomposition behavior and reaction mechanism of CeTbMgAlO during NaCO assisted roasting: Toward efficient recycling of Ce and Tb from waste phosphor.

Waste aluminate phosphor is a valuable secondary resource of rare earth elements (REEs). However, Ce and Tb in aluminate green phosphor can hardly be extracted by direct leaching in an inorganic acid. Therefore, NaCO assisted roasting is adopted to decompose the stable spinel structure of CeTbMgAlO in the present work and to achieve the transformation of REEs to simple oxides.

The Effect of SPTLC2 on Promoting Neuronal Apoptosis is Alleviated by MiR-124-3p Through TLR4 Signalling Pathway.

To investigate the role and mechanism of microRNA-124-3p (miR-124-3p) and serine palmitoyltransferase long chain base subunit 2 (SPTLC2) in neuronal apoptosis induced by mechanical injury. Transient transfection was used to modify the expression of miR-124-3p and SPTLC2. After transfection, neuronal apoptosis was evaluated in an in vitro injury model of primary neurons using TUNEL staining and western blot.

Acute Traumatic Brain Injury Induces CD4+ and CD8+ T Cell Functional Impairment by Upregulating the Expression of PD-1 via the Activated Sympathetic Nervous System.

Objective: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) induces immunosuppression in the acute phase, and the activation of the sympathetic nervous system (SNS) might play a role in this process, but the mechanism involved is unknown. Herein, we explored the impact of acute (a)TBI on the peripheral immune system and its correlation with the SNS and the T cell exhaustion marker, PD-1 (programmed cell death-1).

Methods: Flow cytometry (FCM) was performed to analyze the expression of T cell markers and intracellular cytokines, interferon-γ and tumor necrosis factor-α, and the T cell exhaustion marker, PD-1, in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of TBI rats.

MiR-124 Enriched Exosomes Promoted the M2 Polarization of Microglia and Enhanced Hippocampus Neurogenesis After Traumatic Brain Injury by Inhibiting TLR4 Pathway.

MicroRNA-124 (miR-124) is a brain specific miRNA that is highly expressed in microglia. The upregulation of miR-124 contributes to M2 polarization of microglia, which is beneficial to neurogenesis. Exosomes are lipid membrane vesicles that can deliver miR-124 into the brain.

Molecular design of macrocyclic compounds for complete removal of thallium(I) from wastewater.

Design of new adsorbents for complete removal of thallium(I) from wastewater is of significant importance. Based on the theory of binding ability between crown ether and metal ion, a kind of Tl(I)-selected crown ether, thio-18-crown-6 ether, was designed. Subsequently, modeling calculations were performed to investigate the microscopic interaction between 18-crown-6 ether and its sulfur-substituted derivatives with Tl.

Clinical differences of early and late-onset myasthenia gravis in 985 patients.

The clinical differences of early-onset myasthenia gravis (EOMG) and late-onset MG (LOMG) have not been elucidated in China. In order to clarify this, a retrospective study was conducted in 985 MG patients, whose disease duration was longer than 3 years. These patients were separated into EOMG and LOMG according to the onset age of 50 years.

Quantitative Study on Dissolution Behavior of NdO in Fluoride Melts.

The dissolution of rare earth oxides in molten fluorides is a critical step in the preparation of the corresponding rare earth metals by oxide-fluoride electrolysis. However, quantitatively understanding the nature of dissolution, especially in the case of molten salts, is usually difficult to be achieved by characterization. In this paper, the dissolution behavior of NdO particles in molten fluorides was studied via observation with confocal scanning laser microscopy.