Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Associations of Serum LRG1 with Severity and Prognosis Among Adult Community-Acquired Pneumonia Patients.

Background: Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is associated with various inflammatory lung diseases. Nevertheless, the connection between LRG1 and adult community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) individuals was still not well understood. Through a prospective cohort study, the correlations of serum LRG1 with severity and prognosis were evaluated in CAP patients.

Biocontrol Potential of Bacillus strains against soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines) and for promotion of soybean growth.

The soybean cyst nematode (SCN, Heterodera glycines) is the most yield-limiting pathogen in soybeans worldwide. Using chemical pesticides to control this disease is harmful to human and environment. It is urgent to develop environment-friendly nematicides.

The miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks of the response to NaHCO stress in industrial hemp (Cannabis sativa L.).

Background: Industrial hemp is an important industrial crop and has strong resistance to saline-alkaline stress. However, research on the industrial hemp response to NaHCO stress is limited. Therefore, the response mechanisms of industrial hemp under NaHCO stress were analysed through miRNA-mRNA regulatory networks.

Effects of the termination of LC imidacloprid stress on the multigeneration adaptive strategies of population.

Matsumura (Hemiptera: Aphididae) is a major soybean pest that often poses a serious threat to soybean production. Imidacloprid is one of the commonly used insecticides to control the soybean aphid. To investigate the effect of termination of imidacloprid stress on the adaptive strategies of soybean aphid populations, we studied the growth, development, and related metabolism changes when the stress was terminated after 24 generations of imidacloprid stress on .

Histological and molecular responses of Vigna angularis to Uromyces vignae infection.

Background: To advance the understanding of adzuki bean (Vigna angularis) resistance to infection with the rust-causing fungus Uromyces vignae (Uv), we comprehensively analyzed histological events and the transcriptome of Uv-infected adzuki bean.

Results: Compared with the susceptible cv. Baoqinghong (BQH), the resistant cv.

c-Myc plays a key role in IFN-γ-induced persistence of .

can persist over extended times within their host cell and thereby establish chronic infections. One of the major inducers of chlamydial persistence is interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) released by immune cells as a mechanism of immune defence. IFN-γ activates the catabolic depletion of L-tryptophan (Trp) via indoleamine-2,3-dioxygenase (IDO), resulting in persistent .

Exogenous DCPTA Treatment Increases Mung Bean Yield by Improving Carbon Metabolism Pathway and Up-Regulating Photosynthetic Capacity and Antioxidants.

Mung bean is characterized by having a good edible and medicinal value, while its flowers and pods have low production. Being a tertiary amine, DCPTA [2-(3,4-dichlorophenoxy) triethylamine] substantially regulates the growth and development of crops, maintaining production. Yet it is still limited in terms of the regulation of DCPTA on growth and development, including the yield and sugar metabolism of mung bean.

Genome-Wide Identification, Characterization and Expression Analysis of Soybean Gene Family.

The (CHY ZINC-FINGER AND RING FINGER PROTEIN) proteins have been functionally characterized in iron regulation and stress response in , rice and . However, their roles in soybean have not yet been systematically investigated. Here, in this study, 16 genes with conserved Zinc_ribbon, CHY zinc finger and Ring finger domains were obtained and divided into three groups.

Intranasal immunization with inactivated chlamydial elementary bodies formulated in VCG-chitosan nanoparticles induces robust immunity against intranasal Chlamydia psittaci challenge.

Vaccines based on live attenuated Chlamydia elementary bodies (EBs) can cause disease in vaccinated animals and the comparably safer inactivated whole EBs are only marginally protective. Recent studies show that a vaccine formulation comprising UV-inactivated EBs (EB) and appropriate mucosal delivery systems and/or adjuvants induced significant protective immunity. We tested the hypothesis that intranasal delivery of UV-inactivated C.

Triggers the Invasion of H9N2 Avian Influenza Virus by Impairing the Functions of Chicken Macrophages.

In a pilot study, simultaneous infection with () and H9N2 virus induced 20% mortality and severe avian airsacculitis, shedding light on animal models of poultry respiratory diseases. However, the pathogenesis is still unclear. In the current study, we hypothesized that infection execrates macrophage function and facilitates H9N2 infection.

Correction: PmpD-N modulated Chicken Macrophage Function by Triggering Th2 Polarization and the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

The authors would like to make the following corrections to their paper, published in the [...

PmpD-N Exacerbated Chicken Macrophage Function by Triggering Th2 Polarization and the TLR2/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway.

The polymorphic membrane protein D (PmpD) is a highly conserved outer membrane protein which plays an important role in pathogenesis during infection. In this study, we evaluated the ability of the N-terminus of PmpD (PmpD-N) to modulate the functions of chicken macrophages and the signaling pathway(s) involved in PmpD-N-induced Toll-like receptors (TLRs), as well as interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-10 cytokine secretions. Thus, HD11 macrophages were treated with exogenous and intracellular PmpD-N of .

Feed-borne exacerbates respiratory distress in chickens infected with by inducing haemorrhagic pneumonia.

is an important zoonotic pathogen and its oral route of infection plays an important role in the transmission and persistence. strain, a common contaminant of animal feed and feedstuffs, can cause severe diarrhoea and malnutrition in poultry. In our previous study, a strain (Dawu C), isolated from the haemorrhagic lungs of infected chickens, was shown to harbour two virulence genes () and was able to induce haemorrhagic lesions in the lungs, as well as gizzard erosion and ulceration (GEU) syndrome in broilers.

A late embryogenesis abundant protein GsPM30 interacts with a receptor like cytoplasmic kinase GsCBRLK and regulates environmental stress responses.

A Glycine soja receptor like cytoplasmic kinase GsCBRLK was previously characterized as a positive regulator of salt tolerance. However, how GsCBRLK regulates stress responses remains obscure. Here, we report the interaction between GsCBRLK and a group 3 late embryogenesis abundant protein GsPM30, and suggest its role in stress responses.

Contaminated feed-borne Bacillus cereus aggravates respiratory distress post avian influenza virus H9N2 infection by inducing pneumonia.

Avian influenza virus subtype H9N2 is identified in chickens with respiratory disease while Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) has been frequently isolated from chicken feed in China. However, the roles of co-infection with these two pathogens remain unclear.

Effect of pseudolaric acid B on biochemical and physiologic characteristics in Colletotrichum gloeosporioides.

In our previous study on natural products with fungicidal activity, pseudolaric acid B (PAB) isolated from Pseudolarix amabilis was examined to inhibit significantly mango anthracnose (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides) in vivo and in vitro. In the current study, sensitivity of 17 plant pathogenic fungi to PAB was determined. Mycelial growth rate results showed that PAB possessed strong antifungal activities to eleven fungi with median effective concentration (EC) values ranging from 0.

Protocatechuic acid (PCA) induced a better antiviral effect by immune enhancement in SPF chickens.

Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is an antiviral agent against Avian Influenza virus (AIV) and Infectious Bursal Disease (IBD) virus, but its antiviral mechanism is unknown. In this study, we evaluated the humoral and cellular responses to PCA in specific pathogen-free (SPF) chickens. One hundred forty 35-day-old SPF chickens were randomly divided into 7 groups.

Co-infection of Chlamydia psittaci with H9N2, ORT and Aspergillus fumigatus contributes to severe pneumonia and high mortality in SPF chickens.

Since 2007, most areas of China have seen outbreaks of poultry airsacculitis, which causes hugely economic losses to the poultry industry. However, there are no effective measures to combat the problem. In this study, 105 rations were collected to isolate Aspergillus spp.

Local auxin metabolism regulates environment-induced hypocotyl elongation.

A hallmark of plants is their adaptability of size and form in response to widely fluctuating environments. The metabolism and redistribution of the phytohormone auxin play pivotal roles in establishing active auxin gradients and resulting cellular differentiation. In Arabidopsis thaliana, cotyledons and leaves synthesize indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) from tryptophan through indole-3-pyruvic acid (3-IPA) in response to vegetational shade.

Cryptochrome 1 interacts with PIF4 to regulate high temperature-mediated hypocotyl elongation in response to blue light.

Cryptochrome 1 (CRY1) is a blue light receptor that mediates primarily blue-light inhibition of hypocotyl elongation. Very little is known of the mechanisms by which CRY1 affects growth. Blue light and temperature are two key environmental signals that profoundly affect plant growth and development, but how these two abiotic factors integrate remains largely unknown.

Smoke-derived karrikin perception by the α/β-hydrolase KAI2 from Arabidopsis.

Genetic studies in Arabidopsis implicate an α/β-hydrolase, KARRIKIN-INSENSITIVE 2 (KAI2) as a receptor for karrikins, germination-promoting butenolide small molecules found in the smoke of burned plants. However, direct biochemical evidence for the interaction between KAI2 and karrikin and for the mechanism of downstream signaling by a KAI2-karrikin complex remain elusive. We report crystallographic analyses and ligand-binding experiments for KAI2 recognition of karrikins.

Coordination of auxin and ethylene biosynthesis by the aminotransferase VAS1.

We identify an Arabidopsis pyridoxal-phosphate-dependent aminotransferase, VAS1, whose loss-of-function simultaneously increases amounts of the phytohormone auxin and the ethylene precursor 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate. VAS1 uses the ethylene biosynthetic intermediate methionine as an amino donor and the auxin biosynthetic intermediate indole-3-pyruvic acid as an amino acceptor to produce L-tryptophan and 2-oxo-4-methylthiobutyric acid. Our data indicate that VAS1 serves key roles in coordinating the amounts of these two vital hormones.